The use of pedagogical technologies in physical education lessons.

Information and communication technologies of physical culture

It is impossible to imagine a modern pedagogical system without the use of various information technologies. Information resources are actively being introduced into the theoretical and practical educational sphere. Computer technologies open up wide opportunities and additional information support to improve the quality of education and its effectiveness.

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Internet technologies allow:

1. Simplify the preparation of programs for conducting physical education classes, developing plans, methods for implementing the content of the lesson;
2. Use electronic educational and methodological aids as visual aids;
3. Use computer animation and illustrations to build curricula and programs;
4. Search for the required information on the Internet;
5. Share experiences through online space and communities;
6. Take part in the work of communities of teachers in physical education and sports;
7. Watch videos of physical education classes;
8. Prepare presentations for visual assimilation of theoretical data on physical culture.

Note 2

At the same time, modern information technologies can be combined (and even need it) with traditional methods of organizing physical education lessons.

Using ICT in physical education lessons: examples and benefits

The modern stage of education dictates new working conditions. For many centuries, the process of transferring knowledge and experience took place through personal communication. Over time, we began to receive the bulk of our knowledge from books. However, a book does not always replace dialogue and provide an opportunity to visualize, see and understand what is written in it. Now is the age of high computer technology. This means that the use of information and communication technologies in school is an objective and completely natural process.

The combination of education with information and communication technologies has, in comparison with traditional education, a number of advantages, among which is the intensification of the analytical activity of students.

Each subject has its own specifics, but the general principle is that the teacher’s task is to create conditions for the practical acquisition of knowledge. Applying this principle to a physical education lesson, it can be noted that the teacher’s task is to choose teaching methods that would allow each student to show their activity, their creativity, and intensify motor and cognitive activity. Therefore, a modern physical education lesson benefits significantly from the use of new information technologies.

Each student should gain during his studies the knowledge that he will need in later life. At the same time, the teacher must work in such a way that teaching does not cause harm to health. An important role is given to health-saving technologies, the purpose of which is to develop the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities for a healthy lifestyle, and the development of motor abilities that are so necessary in life. The lack of movement of schoolchildren can only be covered by physical education and sports, and in a school setting these are physical education lessons, sections on various sports, as well as outdoor games.

Information technologies can significantly increase the effectiveness of physical culture and health activities , stimulate personal interest, increase interest in one’s own health and abilities and demonstrate opportunities for their further development. A variety of illustrative materials, multimedia and interactive models raise the learning process to a whole new level. It cannot be discounted that a modern child is much more interested in perceiving information in this form than with the help of outdated diagrams and tables.

When using a computer in a lesson, information is presented not as a static unsound picture, but as dynamic videos and sounds, which significantly increases the efficiency of learning the material.

According to the physical education program at school, the foundations of the technique of specific actions in various sports are laid. This could be throwing a basketball, receiving a volleyball, finishing in athletics, etc. Learning a motor action can effectively begin with a demonstration of the technique of the element being studied. This goal is perfectly realized through the use of various presentations. Students' viewing of motor action techniques creates a basis for theoretical knowledge and promotes the development of logical and imaginative thinking. And the use of a color effect allows you to recreate the real technique of movements and contributes to a faster assimilation of educational material.

In physical education lessons, the use of an interactive whiteboard makes it possible to facilitate the learning process in technically complex sports (volleyball, basketball). The teacher, working with the board, has the opportunity, breaking the technical technique into slides, to show them at the speed with which it is necessary for detailed study and understanding in a given class. Using a marker on the board during slide shows, you can draw arrows in the direction of movement of the legs, arms, and torso. As a result, it is possible to analyze errors and violations of the rules of the game. You can use arrows to suggest the flight of the ball if the arms and legs are not working correctly. This method of teaching technical actions and techniques is very effective, visual and appealing to students.

The results of using an interactive whiteboard in physical education lessons are:

• absolute accessibility for any physical fitness;
• students' interest in learning techniques;
• application of this knowledge and skills in life (on vacation, in summer camps);

The mental activity of schoolchildren in physical education classes using a computer will contribute to the rapid assimilation of theoretical material , and the acquisition of knowledge and motor skills will become more intense and diverse.

The influence of the frequency of use of information and communication technologies on the effectiveness of the learning process is observed. It is due to the fact that information and communication technologies influence the evaluative and motivational sphere of the individual. If ICTs are used very rarely, then each use turns into an emergency event and creates increased emotional arousal in students, which interferes with the perception and assimilation of educational material. On the contrary, using ICT too frequently for many lessons in a row leads to a loss of interest in it .

The optimal frequency and duration of the use of ICT in the educational process are determined by the age of the students and the appropriateness of their use in the cognitive activity of schoolchildren. It is more correct to use ICT at the beginning of studying each section of the physical education program to develop a visual image of the studied motor actions and consolidate associative thinking.

During the entire course of physical education in secondary school, several stages can be distinguished in the development of sports and computer skills by students.

• Stage I - visual (grades 5–7) - involves students viewing the techniques of motor actions of great athletes, assembling a holistic motor action from elements.

These exercises promote the development of abstract, figurative thinking. Students get the opportunity to compose holistic motor actions from individual elements, and successfully transfer theoretical knowledge on performing exercises to practice.

• Stage II - technical (grades 8–9) - involves the use of video equipment (cameras, cameras) to film a motor action, and then study and process it in detail.

Schoolchildren develop skills in working with video equipment and a PC, analytical thinking, and the children get the opportunity to study in detail the technique of motor action.

• Stage III - analytical (grades 10-11) - high school students learn to make decisions based on data analysis, rearrange motor action depending on conditions (lesson, competition, resistance activities), they develop adequate self-esteem.

The use of information and communication technologies is possible at all stages of the lesson.

When learning new material, the teacher coordinates, directs, manages and organizes the educational process, and the material itself is “explained” by the computer instead. With the help of video, sound and text, the student gets an idea of ​​the motor action being studied, learns to model the sequence of movements, identifies errors and independently eliminates them, which makes the lesson more meaningful and exciting.

At the stage of consolidating knowledge, the computer allows you to solve the problem of a traditional lesson - individual recording of knowledge, and also contributes to the correction of acquired skills and abilities in each specific case.

At the stage of repetition in the computer version, students solve various problem situations. As a result, all students are included in the mental activity of improving motor action. The degree of their independence in mastering the material is regulated by the teacher.

Computer knowledge control has a number of advantages compared to traditional ones, which are as follows:

• an individual approach is used;
• different speeds at which students complete tasks are taken into account;
• exercises are differentiated by degree of difficulty;
• the objectivity of assessment increases;
• A detailed picture of students’ successes and mistakes is recorded.

The forms of control are: self-control, mutual control, creative application of acquired knowledge in practice.

As homework, each student can receive a set of motor action elements (running, jumping, etc.), from which he must create entire sports compositions based on the material covered.

One of the most widespread forms of extracurricular work in physical education is the Olympiad in the subject “Physical Education” . The main feature of the Olympiad is its close connection with the educational material of the school curriculum and the simultaneous verification of the quality of its mastery by schoolchildren under the harsh conditions of competitive testing. Therefore, the role of using ICT in preparing for the Olympiad in the subject “physical education” is currently increasing.

The number of technical innovations and software developments is constantly growing. The teacher's knowledge and experience are regularly updated. In the classroom, to solve his problems, the teacher can use various types of computer programs and electronic resources for educational purposes:

• information and reference material : to access the necessary educational information using the Internet.
• training programs : they form and consolidate skills and abilities, and are also used for self-training of students. These programs are used when the theoretical material has already been mastered.
• syllabi : used primarily to explain new material.
• demonstration programs : for visual demonstration of educational material of a descriptive nature, various visual aids (paintings, photographs, video clips, posters). Demonstration programs help the teacher to clearly show one or another starting position in static form. Because It is often inconvenient to show and tell at the same time. Physical culture covers an unlimited variety of movements, positions, exercises, including those that are not entirely typical for a person’s everyday life, so it has its own special terminology. Here are diagrams of how students are positioned and re-formed in formation. Visual aids help students navigate better.
• monitoring programs: to monitor the level of knowledge and skills. These programs represent a variety of test tasks in test form. They are used as an individual approach and record a detailed picture of students’ successes and mistakes.

The use of information and communication technologies in a physical education lesson allows us to solve one of the important tasks of teaching - to increase the level of knowledge of students. Lessons allow you to defuse high emotional tension and revitalize the learning process, increasing learning motivation.

The methodologically justified use of computer technologies in combination with traditional forms of organizing educational activities makes it possible to develop the cognitive skills of research activities, the creative abilities of students, creates a favorable psychological climate in the classroom, develops in schoolchildren the ability to work with information, and develop communication abilities.

About the author: Filimonov Alexander Alexandrovich, teacher of physical education and sports, Salym Secondary School No. 2.

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Health-saving technologies

The use of such technologies in the educational process is aimed at maintaining and preserving the health of students and preventing various diseases. Currently, a healthy lifestyle is actively promoted in schools. In this regard, physical education lessons teach the skills of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, familiarization with its positive aspects and the negative consequences of failure to follow this concept. Students must acquire theoretical knowledge and learn to apply it in practice. In addition, children are taught hygiene skills and their importance is emphasized.

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Health-saving technologies have an important role in physical education and upbringing of the younger generation. Technologies are based on the age specificity of students’ cognitive activity, optimal use of motor and static loads, providing a clear example of a teacher and other visual aids.

Health-saving technologies in physical education lessons include:

Viewing the results of medical examination of students; Taking into account the results of examinations when constructing a physical education lesson; Assisting parents in creating a normal family climate that supports the child’s health; Formation of conditions for physical education classes that ensure students’ interest and desire for physical activities and sports.

The use of modern educational technologies in physical education lessons

The use of the competitive-game method in the educational process in physical education allows us to achieve higher levels of physical development and training of students, and make the classes themselves more interesting and emotional. It helps to enliven lessons, and most importantly, to solve the main problem of physical activity of students of any age and gender.

COMPETITIVE TECHNOLOGY

The purpose of using technology is to stimulate maximum manifestation of motor abilities.

Description of the procedure for using (application) technology in practical professional activities:

Each physical education lesson uses elements of competitive technology:

- when improving various motor actions, competitive methods are used - the student uses the learned action to increase physical fitness indicators. For example, mastering the technique of a high start, starting acceleration, running along a distance and finishing allows you to increase the speed of completing your stage in relay competitions.

—in volleyball, basketball, etc. classes. The competitive method must be used during the educational game for:

*increasing the emotional focus of the lesson,

*increasing interest in the game,

*increasing motivation to improve technical and tactical skills and develop physical qualities.

- the competitive method is very effective in attracting students to engage in physical education and sports outside of school hours - children willingly participate in competitions between classes of the gymnasium, actively cheer for the teams of their classmates, which contributes to a more responsible attitude towards the subject “physical education” and increases the children’s desire for self-improvement

- when taking control tests, the use of competitive technology makes it possible to achieve higher levels of physical fitness and helps students gain confidence in their abilities.

The result of using technology: increased motivation to study the subject, a tool for forming a school sports team.

project work on the topic: “Health-saving technologies in the educational process as a key competence of a teacher”

Yandex.Direct

The main lifestyle factors that negatively affect the health of the population are: psycho-emotional stress, poor nutrition, alcohol abuse, smoking, low physical activity, and drug use. The key problems in this regard are: 1) creating a culture of health; 2) increasing the prestige of health and responsibility for maintaining one’s own health. Fundamental question: “Competence is when you know everything?” Problematic questions: 1. Competencies or competence? 2. Are competencies a ZUN? 3. Is it possible to develop competencies without the concept of pedagogical technology? 4. Is protecting student health a key competency? In order to answer problematic questions, you first need to pose the basic question “Competence is when you know everything?” The concept of “teacher competence” To successfully work on the problem, let’s get acquainted with the definitions of “teacher competence” by scientists and teachers. The concept of “competence” is used to describe the end result of learning; the concept of competence takes on the meaning “I know how”, in contrast to the previously accepted guideline in pedagogy “I know what”. N.I. Almazova defines competencies as knowledge and skills in a certain field of human activity, and competence is the high-quality use of competencies. Another definition of competence was given by N.N. Nechaev: “A thorough knowledge of one’s business, the essence of the work being performed, complex connections, phenomena and processes, possible ways and means of achieving the intended goals.” others note that the concepts of “knowledge”, “abilities”, “skills” do not accurately characterize the concept of “competence”, since, in their opinion, “competence” presupposes the possession of knowledge, abilities, skills and life experience. Does “competencies are skills” mean? ZUN is the basis of the educational process, and competence is the basis of practical activity. After students have consistently mastered the educational material, the child acquires competence. He reaches a certain level of productive activity. Once a student has reached a certain level, it means that ZUN helped him to be successful and achieve certain results. Is it possible to master knowledge, abilities, skills, and develop competence without the concept of “pedagogical technology?” Currently, the concept of “pedagogical technology” has firmly entered the pedagogical lexicon. Technology (explanatory dictionary) is a set of techniques used in some business, skill, art. Thus, “pedagogical technology” functions both as a science that explores the most rational ways of teaching, and as a system of methods, principles used in teaching, and as a real learning process. Among the range of pedagogical technologies, we highlight health-saving technologies as key ones. They are most significant in terms of their impact on the health of students. Their main feature is the use of psychological and pedagogical techniques, methods, and approaches to solving emerging problems. Their implementation achieves the goal in full only when all school teachers realize their joint responsibility for preserving the health of children and receive the necessary professional training to work in this direction. Health-saving technologies include: ensuring psychological comfort for students, support in learning difficulties, alternating stress and relaxation, taking into account individual learning needs. Health-saving technologies integrate all areas of the school’s work to preserve, develop and strengthen the health of students. Health-saving technologies are ways to manage a supportive educational environment that eliminates stressors, prevents a decrease in learning motivation, and preserves the psychomatic health of students. The object of pedagogical activity (including in conditions of health-saving technology) is not only the student himself, but the conditions that need to be created by the teacher and other participants in the educational process for the development of the student (his activity, independence, initiative, interests) for the formation of his subjective position and organization of an educational environment conducive to this. Health conservation acts as one of the tasks of the educational process in my work. Achieving this goal can be achieved with the help of health-saving pedagogy technologies, which are considered as a set of techniques and methods for organizing the educational process without harming the health of schoolchildren and teachers. Possessing modern pedagogical knowledge, in close cooperation with students, with their parents, with medical workers, with colleagues, I plan my work taking into account the priorities of preserving and strengthening the health of participants in the pedagogical process. The health-saving educational process in our school is actively implemented in the form of the “School of Health” program. The work of the educational institution under the project is aimed at creating favorable conditions for preserving and strengthening the health of school students, to develop an attitude towards a healthy lifestyle as one of the main ways to achieve success. Health-saving technologies in physical education lessons. I have been working at the Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School 108” for 31 years. physical education teacher 14. Over the years of teaching activity, vast experience has been accumulated, many methods have been tested, and our own methodological system has developed. The key idea of ​​my methodology: every physical education lesson should benefit the health of every child. The main direction of my work is physical education and health, which is implemented by using a work development program, diagnosing the level of knowledge, abilities, skills, taking into account the personal achievements of students, and providing freedom of choice in ways to participate in extracurricular activities. The goal of my professional activity as a physical education teacher is to strengthen and preserve the health of students through physical education. Health-saving technologies used in my lessons: 1. Alternation of activities. A variety of forms of organizing a lesson, alternating mental and physical activity of students is one of the ways to increase the effectiveness of the lesson. I alternate between theory and practice. 2. Favorable, friendly atmosphere in the classroom. The lesson should be educational and interesting. During the lesson, I always pay attention to the physical and psychological state of the children, I look at how they perceive the teacher’s tasks, how they evaluate his work. I present demands and comments only in a friendly manner. 3. Dosage of tasks. The main thing when performing exercises is to avoid overloading students. 4. Individual approach to each child. Children are very different, but the teacher must make his lessons interesting. To do this, I propose to create a situation of success for each student, to give all children the right to choose a sport. 5. Outdoor activities. It is known that children are very susceptible to colds, so one of my tasks is to increase the resistance of the child’s body to such diseases. Hardening the body becomes an effective remedy against colds. I rely on natural hardening factors and spend most of my physical education lessons outdoors. 6. Educational orientation of the lesson. The educational effect of physical education lessons is also achieved due to the possibilities of an individually differentiated approach to the development of the qualities of each student and the formation of a value-based attitude towards their health. My pedagogical philosophy: fullness of life through the development of a healthy lifestyle, healthy thoughts, healthy desires, healthy family. In my deep conviction, a physical education teacher is not only a lesson teacher. Without constant communication with children, the teacher’s authority cannot grow and strengthen, respect for his subject cannot be achieved, and a conscious attitude towards the formation of a healthy lifestyle cannot be achieved. In my work, I focus on the development of the student’s personality, on creating a situation in which the student is aimed at creative search and self-determination. I pay a lot of attention to developing practical skills needed in different life situations. The principles of my work: 1. Constantly work on myself in order to have the right to teach others. “The teacher himself must be educated.” 2. Respect the personality of each child. 3. Organize active student work. My motto: there are no capable and incapable, but there are hardworking and lazy people in physical education. One of the tasks of the school’s physical culture and health activities is organizing students’ leisure time. I pay special attention to crime prevention and working with children from disadvantaged families. Involving students in clubs and sections, preventive work with adolescents and families, conversations about the dangers of alcoholism, smoking, and drug addiction are effective forms of educational work for physical education teachers. In the formation of a comprehensively developed personality of a child in the educational process, an important place belongs to the organization and holding of sports events. These events are aimed at developing students’ conscious choice of a healthy lifestyle, instilling positive moral qualities and family values. The sports holidays “Dad, Mom, Me – a Sports Family” and “Fun Starts” have become traditional. Healthy lifestyle through additional education Every quarter, our school holds Health Days, which carry a large charge of positive energy aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle among teenagers and significantly increase the child’s physical activity. Extracurricular sports activities are also thoughtful and varied. Traditionally, the school hosts sports competitions in athletics, basketball, volleyball, cross-country skiing, and a chess tournament. In the summer, the functioning of the school moves into a new qualitative state, the expression of which is the school day camp “Friendly Family”. Today, a lot depends on the teacher himself, on his pedagogical skills, on his desire and interest in the results of his work. If you don’t educate yourself, you are a bad teacher, but if you only educate yourself, you are not a teacher at all,” says one of the professional commandments teachers Conclusion It has been proven that only a healthy person, possessing good health, optimism, psychological stability, a high level of mental and physical performance, is able to live actively, overcome professional and everyday difficulties, and achieve success in the modern, dynamic world. Thus, the key competence of a teacher, in particular a physical education teacher, is to preserve and strengthen the health of students. The child will have a long, and, I hope, happy life. Success in it depends both on his talents and strong-willed abilities. Talents are genetically predetermined, and volitional abilities are developed qualities. Physical culture develops them the most. Physical education should become a universal means of healing. Currently, the leading directions in the work on physical education are: - creating conditions that promote the formation of healthy lifestyle skills, maintaining and strengthening the physical and psychological health of students through physical culture and sports; — formation of a person’s physical culture, taking into account their individual abilities, health status and motivation; — improvement of medical and pedagogical control over the organization of physical education. Pedagogical analysis of the implementation of modern requirements that ensure the development of physical culture. Work in these areas is socially significant, since a physically healthy person is protected, active, and self-confident. He is competitive both physically and, as a result, in terms of intellectual development. This is how, day after day, step by step, you need to apply health-saving educational technologies in your work. Teach children to protect their health and take care of it. Organize interesting holidays, matinees, hikes. All these activities teach children to take care of their health and help them practically apply the acquired knowledge in the classroom.

Technologies focused on the development of physical qualities

Note 3

These technologies are based on taking into account the physical data and abilities of children. Classes are conducted separately, in groups with weak, medium and high levels of physical fitness

Organizing a training session in groups with a weaker level of preparation perform tasks of a smaller volume and complexity, so completion is carried out quickly enough to leave more time for rest. In strong groups, on the contrary, more complex tasks are given that take longer periods of time. They are focused on endurance and therefore do not require long rest.

Focusing on the individual characteristics of students, it is possible to use cards with personal tasks for individual students.

Technologies for teaching motor skills

These technologies involve the construction of training in motor actions with the ability to select operations for various motor tasks. Each student has the right to master a specific motor skill by choosing priority operations. This is the foundation for the development of his personal, productive style of activity.

The details and techniques of performing the exercises are divided according to the complexity and degree of development of the student groups. To perform a particular exercise efficiently, all elements are integrated in various ways, depending on the degree of physical fitness of the students.

The technology is focused on teaching each student certain motor skills, and therefore involves assistance in mastering the technique of performing the exercise, individual work with individual students.