Economics Grade 9 Lesson 1 Matveeva Vera Petrovna. Lesson topic: Why do you need to study economics? Resources. Main issues of economics. Lesson objectives: form. - presentation

GIA in social studies, grade 9 Topic 3. Economics, part 1 questions from the codifier. - presentation

GIA in social studies, grade 9 Topic 3. Economics, part 1 questions from the codifier

— Economy, its role in the life of society — Goods and services, resources and needs, limited resources — Economic systems and property — Production, labor productivity. Division of labor and specialization - Exchange, trade - Market and market mechanism Codifier questions Additional reference materials that open when you click on this icon

Economics, its role in the life of society Economics is: a management system that provides society with material and intangible benefits. a science that studies how people satisfy their growing needs in conditions of limited resources. The main role of the economy in the life of society is to provide people with the material conditions for their existence.

Production Distribution Exchange Consumption Economy, its role in the life of society Components of the economy

Economics, its role in the life of society Macroeconomics is a science that studies such large-scale economic phenomena as: 1) economic growth; 2) inflation; 3)unemployment; 4) competition; 5) taxes; 6) GDP 7) international trade, etc. Microeconomics is a science that studies the activities of economic units, such as: 1) family farms; 2) firms; 3) state enterprises and institutions, etc.

Economics, its role in the life of society Task C1 (dated 2010). Read the text (fragment) and complete the task (in the structure of the entire task - C2). In the economy of the state, a distinction is usually made between macro and micro levels. Macroeconomics is the economy of a large scale: the state as a whole, the region, and economic sectors. Microeconomics - the level of individual households: household, personal and family, firms. Of course, macro- and microeconomics are closely interconnected; it is difficult to draw a clear boundary between them. The economy of the state as a whole is determined by the economic situation of the many enterprises that make it up. On the other hand, macroeconomic factors determine the economic situation of individual enterprises. The level of unemployment and inflation, and government economic policy have a significant impact on the work of firms. What levels of the economy are mentioned in the text? How do you understand their relationship?

Economics, its role in the life of society The correct answer must contain the following elements: 1) levels of the state economy: macro- and microlevel (macroeconomics and microeconomics); 2) an explanation of their relationship, for example: macroeconomic indicators influence the activities of firms and households, and they, in turn, work more or less effectively, comply with laws, pay taxes, are consumers, etc., that is, they influence economic development the state as a whole. Elements of the answer can be given in other formulations that are similar in meaning.

Goods and services, resources and needs, limited resources A service is the result of useful activities of enterprises (organizations) and individuals aimed at meeting certain needs of the population and society. A product is a product of labor produced for sale on the market. Product properties: 1) Satisfies people's need for something; 2) Has a certain relationship with other goods, in accordance with which goods can be exchanged.

Goods and services, resources and needs, limited resources Resources - cash, values, supplies, opportunities, sources of funds, income. Factors of production are resources involved in the production process. Economic needs are internal motives that motivate economic activity. Goods are means that satisfy needs. Factors of production Labor LandCapital Entrepreneurship Factors of production (reference)

Goods and services, resources and needs, limited resources Limited resources are the insufficiency of the resources available to people to produce goods capable of satisfying the growing needs of man and society. Resources are limited The main questions of economics What should be produced How should it be produced Who will be the consumer Needs are limitless

Goods and services, resources and needs, limited resources Task A1 (as of 2012). Which of the following refers to factors (resources) of production? 1) profit 2) labor 3) taxes 4) wages

Goods and services, resources and needs, limited resources Task A2 (dated 2010). The company built greenhouses on a rented plot of land, where it grows vegetables and herbs throughout the year. The company's products are supplied to large stores in the city. Labor as a production resource includes (are) 1) a plot of land 2) employees of the company 3) manufactured products 4) greenhouses and equipment

Goods and services, resources and needs, limited resources Task A3 (as of 2012). Are the following statements about resource limitations correct? A. The problem of limited resources can be completely solved by modern science. B. Limited resources are associated with the growing needs of society. 1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

Economic systems and property An economic system is a system of social production, covering the processes of production, distribution, exchange and consumption. Property is the ownership of things, material and spiritual values ​​by certain persons. Legal content PossessionUseDisposition Types of property (reference)

Economic systems and property Traditional economy is an economic system whose distinctive features are: 1) extremely primitive technologies; 2) the predominance of manual labor; 3) all key economic problems are solved in accordance with age-old customs; 4) communal ownership of the means of production; 5) the organization and management of economic life is carried out on the basis of decisions of the council.

Economic systems and property Command (centralized) economy is a system whose distinctive features are: 1) state ownership of almost all economic resources; 2) strong monopolization and bureaucratization of the economy; 3) centralized, directive economic planning as the basis of the economic mechanism; 4) direct management of all enterprises from a single center; 5) the state fully controls the production and distribution of products; 6) command and administrative methods in economic activity.

Economic systems and property Market economy is an economic system, the distinctive features of which are: 1) A variety of forms of ownership, among which the leading place is occupied by private property in its various types; 2) Limited government intervention in the economy; 3) Changes in the structure of production and consumption (increasing role of services); 4) Self-regulation of the economy by market factors.

Economic systems and property A mixed economic system is a way of organizing economic life based on the use of various forms of ownership; economic issues are resolved by both the market and the state. Market economy Main advantages Main disadvantages - stimulates high entrepreneurship and efficiency; - more rights and opportunities for consumers, etc. - increases inequality in society; — instability in the economy; - do not care about creating public goods, etc.

Economic systems and property Assignment A4 (dated 2011). Country Z recognizes and protects various forms of ownership. In their activities, companies focus on consumer demand. What type of economic systems can the economy of country Z be classified as? 1) planned 2) market 3) command 4) traditional

Economic systems and property Task A5 (dated 2012). In country Z there is commodity production and money circulation. What additional information would allow us to conclude that the economy of country Z is a market economy? 1) The state sets the amount of wages for workers. 2) The Ministry of Finance decides how to use the profits. 3)Minor workers are provided with preferential working conditions. 4) The manufacturer independently determines what and how much to produce.

Economic systems and property Assignment A6 (dated 2010). Are the following statements about a market economy correct? A. The basis of a market economy is the principle of freedom of economic activity. B. The conditions for the existence of a market economy include state ownership of factors of production. 1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are incorrect

Production, labor productivity. Division of labor and specialization Production is the process of creating material goods and services in order to satisfy the needs of society. Labor productivity is a measure (measurement) of labor efficiency, measured by the amount of products produced by an employee per unit of time. Factors influencing labor productivity (help)

Production, labor productivity. Division of labor and specialization Division of labor is the division of the production process into a number of separate operations, stages, performed by different workers. Specialization is the concentration of activities on relatively narrow areas, production operations or types of products. Increased labor productivity Better satisfaction of human and social needs

Exchange, trade Trade is the activity of people in carrying out commodity exchange and acts of purchase and sale. Exchange is the transfer by a participant of economic activity of the goods at his disposal to another participant in order to receive other benefits from him. Forms of trade (reference) International trade is a system of international commodity-money relations, consisting of foreign trade of all countries of the world.

Market and market mechanism Market is the totality of all relations, as well as forms and organizations of cooperation between people with each other, relating to the purchase and sale of goods and services. The main features of the market: 1. Unregulated supply - the manufacturer himself decides what, how, how much and for whom to produce; 2. Unregulated demand - the consumer himself determines what, how and how much to buy; 3.Unregulated price - prices are determined on the market and depend on supply and demand. Market functions (help) Types of markets (help)

Market and market mechanism Demand is the desire of people to purchase this or that product, certain benefits. Quantity demand is the quantity of goods and services that a buyer is willing and able to purchase at a given price in a given period of time. Law of demand - an increase in price usually leads to a decrease in the quantity demanded, and vice versa (inverse relationship). Non-price factors of demand (reference)

Market and market mechanism Offer is the desire or intention of the seller to offer his goods or services for sale. The quantity supplied is the quantity of goods and services that sellers are willing to offer to the market in a given period of time and in a given place at a certain level of the market price for this product or service. The law of supply - an increase in the price of a product (service) usually leads to an increase in the quantity supplied, and vice versa (direct relationship). Non-price supply factors (reference)

Market and market mechanism Market equilibrium is the state of the market when supply and demand are equal. Competition is rivalry between participants in a market economy for the best conditions for the production and purchase and sale of goods. Types of market competition (help)

Market and market mechanism Assignment A7 (as of 2009). During spring sales in different cities around the world, consumers actively purchase clothes and shoes from old collections. Buyers often arrive at store doors long before opening and line up in long lines. What economic phenomenon is manifested in this fact? 1) inflation 2) supply 3) cooperation 4) demand

Sources 1) Bogolyubov L.N., Gorodetsky N.I. Social science. 8th grade: textbook for general education institutions. M.: Education, 2010; 2) Demonstration options for state inspection tests. FIPI, years; 3)Zarubin V.G. and others. Social science. Handbook for preparation for GIA-9 and Unified State Exam. Rostov n/a: Legion, 2011; 4) Kotova O.A. Social studies: thematic training tasks: 9th grade. M.: Eksmo, 2010; 5) Kravchenko A.I. Social studies: a textbook for the 8th grade of general education institutions. M.: Russian Word, 2010; 6) Krayushkina S.V. Social science. Answers to exam papers, grade 9. M.: Exam, 2009; 7)Markin S.A. GIA. Social studies: comprehensive training. M.: Irispress, 2012; 8) Materials from the personal website of the teacher of the highest category in social studies Valery Pavlovich Danilov

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