Presentation “Tulips” (4th grade) on the world around us - project, report

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• Plants
• Tulips

There is probably no such person who does not love flowers.
But there are a lot of them. But today we will talk about tulips. They are not only bright, but also very beautiful. Not only do they have striking shapes, but they also come in bright and varied colors. They originated in Holland and gradually began to spread throughout the world. Ecluse arrived there first, and when he returned to his homeland, he grabbed some types of plants and seeds and also took with him tulip bulbs.

They grow from a special bulb. It needs to be buried in the ground before frost breaks. And if you do everything correctly, then you will enjoy their flowering for a very long time.

If you watch them, it will seem like a real fairy tale. At first the petals become green, and a little later they turn into red, orange, blue or yellow.

The height of a tulip can be from twenty centimeters and above. There may be one flower on the trunk, or there may be several, it depends on the type of plant. They usually bloom for eighty to one hundred and twenty days. It is best to plant them in April, and they finish flowering only at the end of June. But most of all, their flowering is influenced by air temperature.

Even in ancient times, many people believed that if yellow tulips bloomed in their garden, great happiness awaited them. Many people grow these flowers and delight them with their blooming. They are especially helpful for those who write various plays, poems or paintings.

In addition, many people consumed tulips, but before eating they always sprinkled it with sugar. And it was considered a rare delicacy, consumed only by rich people who could afford it.

If you count, there are about one hundred and ten different types of tulips in the world. Of course, there are also wild tulips. They are usually found in Eastern Europe or Kazakhstan.

Option No. 2

There is probably no person who doesn’t like flowers. Of course, there are a lot of them, but most people like tulips the most. They are vibrant and the most beloved spring flowers. Each of these flowers not only has its own color, but also a different shape. If you translate the name of the flower, it means turban.

The birthplace of this flower is Holland. And a little later they spread to different countries and cities. Today, a lot of them have appeared, and they grow freely in our country.

Grow tulips from an ordinary bulb. But you need to plant it before the onset of frost. And if you succeed, they will be able to delight you with their beauty for a very long time.

If someone managed to watch how they bloom, they will think that magic is involved in this. At first the leaves turn green, and a little later they turn from green to red. After some time, they are repainted orange, and then blue and yellow. No other flower can have so many shades at once.

Even ancient people believed that happiness was hidden in a yellow tulip and therefore many wanted to make this particular flower bloom for them. In addition, many tried to open this flower and gain happiness for themselves. Maybe someone succeeded, but no one knows about it.

There is a legend about tulips. There lived one yellow tulip in the world. And a little later everyone knew that happiness was found in this flower. Many began to try to get to this flower, but no one managed to do it. At this time, one woman was walking with her child on the street, and suddenly he saw a yellow and very beautiful flower and ran towards it. And when he found himself near this flower, it opened. This is where it came to be that this flower contains happiness, which must be obtained in different ways.

It will not be difficult for the housewife to grow this flower in her own area. And that’s all, because tulips are unpretentious flowers, but still, if the earth does not warm up, then it will not open its buds. But the leaves will still grow in cold soil.

During the day it blooms, but at night it closes its petals. In total, there are about one hundred and fourteen species of this flower. He also has hybrids. There are regular tulips. And they resemble a glass. The height of the stem reaches about thirty centimeters.

Double tulips have heavy and very large flowers. The height of the stem reaches only twenty-five centimeters. Fringed tulips have a fringe at the end of the flower. The height of the stem reaches eighty centimeters.

There are tulips that resemble lilies in color. But their color is much brighter. There are parrot tulips. And if you look closely, they may remind us of parrot feathers. Some flowers are brightly colored.

Presentation “Tulip” presentation for a lesson on the topic

Slide 1

Tulips

Slide 2

Tulip (lat. Túlipa) is a genus of perennial bulbous plants of the Liliaceae family. The name comes from the Persian word toliban (“turban”), and this name was given to the flower for the similarity of its buds with an oriental headdress that resembled a turban.

Slide 3

Tulip is a herbaceous bulbous perennial. The height of plants varies depending on the type and variety from 10-20 to 65-100 cm.

Slide 4

Phylogenetic studies of the late 20th and early 21st centuries showed that in nature there are up to 110 species of tulips. The homeland of most of them is Central Asia, its arid and mountainous regions: steppes, sandy and rocky deserts. Wild tulips are found in nature in Eastern Europe and Kazakhstan (southern regions). A significant number of species grow in Iran, Turkey, and northern India.

Slide 5

History of culture We find the first information about tulips in Persia. Among the Tajiks, whose language belongs to the Iranian group, there is an annual tulip festival, Sairi Lola. Now it is difficult to establish which species were the ancestors of the first cultivated plants, but perhaps they were wild Gesner tulips (Tulipa gesneriana) and Schrenk tulips (Tulipa schrenkii), common in Asia Minor and Central Asia. From Persia, tulips came to Turkey, where they were called “lale” (Turkish Lale). The name Lale is still the most popular female name in Eastern countries. In Turkey, breeding of these plants began for the first time. By the 16th century, about 300 varieties of tulips were already known. Europeans first became acquainted with the tulip in Byzantium, where the tulip is still one of the symbols of the successor of the Byzantine Empire - Turkey.

Slide 6

The first tulips in Europe In 1554, the envoy of the Austrian emperor in Turkey, Ogier de Busbeck, sent a large shipment of tulip bulbs and seeds to Vienna. At first they were grown in the Vienna Garden of Medicinal Plants, the director of which was professor of botany Charles de l'Ecluse (English: Carolus Clusius) (Charles de l'Ecluse, 1525-1609). While engaged in breeding, Ecluse (better known as Carlos Clusius) sent seeds and bulbs to all his friends and acquaintances. In the 60s of the 16th century, traders and merchants brought them to Austria, France, and Germany. From that time on, the triumphant conquest of Europe by tulips began. Initially, tulips were grown at royal courts, they became a symbol of wealth and nobility, and they began to be collected. Richelieu, Voltaire, the Austrian Emperor Franz II, and the French King Louis XVIII were passionate lovers of tulips.

Slide 7

Tulips in Holland In Holland, the first specimens of Tulipa gesneriana appeared in 1570, when Ecluse, by invitation, came to work in Holland and, along with other plants, captured tulip bulbs. This marked the beginning of an entire people's craze for tulips, known as tulip mania. For rare specimens of this flower they paid from 2,000 to 4,000 florins; There is a story about one copy, for which the buyer paid an entire beer for 30,000 florins. Prices were set at the Haarlem stock exchange, where tulips became the subject of speculation. At the beginning of the 17th century, over the course of three years, transactions for tulips worth more than 10 million florins were made. Many industrialists abandoned their production and took up growing tulips. As a result, crashes occurred, fortunes were lost, and the government was forced to take action against this mania. And in society, the immoderate hobby gave rise to a reaction; Persons appeared who could not stand the sight of tulips with indifference and destroyed them mercilessly. This mania finally stopped when English gardens and various new flowers began to spread. Currently in Holland you can enjoy tulips in Keukenhof Park.

Slide 9

Tulips in Russia In Rus', wild species of tulips were known back in the 12th century, but bulbs of garden tulip varieties were first brought to Russia during the reign of Peter I in 1702 from Holland. In Russia, Prince Vyazemsky, Countess Zubova, P. A. Demidov, and Count Razumovsky were passionate lovers and collectors of flowers. Tulip bulbs at that time were expensive because they were imported from abroad until the end of the 19th century and were grown in the estates of only wealthy people. Since the end of the 19th century, their industrial production was organized directly in Russia, on the coast of the Caucasus, in Sukhumi. However, tulip culture in Russia has not received as much development as in Western European countries.

Slide 11

History of the study The study of wild tulips in their natural habitats began in the 15th century. Didier's tulip (Tulipa didieri) and green-flowered tulip (Tulipa viridiflora) were found in Greece, Italy and southern France. From them came the original lily-flowered tulips. In 1571, the first description of garden tulips was made by the Swiss botanist K. Gesner. Later, in 1773, garden tulips in his honor were united by C. Linnaeus under the collective name Tulipa gesneriana (Gesner's Tulip). The widespread introduction of wild species into culture began following the discovery and study of them in nature at the beginning of the 18th century. Much credit for this goes to Russian scientists A.I. Vvedensky, V.I. Taliev, Z.P. Bochantseva, Z.M. Silina and others. However, real breeding work with tulips began only at the end of the 19th century. A huge role in this belongs to the director of the St. Petersburg Botanical Garden E. A. Regel (1815-1892). From his trips to Central Asia, he brought many species to St. Petersburg and described them in the book “Flora of Gardens.” Thanks to him, species of Central Asian tulips first came to Holland, England, France, Germany and America, where they attracted the attention of breeders, becoming the progenitors of most modern varieties.

Slide 13

Legends There is a legend about tulips, according to which happiness lies in the bud of a yellow tulip. No one could reach happiness because the bud did not open. When a little boy walking with his mother first saw a beautiful yellow bud and ran towards it with a happy smile, the tulip opened. Since then, it has been believed that gifted tulips bring happiness or at least a good mood. Therefore, it is customary to give children unopened tulips (or those that have just begun to bloom).

Slide 14

Interesting facts In the last months of World War II, the Nazis made a water blockade in the west of the Netherlands, cutting off all food supplies. The consequences were disastrous. According to eyewitnesses, during the “hunger winter” of 1944-1945, at least 10,000 civilians died from malnutrition. Typically a person consumes approximately 1600-2800 calories per day. But in April 1945, some residents of Amsterdam, Delft, The Hague, Leiden, Rotterdam and Utrecht had to be content with only 500-600 calories. Tulip bulbs themselves remain very tough, regardless of the duration of boiling. In addition, consuming them causes irritation in the mouth and throat. To reduce irritation, a little carrot or sugar beet was added to the bulbs, if available. 100 grams of tulip bulbs—about 148 calories—contain 3 grams of protein, 0.2 grams of fat and 32 grams of carbohydrates. Thus, not very tasty tulip bulbs saved many Dutch people from starvation.

Slide 16

During the Afghan War (1979-1989), a black tulip was called a hearse plane, and a red tulip was a painful execution. In 1998, a mosque was built in Bashkiria, the name of which was based on the name tulip. In 2005, a revolution took place in Kyrgyzstan, which received the name Tyulpanova. In the 1990s, Natasha Koroleva’s song “Yellow Tulips” from the album of the same name was popular in the USSR. In 1982, playwright Mikhail Volokhov wrote the fairy tale “The Red Tulip and Last Year’s Oak Leaf.” In 1952, director Christian-Jacques made a film called Fanfan-Tulip, and in 2003 Gerard Krawczyk made a remake of it with the same name. The image of a tulip flower is repeated three times on the edge of the one Turkish lira coin (in circulation since January 1, 2009).

Slide 17

V. Zhukovsky fairy tale in verse “Tulip Tree”. Once upon a time there lived, I don’t know where, a rich and kind man. He was married and loved his wife with all his soul; But they had no children; and this crushed them, and they prayed that God would bless their marriage; And the prayer reached them to the Lord. There was a garden around their house; in the clearing there was a tulip tree growing.

Slide 18

A rare species of flowering tree called tulip tree or tulip liriodendron. The flowers are very reminiscent of a tulip bud. In the eastern United States, the tulip tree is one of the most honey-bearing plants. The flowering period of the tree begins at the end of May and ends by the beginning of July. The flowers—cream-colored tulips with orange centers—sprinkle mature trees in early to mid-summer and smell like chocolate. The fruits of this tree are cone-shaped, up to 6 centimeters long, and fall off when ripe. Tulip trees have a wonderful crown and grow quickly under favorable conditions. They prefer well-drained clay soils with a large surface layer of black soil. Like other members of the magnolia family, the roots of this tree are fleshy and easily break if handled carelessly. Planting a tulip tree can be done before the leaves appear, in early spring. Relatively frost-resistant. The tulip tree is widespread in the temperate climates of different countries. To the north, this tree extends to the latitude of Oslo (Norway).

Slide 19

Corrugated paper tulips Cut 6 strips of corrugated paper measuring 3x18 cm along the corrugated lines. Twist the strip in the middle 2 times. Fold it in half. Make a convex petal by stretching both layers of paper. Squeeze and twist the base. Cut strips of green paper 2 cm wide across the corrugation lines. Take the wire for the stem (15-20 cm) and cover it with strips folded in half. Place 3 inner petals around the stem, then 3 outer petals on top. Wrap them tightly with a strip coated with glue. Cut out leaves from thick double-sided paper and curl them slightly.

Slide 21

Drawing tulips

Report on the topic Tulips message

Tulip is a genus of herbaceous plants. The plant is a monocot and belongs to the lily family, which includes about 110 species.

The flower belongs to the perennial bulbous plants. At the beginning of life, a tulip has only one root, but then it dies and a root system is formed. Tulip bulbs are pear-shaped with a flat bottom and a pointed top and have a scale-like covering. The bulb contains nutrients for the plant. It lives no more than 1.5-2 years, and after it dies, new bulbs grow. The bulb sizes are different for each species. The tulip has an underground stem - a stolon. The fruiting stem can grow from 10 cm to 1 m, depending on the species and variety. It contains a bud and from 1 to 11 leaves. Tulip leaves are elongated, can be oval-shaped or pointed towards the top, and have arcuate venation. They tightly cover the stem and vary in size from bottom to top. There is usually only one flower, but there are species with many buds. A tulip has six petals; more can only be found in hybrids. The color can be yellow, red, white, black or mixed. The shape of the flower can also be different: in the form of a glass, bowl, star, etc. In the middle of the bud there are 6 stamens and 1 pistil.

The tulip fruit is a round capsule with three sides. Seeds in the form of eggs or triangles. When the capsule breaks apart, the seeds fall out and are spread by the wind.

The homeland of the tulip is Central Asia, where its cultivation originated from ancient times. The plant played an important role in Middle Eastern cultures. There are many legends and myths about the tulip; its images often appeared in paintings, especially decorative ones. The flower was a symbol of Seljuk culture. It was considered a sign of balance and calm. The tulip was a symbol of the Ottoman Empire, where the flower was first mass bred. In the 16th century, tulips began to appear in Europe, in Portugal, and then began to spread north. In the 17th century, there was a fashion for growing this flower. In the 20th century, new varieties of tulip began to be actively developed, and at the moment the plant occupies one of the first places among ornamental crops.

The name of the flower comes from the Ottoman-Persian word "tülbend". It refers to the fabric from which the turban is made, and the tulip bud is similar to this headdress.

The tulip is widespread throughout the world. It grows mainly in Central Asia, where wild species can often be found, as well as in Africa, Europe, the Balkan Islands and Scandinavian countries. Tulips are very resistant to temperature changes, and therefore can live both in harsh cold mountainous areas and in arid conditions.

The classification of species of this genus is very difficult to understand; botanists are still arguing about it. The number of species is constantly changing. In the mid-18th century there were only 3 species, by 1873 there were already 26, in the 40s of the 20th century - more than 100, but soon dropped to 40. By the beginning of the 21st century, the number reached 400, but according to the most recent data, 113 species are recognized .

Tulips are divided into 4 groups depending on when they begin to bloom: early, mid-early, late and other types. The early ones include 2 classes: simple early and terry early. The mid-early varieties also include 2 classes: triumph and Darwinian hybrids. The late ones have 6 classes: simple late, lily-flowered, green-flowered, fringed, parrot and double late. Other species include 3 types: Kaufman, Foster and Greig tulips.

Because of their beauty and variety of colors and shapes, tulips are mainly used for decorative purposes. They are very popular among flower growers; they are planted in parks and vegetable gardens.

1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th grade biology

Rules for storing tulip bulbs

Temperature conditions are of utmost importance at the first stage of forcing (when storing bulbs). By changing the temperature in one direction or another, you can control the development of tulips and the timing of flowering, which makes it possible when forcing to not take into account the peculiarities of the timing of flowering depending on the varieties of tulips.

The temperature effect on the bulbs during storage consists of two stages:

the first is exposure to high temperatures,

the second is exposure to low temperatures.

After drying, the bulbs are placed in well-ventilated containers (usually plastic boxes) and brought into a ventilated room. For the first week, storage at a temperature of 30-35°C is desirable, then for a month the temperature is lowered to 21–23°C. Over the next month, the temperature is lowered to 18–20°C, and then for another month the temperature is lowered to 15–17°C. Such temperatures are typical for the formation of a plant in natural weather conditions characteristic of the growth of tulips in nature, which contributes to the further successful formation of the plant. During this period, the formation of the rudiment of the future flower occurs in the bulb.

In our climatic conditions, this stage ends approximately at the very beginning of September.

The next mandatory step in preparing the bulbs is to cool them at a temperature not exceeding 8 degrees for at least 16-20 weeks, depending on the variety of tulips. This stage is necessary for the bulb to enter a dormant period, which also corresponds to the natural growth of tulips in the wild, since in nature tulips bloom only after going through a winter cooling period.

Under the influence of low temperature, substances are formed in the bulbs that stimulate further growth and full development. The purpose of such preparation is to delay the development of leaf primordia in the bulb and thereby enable the primordia of flower organs to form in it more quickly.

Therefore, when forcing, they adhere to the same principle. A significant deviation from the standards leads to the formation of non-flowering buds and inhibition of flower development. At the same time, a deviation from the indicated temperature indicators by 2-3 degrees will not harm the tulips.

At home, in order to start cooling the bulbs, they can be placed on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator immediately before planting in the ground.

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Project "Tulip"

Elena Puzakova

Project "Tulip"

Project : " Tulip "

Project type : research, creative, short-term

Implementation period: two months

Venue: kindergarten group

Age: children of the preparatory group - 6 years old.

Object of study: tulip

Author and project : Puzakova E. B.;

Problem:

We were faced with a question. How to surprise your mother on March 8th. We decided to try growing tulips in a group .

Relevance:

Our guys already had experience growing flowers in a flower bed, including tulips . The ability to grow flowers in a flowerbed instills in children a sense of pride and victory. During the conversation with the children, it turned out that everyone knows: the tulip is one of the first spring flowers, but is it possible to grow a tulip indoors on a windowsill? And surprise and please mom. This work is aimed at developing the search and cognitive activity of children, which gives the child the opportunity to experiment, synthesize acquired knowledge, develop cognitive and creative activity

Objective of the project :

- arouse children's cognitive interest in growing tulips indoors

Tasks:

— expand children’s knowledge about tulips , the conditions for their growth, how to create a bed on a windowsill and care for the bulbs;

— learn more about varieties of tulips ;

— interest in the stages of the experiment;

— to activate children’s initiative, attention and memory;

— enrichment of children’s vocabulary;

- involve children , teachers, and parents in the project.

Project implementation stages .

Stage 1 - Preparatory

— justification of the relevance of the topic, motivation for its choice, formulation of the goals and objectives of the project .

Stage 2 – Main.

1. Conversations with children (identifying the level of knowledge about tulips )

2. Drawing up a work plan for the project .

3. Collection of material necessary for the implementation of the project .

4. Development of lesson notes and presentations on the planned topic.

5. Creation of a developmental environment, selection of games and equipment on the topic of the project

6. Involving parents in planting tulips and preparing observation diaries.

Stage 3 – Final.

• Pedagogical examination of children.

• Data processing.

• Project .

Contents of project activities .

1. Conversations with children for informational purposes.

In the process of working on the project , the students were given new knowledge about tulips and their varieties.

2. Fostering a caring attitude towards plants as living beings, empathy for them, understanding the need for their protection based on one’s own observations.

Examination of the structure of a tulip .

3. Conducting experiments where children watch the growth of a tulip . Establishing connections: plants - earth, plants - water, plants - people. Recording the results of experiments in drawings and photographs. Forming an idea about the basic needs of a tulip , the conditions that are necessary for its growth (water, soil, light, heat)

. Developing skills for planting material in soil and water.

Find out what affects the ripening of the bud.

4.In the process of research, introduce children to fiction about flowers: sayings, poems, fairy tales, riddles, crosswords. Examination of illustrations and paintings on a floral theme.

5. Involving parents in project work

— Preparation of a consultation for parents: “Flowers are our friends”

— Making diaries of observations of a tulip planted at home.

6. Improving the practical skills of children, their free use in games and creative activities.

Expected results:

— Children know how to care for a tulip on their own ;

- have an idea of ​​what affects the ripening and opening of a bud;

— children acquired new experience in search and research activities. In the process of working on the project , preschoolers learned varieties of tulips and developed the skill of working with seed material.

— the children independently examined the growth of the tulip and noted the beauty of its flowers.

— The horizons and mental activity of children have expanded. The process and result of the project brought satisfaction to the children, the joy of experiencing, and awareness of their own skills.

— Children’s vocabulary was replenished with new words “deepening”

,
“seedlings”
- Development of cooperation between parents and kindergarten

Forecast of possible negative consequences:

Not all tulip bulbs sprouted , perhaps due to poor quality material.

Some sprouts and leaves turned yellow during the growth process, although they were watered regularly, perhaps due to the low pot.

It gained color and only one bud blossomed; perhaps it was necessary to fertilize more.

Community of little green men

Tulipa Tulip is a bulbous plant with long lanceolate green leaves, blooming in spring as a single flower on a long peduncle, the perianth of which consists of six or more leaflets of different shapes and colors: yellow, red, pink, white, plain or mixed (spots or stripes).

Etymology of the name

The name of the genus apparently comes from the Turkish word tuliban - “turban”: after the shape of the flower.

Both wild and selected tulips, preferably low-growing ones, are suitable for planting in flowerpots. There are also special varieties for forcing for the New Year and Christmas.

Types and varieties of tulips

About 140 species of bulbous plants of this genus are known, their homeland is Asia and Asia Minor. It is represented in culture by more than 2500 varieties. According to the international nomenclature, they are combined into four sections, which include fifteen groups.

Hybrid tulip (Tulipa x hybrida)

The bulbs are round or ovoid, consisting of 2-5 concentric closed scales and a filmy, leathery covering shell. A peduncle up to 70 cm high bears 2-4 leaves and a single flower, a perianth of six or more leaflets of different shapes and colors: yellow, red, pink, white, plain or mixed (spots or stripes). The fruit is a three-star capsule with flat brown seeds.

Caring for tulips

Tulips planted in containers are kept in a cool but well-lit place. Tulip flowers require a lot of light to develop, so it is best to place them on a windowsill. After flowering has ended and the leaves have died, the bulbs are dug up and stored in a dry, warm place so that they can be planted in the garden in the fall. For winter forcing in the room for Christmas, the bulbs are planted in containers in mid-September so that the tops slightly protrude from the ground. Well-fertilized garden soils are used for planting. After abundant watering, the containers with the bulbs are buried in the garden in the ground to a depth of about 20 cm. The containers can also be placed in the cellar in a box with sand or in the refrigerator in the vegetable compartment.

After about 2 months, the container is dug up and transferred to a cold, dark room. When the bulbs sprout about 20 cm high, the containers are moved to a bright, warm room where they bloom. If containers with tulips are intended to be placed on a balcony or terrace, the bulbs are planted in them to a depth of about 10 cm in the fall, and in winter they are kept in a cold, but protected from frost place, preventing them from drying out. After the sprouts appear, the containers are moved to a permanent place and watering is increased. Watering growing tulips is carried out every other day in a tray, keeping the soil constantly moist. In indoor conditions, flowering lasts about a week. After flowering, watering is gradually reduced. The dormant period of the bulb begins from the moment the leaves turn yellow.

Tulip propagation

Propagated by baby bulbs, which are separated when digging up the mother plants. During wintering, there is a danger of bulbs rotting from excess moisture.