Visual dictations on the topic “Spelling unstressed case endings of adjectives”
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Fragrant heat over the ocean,
Heaven without clouds;
The sleepy air does not sway
No waves, no sails. Ya. Polonsky.
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The blizzard sweeps the White Path, Wants to drown in the soft snow. S. Yesenin.
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Silent sea, azure sea, Reveal to me your deep secret: What moves your vast bosom?
What is your tense chest breathing? V. Zhukovsky. ***
It’s already evening... the edges of the clouds have darkened, The last ray of dawn on the towers is dying; The last brilliant stream in the river fades away with the extinct sky. V. Zhukovsky.
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Two gloomy clouds wandered over the mountains on a sultry evening and slowly slid down onto the chest of a flammable rock toward the night. Ya. Polonsky.
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Just yesterday, melting in the sun, the forest was the last to tremble with its leaves. And the winter, lushly green, lay like a velvet carpet. A. Fet.
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The apple is ripe, red, sweet, the apple is crisp, with smooth skin. I will break the apple in half, I will split the apple with my friend. (Ya. Akim)
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Clouds, Clouds - Curly sides, Curly clouds, Whole, Holly, Light, Airy, Obedient to the breeze. (S. Mikhalkov)
Dictation "Heat".
High and sparse clouds rushed across the clear sky. They looked like late spring snow. The clouds quickly melted in the blue sky. It's hot. We wandered through the forest for a long time. My feet got tangled and caught in the long grass. It was abundantly watered by the hot sun. According to I. Turgenev.
Dictation "River".
The first snow soon fell. The river still did not give in to the cold. Clear, starry nights were the most dangerous. The cold tried to freeze her sleepy. And so it happened. The stormy mountain river calmed down. Cold hugged the proud beauty tightly and covered her as if with mirror glass. According to D. Mamin-Sibiryak.
Dictation "February".
Harsh February has arrived. With strong blizzards, blizzards, frosts. This winter season is especially difficult for birds. It is difficult to get food under deep snow. For a hungry bird, a frosty day means death. In bad weather, the guys go to feed their feathered friends. V. Chaplin
Selective dictations on the topic “Unstressed case endings of adjectives”
Assignment for dictations: write down the adjectives along with the nouns, determine the gender, number, and case of the adjectives.
Dictation 1.
We walked along a narrow path. A narrow stitch ran between the curly birch trees. Soon I heard the mysterious splashing of water. It was a river unknown to me. As we came closer, the forest parted and a bright meadow appeared. The river snaked in the coastal shallows. Tall spruce trees grew near the river. The water in the pools, despite the great depth, was visible. Near the shore, in a quiet backwater, golden water lilies grew. Just across the river rose a fence of thin poles. (E. Tverdov)
Dictation 2.
Potatoes are a very useful plant.
Its tubers are used for food. Potato starch is made from them. Above the ground, potatoes have green, juicy stems and large leaves. There are white and pink flowers on the stems. There are also stems in the ground - white and thin. Potatoes form at their ends. Potatoes are hilled. Its above-ground green stems are sprinkled with earth. New stems grow on them, and new tubers grow on the stems. Potato tubers have eyes. Before planting, the tubers should be kept in the light. Young shoots appear from the eyes. Dictation 3.
February is the time of low sun and long shadows.
Frost and frost. Fluffy birches stand. The deciduous birches were all covered in white coniferous needles. Silence. But the long night has passed - and outside the window there are already unfamiliar places. A blizzard whistles - a cheerful mess from earth to sky. The birches stretch out their thin arms-branches in the wind, and the stern spruce trees gloomily shake their heads and slap their prickly sides with their shaggy paws. The night has still passed - and there is already a new view outside the window. The snow became damp and porous. The sun is not visible. Drops swelled on the black branches. With each new day there is more and more light outside the window. Dictation 4.
Two travelers walked along a narrow path. Blue splashed on one side of the path. the sea, and on the other there were gray mountains. Travelers were looking for beauty. One man had a warm heart and the other had a cold heart. The travelers approached the gray stone. The man with a warm heart lit up his eyes with joy. He saw a beautiful flower in the gray stone. Another saw only a crack in the stone. A man with a warm heart spent many days chiseling and cutting the gray stone. And another man sat on the shore and looked at the sea. A flower of amazing beauty appeared from the stone. Man freed beauty from stone captivity! Only a person with a cold heart did not see beauty! (According to V. Sukhomlinsky)
Cards for individual work in the Russian language on the topic Declension of adjectives
Card 1
- Copy the sentence by inserting the missing letters. Write the case of adjectives together with nouns.
In the clear... sky, in the autumn... its chill... birds flew south.
2. Put the words near village in the prepositional case. Compose with
them a proposal.
- Copy it by inserting the words in brackets in the correct case. Indicate the case.
- The rays (summer sun) brightly illuminate (the nearby pine grove).
- The collective farm meadows were covered (green fresh grass).
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Card 2
- Copy the sentence by inserting the missing letters. Write the case of adjectives together with nouns.
Among the green oaks, red leaves of... wild... grapes were burning.
- Make up a sentence by putting the words top floor in the instrumental case.
- Copy it by inserting the words in brackets in the correct case. Indicate the case.
- From the (summer, hot sun) the tourists took refuge under the (mighty tree).
- (Early spring) the old man settled in his hut again.
Card 3
- Match the adjectives summer, winter, fresh with suitable nouns. Write them in the genitive, dative, instrumental and prepositional cases. Highlight the ending.
- Copy by inserting the missing endings. Determine the case of adjectives together with nouns.
I blew into the... grater and washed my face with coolness... spring... freshness....
- In the above sentence, parse the highlighted words according to their composition.
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Card 4
- Choose suitable nouns for the adjectives distant, lower, autumn. Write them in the genitive, dative, instrumental and prepositional cases. Highlight the ending.
- Write by inserting the missing letters. Determine the case of adjectives together with nouns.
The forest lake flashed in a yellowish-green frame of... mosses.
- In the above sentence, parse the highlighted words according to their composition.
Card 5
- Write down, adding endings and indicating the case of adjectives.
In front of a deep... abyss..., wash with hot... water..., through a dense... forest, on a nice... spring... day, a glass of hot... milk, in a near... city....
- Copy by inserting the missing endings. Please indicate the case.
An old moose cow came out to the edge of the forest with a little elk calf.
- Find and write down in the sentence given above the same root nouns with an unstressed vowel at the root. Write down the test word next to it. Sort them by composition.
Card 6
- Write down, adding endings, and indicate the case of adjectives.
The morning... sun, in the silver... in..., along the narrow... roads..., towards the near... field, about late... autumn..., from the spring... blue... sky.
- Copy by inserting the missing endings. Please indicate the case.
Something dark and long darted from the nearby bush to the side.
- Match the adjective highlighted above with words of the same root expressed as a noun and a verb. Write them down. Select the root.
Card 7
- Copy, putting adjectives in the correct case. Highlight their endings and indicate the case.
With (fresh) jam, in the (frosty) air, above the (top) floor, in the (fast) current, in a (warm, fur) sheepskin coat, behind the (distant, pine) forest.
- Copy by inserting the missing endings. Please indicate the case.
The smooth... road was covered with white... snow.
Card 8
- Copy, putting adjectives in the correct case. Highlight their endings and indicate the case.
In the (front) corner, in the (formidable, distant) north, with a (dexterous, agile) puppy, in the (bright) sun, with a (clumsy) bear cub, in a (dense) forest.
- Copy by inserting the missing endings. Please indicate the case.
Behind the rye... field in a flowering... meadow there were small... houses.
Card 9
- Copy and insert missing letters. Highlight the endings of adjectives, indicate gender and case.
Strong... morning... the frost froze the streams. The river flows wide... lengths... ravine. A kind person... a kind person... is remembered in a word. The cry of a quail comes from the nearby... rye... field.
2. Write down the phrases using an appropriate adjective.
Highlight the endings of the adjectives and indicate the case.
Surrounded by ______________ bushes, hidden in ___________________ bushes (dense, prickly).
A house with a __________________ window, I saw it on the __________________ window (big, beautiful).
Card 10
- Copy down phrases, insert and highlight the endings of adjectives, indicate gender and case.
On wet... ground, wet... ground, long... chain, in winter.... time, winter... sometimes, front... paw, front... paw, on the front... paw, morning... star, morning... star.
- Copy the text, correcting errors. Highlight the endings of the adjectives, indicate their gender and case.
Blue skies and fresh breezes beckoned for a walk. How nice it is early in the morning in the fox! A huge sun rolled out from behind the Dalek forest. A bird flew over a neighboring house and disappeared into a deep ravine.
Test dictations on the topic “Unstressed case endings of adjectives”
Dictation "Walk".
It was an amazing walk.
The mother and her sons walked in single file to a distant spring along a narrow path. The cold sky was shining. Magpies chattered loudly in the frosty silence. Squirrels were hiding in the thick cedar branches. The agile animals happily jumped from branch to branch. Under the trees, bird tracks were imprinted on the soft snow. A large mountain of snow fell from the top of an old spruce tree. It seemed to Huck that the whole earth consisted of a tall, dense forest. According to A. Gaidar. Word for reference: dense.
Dictation "Snow".
The view of winter nature was magnificent.
Frost drew moisture from tree branches and trunks. The bushes and trees were covered with shiny frost. The rays of the sun showered the entire area with a cold shine. The winter days were short. The frost began to subside. The clarity of the blue sky has faded. A puffy white cloud approached. Snow began to fall in large flakes. The long winter twilight was approaching. The sky was falling with fluff of snow. I was approaching the village. According to S. Aksakov. Words for reference: magnificent, twilight.
Types of declension of adjectives in Russian
Depending on which category the adjective belongs to, there are three types of its declension.
The first is the adjective; qualitative and relative adjectives in their full form are declined according to this type - green, clean. According to the second type , which is called pronominal, possessive adjectives are declined - mother, fox.
And the third includes adjectives that in all their forms are the same as in the initial one, that is, they do not decline khaki, metallic. And this declination is called zero. Indeclinable adjectives are considered a special group of words that are similar to nouns. It is very easy to confuse them with them, but it is important to differentiate. Usually these are borrowed words such as indigo, mini, beige.
Each of them has its own characteristics, but case questions always remain the same.
There are adjectives, such as sick, business travelers and the like, which have moved into the category of nouns, but they continue to decline according to the same system as when they belonged to another part of speech.
Test dictations on the topic “Unstressed endings of masculine and neuter adjectives.”
Proposal from dictation.
- Autumn foliage is a good place to hide for red squirrels and red foxes.
- The white lily gave off a subtle, refreshing aroma.
- We took an early bus to the nearest station.
- A sailboat moored to the right bank of a deep river.
- Before morning coffee, Valya did race walking.
- Dima launched a paper boat in a spring stream.
- To get a winter hat you had to climb to the very top shelf of the closet.
- An early June evening is a good time to walk in the summer garden.
- The last night in September turned out to be very warm.
- All night long the little kitten meowed in the attic.
- The older brother always helped the younger brother in his father's house.
- A mighty pine tree stands on the edge of a deep ravine.
- The hunter hit a very distant target with a well-aimed shot.
- A flexible thin willow rod is suitable for weaving a basket.
- The acrid smell of burning prevented firefighters from entering the neighboring apartment.
- It's nice to have a cup of hot coffee with a good person.
- Even a furry mechanical toy cannot escape the tenacious claw of a cat.
- The proud albatross on the ground becomes very clumsy.
- Beyond the narrow isthmus, an endless expanse of water opened up.
- The animal, which looked like a small marten, turned out to be a nimble ferret.
Suggestions from dictation.
- The mother was carrying the child in a stroller. She walked with him in the autumn park.
- The younger sister was assigned light work. She cleaned her soft sofa with a stiff brush.
- With a loud, sharp shot, the hunter scared an adult deer and a small fawn. They quickly rushed off into the dense thicket.
- Alice returned from the bakery with soft, fresh bread. She also carried an apple pie in her shopping bag.
- With a keen eye, the falcon even sees a nimble lizard. Even a small mouse cannot escape the feathered predator.
- A small pond in the village filled with muddy water after heavy rain. A village duck and a little duckling went to the pond.
- In early warm spring, a green leaf quickly hatches from a sticky bud on an aspen branch. Then, under the aspen tree, a fluffy head of a dandelion appears in the soft grass.
- After a strong hail, my grandmother's garden looked pitiful. Large ripe strawberries and beautiful tea roses were especially affected.
- It is dangerous to meet a wild animal on a path in a dense forest. In the forests of the middle zone, the most dangerous animal is the bear.
- With an easy stroll, Masha reached the new high-rise building. There she agreed with a friend about an important meeting.
- The teacher was not entirely satisfied with Dima's short answer. He demanded a full and detailed answer from him.
Test dictations on the topic “Unstressed endings of masculine and feminine adjectives”
Proposal from dictation.
- Behind the high hill a dense forest began.
- The last harvest of late potatoes was harvested from the fields.
- Early in the morning the bright sun appeared from behind the ridge.
- After a strong hurricane, a branch of a mighty oak tree broke.
- The bright beam of a flashlight illuminated our path.
- Mitya received a rare stone as a gift from his older brother.
- It was an early spring morning.
- The cocky little boy ran around the corner of the neighboring house.
- It is best to sleep in the fresh air under a light summer blanket in July.
- A dark forest and a clear deep lake are the motives of the paintings of the Russian artist.
- Every day a lively sparrow flies to the poultry yard to peck wheat grain.
- In a rural temple, every step echoes loudly.
- The barrel of water looks small, but is capacious.
- The fairy tale about the steadfast soldier was Dad’s favorite in his early childhood.
- The working day always began in the house with a loud ringing of the alarm clock.
- The children's summer camp was on the shore of a mountain lake.
- The boy’s impudent answer angered the armed man even more.
- At noon, shots are fired from a salvo cannon on the roof of the ancient castle.
- The nearest holiday was marked on the wall calendar.
- On a sunny winter day, the snow-white field sparkles.
Suggestions from dictation.
- A ravine appeared ahead. It was long and deep.
- The autumn wind rustles the leaves. The day is clear and beautiful.
- I am proud of the wide, endless expanse of forests and fields of my Motherland. The huge air space above them is difficult to take in with the eye.
- The sonorous voice of a child sounded for a long time under the high dome of the old temple. It resonated with the rebellious spirit of every visitor.
- A terrible landslide blocked the road on a mountain pass. The guide had to change the tourist route.
- The winter day was sunny but cold. The snow creaked under every step.
- The participation of each member of the sports club was stipulated. There was an unfamiliar participant in the right corner of the ring.
- A careful driver brings the trolleybus to the sidewalk at the stop. Everyone is happy with a good driver.
- Mix apple juice with cherry juice. The taste will be simply extraordinary!
- A flashing yellow light at a traffic light indicates a dangerous intersection. You need to be very careful!
- A caring grandson will not allow his grandmother to wash the floor. He will also give her the necessary medicine.
What is adjective declension?
The adjective as an independent part of speech changes according to gender, number and case.
Each adjective has three grammatical gender forms. Words of this part of speech take the gender form that the nouns they define have:
- Green Cape (m.r.);
- green grass (f.r.);
- green blanket (s.r.).
Adjectives of all categories change according to numbers:
- green meadow - green meadows;
- urban landscape - city outskirts;
- fox tail - fox tracks.
Important!
Only the full forms of adjectives change by case.
The change in cases of any independent nominal part of speech is called declension. Adjectives have grammatical forms of six cases in singular and plural, which differ in endings depending on gender and number.
Definition
Declension is the change of masculine, feminine and neuter adjectives in singular and plural forms.
Let's look at examples of how adjectives of three genders are declined in the singular form.
Masculine singular adjective declension
Here is an example of declension of masculine adjectives in the masculine singular form:
- And. n. (what?) cheerful clown, winter evening
- R. p. (what?) cheerful clown, winter evening
- d.p. (what?) cheerful clown, winter evening
- V. n. (what?) cheerful clown, (what?) winter evening
- etc. (what?) a cheerful clown, on a winter evening
- p.p. (about which one?) about a cheerful clown, about a winter evening
If an animate noun is defined by a masculine adjective, then the endings of the accusative and genitive cases coincide:
- will catch a black goose (v.p.) - wings of a black goose (r.p.).
If a masculine adjective is combined with an inanimate noun, then it has the same endings for the accusative and nominative cases:
- I’ll buy a black phone (v.p.) - black phone (i.p.).
Masculine adjectives ending in -ой have stressed endings in all cases:
Night watch - night watch, night watch, night watch, night watch, about the night watch.
Feminine singular adjective declension
Let's observe how adjectives in the singular feminine form change by case:
- And. n. (what?) bright room, spring foliage
- R. n. (what?) bright room, spring foliage
- d.p. (what?) bright room, spring foliage
- V. n. (what?) bright room, spring foliage
- etc. (which?) bright room, spring foliage
- p.p. (about which one?) about a bright room, about spring foliage
Neuter singular adjective declension
Let's see what case endings the neuter singular adjectives have:
- And. n. (what?) deep lake, autumn sky
- R. n. (what?) deep lake, autumn sky
- d.p. (which?) deep lake, autumn sky
- V. n. (what?) deep lake, autumn sky
- etc. (what?) deep lake, autumn sky
- p.p. (about which?) about a deep lake, about the autumn sky
Plural adjectives have the same endings for all three genders.
Declension of adjectives in the plural
- And. n. (what?) loud sounds, sonorous songs, late apples
- R. n. (what?) loud sounds, sonorous songs, late apples
- d.p. (what?) loud sounds, ringing songs, late apples
- V. n. (what?) loud sounds, sonorous songs, late apples
- I see (what?) true friends
- etc. (what?) loud sounds, ringing songs, late apples
- p.p. (about which ones?) about loud sounds, about ringing songs, about late apples
