MBOU "Nizhnezhuravskaya secondary school"
Form: round table.
Goals:
-introduce parents to possible problems of adaptation of children in the first year of education and aspects of education during the adaptation period;
-develop recommendations for creating a system of comfortable relationships with a first-grader;
-give recommendations to parents on organizing the daily routine of a first-grader
Participants : parents of first-graders, class teacher, school psychologist, medical worker.
Design, equipment and inventory:
1) in the center of the table there is a daisy made of paper, on the petals of which positive and negative emotions and feelings are written.
2) instructions for parents;
3) writing on the interactive board the theme of the meeting, epigraph:
The root of learning is bitter,
Yes, its fruit is sweet.
Russian folk proverb.
Progress of the meeting.
I Organizational part. Opening speech by the class teacher.
Entering school is a turning point in the life of every child. The start of school radically changes his entire lifestyle. The carelessness, carefreeness, and immersion in play characteristic of preschoolers are replaced by a life filled with many demands, responsibilities and restrictions: now the child must go to school every day, work systematically and hard, follow a daily routine, obey various norms and rules of school life, fulfill the requirements of the teacher, engage in the lesson that is determined by the school curriculum, achieve good results in academic work, etc. During this same period of life, at the age of 7, the entire psychological appearance of the child changes, his personality, cognitive and mental capabilities, sphere of emotions and experiences, and social circle are transformed. In order to adapt a seven-year-old child to a new social role and new relationships with others, in order to form adequate communicative behavior of a junior schoolchild, adults need to know the child’s already formed communicative behavior, learn to understand and correctly build their relationships with children. The purpose of our meeting today is to acquaint everyone who is not indifferent to the lives of their children, their experiences and difficulties, with the various problems of adaptation of a modern schoolchild.
II Parental workshop-game “Chamomile of emotions and feelings.”
(Calm music sounds).
Dear moms and dads! In front of you is a chamomile flower, on the petals of which are written a wide variety of feelings: positive and negative that a person can experience. After your child crossed the school threshold, feelings and emotions settled firmly in your soul, in your heart, and filled your entire existence. Think and take the petal on which is written the “feeling” that has overwhelmed you most for a long period of time. Parents choose a “feeling,” think about their choice, name it, justifying what caused it.
Processing of the obtained results. The task allows you to focus on the importance of the event, identify problems and difficulties that arise in families, and discuss these problems while considering the topic of the meeting.
III What is adaptation? Speech by the class teacher.
Adaptation is a natural state of a person, manifested in adaptation (getting used to) to new living conditions, new social contacts, new social roles. The significance of this period of entering an unusual life situation for children is manifested in the fact that not only the success of mastering educational activities, but the comfort of staying at school, the emotional health of the child, his attitude towards school and learning depend on the well-being of its course.
Numerous “can”, “cannot”, “must”, “should”, “correctly” fall like an avalanche on the first grader. These rules are related both to the organization of school life itself and to the inclusion of the child in educational activities that are new to him.
Norms and rules sometimes run counter to the child’s immediate desires and motivations. You need to adapt to these norms. Most first grade students cope with this task quite successfully. However, starting school is a very stressful time for every child. All children, along with overwhelming feelings of joy, delight or surprise about everything that happens at school, experience anxiety, confusion, and tension. In the first days (weeks) of attending school, a first-grader’s body’s resistance decreases, sleep and appetite may be disturbed, the temperature may rise, and chronic diseases may worsen. Children seem to be capricious and cry for no reason.
A period of adaptation to school, associated with adaptation to its basic requirements, exists for all first-graders. Only for some it lasts a month, for others it lasts a quarter, for others it lasts for the entire first academic year. Much here depends on the individual characteristics of the child himself, on his prerequisites for mastering educational activities. The first year of schooling sometimes determines the child’s entire subsequent school life. During this period, the student, under the guidance of adults, takes extremely important steps in his development. Much along this path depends on the parents of first-graders.
IV Speech by a school psychologist.
Psychological exercise “Getting to know each other.”
Parents work according to the scheme: My name is..., I am mother..., name 3 positive qualities of their child.
Getting acquainted with the diagnostic results. (at the beginning of the school year)
— Diagnostic results show that one of the reasons for school maladjustment is infantilism (observed in 78% of children)
“What is infantilism?”
Infantilism is a delay in physical and spiritual development at the childhood stage (manifestation of a naive approach in everyday life and in politics).
Causes:
- congenital pathology - 15%
- peculiarities of upbringing in the family (overprotection, hypoprotection) - 85%
Manifestations:
1.childhood (desired state of mind - eternal holiday, play)
2.disregard for the spiritual
3. sports problem solving (punch someone in the eye, snatch a bad grade from a diary)
4. chooses things that are easier, more interesting, where there is no responsibility
5.prefers to talk about his rights
6. emotions are superficial and stormy
7. artistic
8 prone to emotional decisions
9. high suicidal tendencies
10. suggestible (they very quickly recover from alcoholism, drug addiction and immediately after leaving the clinic they start drinking and injecting drugs)
11. prone to extreme sports
Statistics:
— among juvenile offenders, every fifth child is an infant;
— among adult offenders, 50% are infantile;
- among drug addicts and alcoholics, 75% are infantile;
-among tramps (homeless people) 95% are infantile (the reason is sensory thirst, freedom reflex);
- divorces more often occur due to the fault of infantiles (infantile people are better off having a spouse much older than themselves)
-75% of suicides are committed by infantiles.
Let's try to understand what conditions contribute to the development of infantilism in children.
Psychological exercise “Hyperprotection”.
One parent is called to conduct the exercise. He is asked to imagine that he is a child who has just been born. The psychologist acts as his mother, who loves and cares for him very much. The words of a psychologist: “Time passes, the child grows, and now he has already stood on his feet and started walking. He is interested in everything, he climbs wherever he can. Mommy is very worried that he doesn’t fall. What can be done? You can tie the baby’s legs, it will make mommy feel safer. (parent's legs are tied).
And the child continues to grow. He wants to touch everything, take everything. He begins to reach out to various objects, including dangerous ones: electrical outlets, gas stove, etc. Mommy is very afraid. What can be done now? You can tie your hands. (hands are tied).
More time passes. The child begins to speak. Very often he says what he hears on the street. And these are obscene expressions. Of course, his mother doesn't like this. What can be done? You can tie your mouth. (the parent is gagged).
The child is growing. Watches various programs and films on TV, which often carry negative information. How to protect the child from this so that the mother does not worry? You can blindfold your eyes and ears. (parents are blindfolded).
The child has grown up and is now big. His heart begins to love and often he chooses not the one his parents like. How to make someone give up love? You can tie a heart.” (the parent's heart is tied). (As a result, the participant in the exercise ends up with his legs, arms, mouth, eyes, ears, and heart tied.)
Without untying, ask the parent:
- Well, how do you like it?
- What do you want to untie first? (the psychologist asks and gradually unties the exercise participant).
-How did you feel during the exercise?
-What conclusions did you draw?
Next, the other parents who were watching from the side are asked:
-What did you feel like you were watching from the sidelines?
Recommendations:
1.Grant the right to choose from the age of 3 (myself).
2. Be responsible for your choices from the age of 5.
3. Do not do the assigned task yourself from the age of 3.
4. It is necessary to talk about financial independence.
5.But since we are already late, there is a need to start doing all this right now.
V Speech by the class teacher.
-Today I would like to address you with these words: “Our life is precious, but there is nothing more valuable than children.” So let's look at some important aspects of education during the adaptation period.
To teach and raise a child, it is necessary to delve into his mental world, understand his way of thinking, his view of things. This process is complex and individual. It's difficult to make any recommendations here. We must try to ensure that caring for and raising a child does not resemble aimless vanity.
To protect you from some, unfortunately, very common mistakes, we want to offer you a reminder “To avoid war.” The memo describes tips on how to wisely organize your child’s life, which will provide you with mutual knowledge, save you from many troubles and give you hours of communication with a loved one. (Memos are distributed to parents)
We have discussed with you the issues of psychological and pedagogical adaptation.
And now a medical professional will tell us about physiological adaptation.
VI Speech by a medical worker.
In order for the child’s body to cope with the demands of school, it is necessary to rationally organize the student’s life, thinking through the daily routine down to the smallest detail. In other words, strictly follow the daily routine.
Built taking into account the age-related anatomical and physiological characteristics and health status of the child, the daily routine promotes the proper growth and development of the body as a whole, creates a feeling of vigor in the child, and increases his performance. The regime disciplines, helps to correctly combine work and rest, and get used to new living conditions.
It must be said that at primary school age, students' academic performance largely depends on their health. To maintain health, proper rest, and above all sleep, is important. Even a small but systematic lack of sleep has a harmful effect on the well-being and health of children. Therefore, families must pay special attention to ensuring that the student has sufficient and restful sleep. The duration of sleep for children of primary school age ranges from 10-12 hours, but when determining the time for sleep in each specific case, the state of health of the child and his daily load should be taken into account.
When organizing sleep for children of primary school age, it is necessary to:
1) ensure that the child sleeps the required number of hours for his age, goes to bed and gets up at a certain time;
2) accustom the child to perform hygienic procedures before bedtime (wash, brush teeth, wash feet);
3) do not allow the child to have stimulating entertainment before bedtime (watching age-inappropriate television programs, noisy games); do not give a hearty dinner, coffee or cocoa, or strong tea immediately before bedtime;
4) create a calm environment in the room where the child falls asleep: eliminate bright lights, stop loud conversations, turn off the TV, etc.
You should not neglect the instructions of hygienists about the time of rising and going to bed. Here it is important to remember the useful habit of going to bed early and getting up early, which has been entrenched in our everyday life since time immemorial.
The student needs to get up not half an hour before the start of classes in order to hastily swallow his breakfast and rush to school, but about an hour and a half. The schoolchild must make his own bed. It is absolutely necessary that children do morning exercises. Hygienic gymnastics has a beneficial effect on the child’s central nervous system, activates the circulatory and respiratory systems, eliminates and prevents functional deviations in individual body systems, and helps to get into the rhythm of the working day.
When organizing a child’s nutrition, parents often pay attention to the quality and calorie content of food rather than strictly adhering to a constant time for its intake. Rational nutrition provides not only an optimal balance of nutrients (proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and mineral salts) according to age, but also a correct diet, that is, eating during the day at a strictly defined time.
At primary school age, it is recommended to feed the child at least four times a day, approximately every 3-4 hours. In the morning, the child should receive a hot breakfast (porridge, potatoes), as well as tea or milk. Lunch at a strictly defined time, always with a first course, and an afternoon snack is also required. Dinner should be light and should be given 1-1.5 hours before bedtime.
What mistakes do parents make when organizing the educational work of a primary school student?
- They do not allocate a certain time for educational homework. Children do their homework when they want, often forget about them or do it under pressure from adults.
-Before homework, the child did not rest well and did not work physically. Therefore, he starts it with reluctance and works carelessly.
— They force the child to wait for the adults to come home from work and only then do their homework. By this time, the child was already tired, even if he was outside. Research by hygienists has shown that outdoor games for a long time (more than 2 hours) overtire children and reduce their readiness for mental work.
— The daily routine does not strictly limit the start and finish times of work on homework. Therefore, the child gets involved in work in a disorganized manner and does not show sufficient diligence in it. You need to choose the most productive time for lessons (taking into account daily fluctuations in mental performance): in the morning - from 9 to 11.30, and in the evening - from 16 to 17.30. This time should be strictly fixed in the daily routine and not allowed to be disrupted.
Rest should be active. A good rest is a change of activities. After several hours of work at a school desk, the child needs to stay in the fresh air and be active (sports games, physical labor). Passive rest at home and on the street (walking aimlessly) leads to loss of performance and gradually fosters laziness and reluctance to do things that are useful to people. A walk is also necessary after doing homework.
VII Reflection.
We focused on the main provisions that ensure the success of first-graders’ adaptation to new conditions. I think our meeting was not in vain. You received a lot of recommendations, answers to your questions, met with specialists, and now it’s time to sum up the results of our meeting.
Game "Word relay race".
Parents should continue the sentence started by the teacher: “My child will adapt better and be successful in school if I.....” while passing the ball.
VIII Summary of the meeting. Closing remarks from the class teacher.
Parents want their child to be the best. He will definitely be like this if he is close friends with the school and fully understands the interests of the child at the moment. It's difficult, but necessary. Feel free to come to school. Only kind help to children, only patience will give the desired result.
I really want children to be truly happy in these difficult times!
List of used literature.
1. N.I. Derekleeva Handbook of the class teacher, grades 1-4 - M.: “Vako” 2005
2. The child’s first days at school: reflective circles, games./auth.-comp. N.B. Govorkova, G.G. Kukushkina/, - Volgograd: “Teacher” 2008
3. Formation of a healthy lifestyle among younger schoolchildren / author: T.N. Zakharova, T.N. Surovikina, S.G. Ovodo, A.V. Sysoeva/ - Volgograd “Teacher” 2007
4. How to teach a child to learn: conversations with parents, advice from a school psychologist / author. N.S.Mozgovaya, M.V. Golovach, I.G.Filatova, T.I.Magomedova/ -Volgograd “Teacher” 2007
Memo for parents “So that there is no “war”.”
- Wake up your child calmly. When he wakes up, he should see your smile and hear your gentle voice. Don’t push him in the morning, don’t pull him over trifles, don’t reproach him for mistakes and oversights, even if you warned him yesterday.
- Don't rush. The ability to calculate time is your task, and if it is bad, it is not the child’s fault.
- Don't send your child to school without breakfast: he will have to do a lot of work before school breakfast.
- Do not say goodbye under any circumstances, warning: “be careful not to play around”, “behave well”, “so that there are no bad grades today”, etc. Wish your child good luck, encourage him, find a few kind words - he has a difficult day ahead.
- Forget the phrase “What did you get today?” Meet your child calmly after school, don’t bombard him with a thousand questions, let him relax (remember how you feel after a hard day at work, spending many hours communicating with people). If the child is too excited, if he wants to share something, don’t brush it off, don’t put it off for later, listen - it won’t take much time.
- If you see that the child is upset, but is silent, do not question him, let him calm down, then he will tell everything himself.
- After listening to the teacher’s comments, do not rush to scold him; try to have your conversation with the teacher without the child.
- After school, do not rush to sit down for homework; you need two to three hours of rest (in first grade it would be good to sleep for an hour and a half) to recuperate. The best time to prepare lessons is from 15 to 17 hours.
- Don’t force students to do all their homework in one sitting; after 15-20 minutes of studying, 10-15 minute “breaks” are necessary. It's better if they are mobile.
10. While preparing lessons, do not sit “over your head.” Give your child the opportunity to work on his own. But if you need your help, be patient. A calm tone, support (“don’t worry, everything will work out,” “let’s figure it out together,” “I’ll help you”), praise (even if it doesn’t work out very well) are necessary
11. When communicating with a child, try to avoid conditions: “if you do, then...”, sometimes the conditions become impossible to fulfill regardless of the child, and you may find yourself in a very difficult situation.
12. Find at least half an hour during the day when you will belong only to the child, do not be distracted by household chores, TV, or communication with other family members. At this moment, what matters most is his deeds, worries, joys and failures.
13. Develop a unified tactic for communication between all adults in the family and the child; resolve your disagreements regarding pedagogical tactics without the child. If something doesn’t work out, consult a teacher, doctor, or psychologist. Do not consider the literature for parents superfluous; you will find a lot of useful information there.
14.Remember that during the school year there are critical periods when it is more difficult to study, fatigue sets in faster, and performance is reduced. This is the first 4-6 weeks for first graders, 3-4 weeks for students in grades 2-4; end of second quarter; the first week after winter break; mid third quarter. During these periods, you should be especially attentive to the child’s condition.
15. Be attentive to your child’s complaints of headache, fatigue, and poor condition. Most often these are indicators of learning difficulty.
16. Please note that even “big” children (we often say “you’re already big” to a 7-8 year old child) really love a bedtime story, a song and affectionate stroking. All this calms them down, helps them relieve the stress that has accumulated during the day, and help them fall asleep peacefully. Try not to remember troubles before going to bed, not to sort things out, not to discuss tomorrow’s test, etc. Tomorrow is a new day, and you must do everything to make it calm, kind and joyful.
We wish you success in raising your children!
