Business game “Unified State Examination in Social Studies for 100 points.” 10–11 grades. Material for extracurricular activities

UMK in social studies A.F. Nikitins

Subject: social studies

Class: 10-11

Topic: Business game “Unified State Exam in Social Studies for 100 points”

Lesson type - extracurricular activity

Event goals:

• expanding students' knowledge;
• expanding the social experience of students, increasing interest in the subject (social studies, economics, law);
• developing in children the ability to reasonably express their views and lead a discussion.

Used sources:

1. Social studies. 10th grade. A basic level of. Nikitin A.F., Gribanova G.I., Martyanov D.S. "Bustard", 2014.
2. Economy. Grade 10. Basic and advanced levels. R.I. Khasbulatov. "Bustard", 2020.
3. Right 10-11 grades. Basic and advanced levels. Nikitin A.F., Nikitina T.I. "Bustard", 2020.

Explanatory note

The game is played between 2-3 teams of students from one school, or several schools (for example, schools in the same neighborhood). Teams can consist of any equal number of people and are led by a captain. It is more convenient to hold the event in a large audience. It is necessary to provide the possibility of using a multimedia projector (to demonstrate individual tasks or check them). To hold the game, places must be provided for teams, fans, jury members (high school students - winners of Olympiads in social studies, economics and law, teachers, invited specialists).

The game begins with a warm-up, after which there is an alternation of tasks and commercial breaks (commercial breaks are prepared by the team (fans) in advance and can be assessed on a five-point scale). Both are dedicated to the theme of the event. The tasks are tasks with a detailed answer from the testing and measuring materials of the Unified State Exam in social studies (as the game progresses, each team receives identical cards with tasks from the corresponding block). A certain time is allotted for solving problems, after which the teams take turns offering their solutions (the team that completed the warm-up task the worst answers first, the team that completes the warm-up task first gets the opportunity to answer last). It is possible to present some of the solutions in writing and submit them to the jury, and some of the tasks will be presented publicly (for example, those tasks that require three elements of the answer - according to the number of participating teams).

The winning team is determined by the cumulative results of the entire game. CDs and manuals for preparing for the Unified State Exam can be used as gifts for teams.

Progress of the event

Warm-up

Teams need to correlate the cards (signs/characteristics) with the corresponding type of society (analogous to task 25 - classification by matching). The time and correctness of completing the task is assessed.

Note : the team that completed the warm-up task worst of all is the first to present its solution to the problem; the team that completed the warm-up task first gets the opportunity to answer last. If necessary, teams may be awarded bonus points for adding to their opponents' answers.

Captains competition

The task for the captains (completed in writing individually and submitted to the jury, after which the questions are repeated out loud and the correct answer is given) is to answer questions on the structure of the Unified State Exam, duration of work, etc. (based on the 2020 demo version). Each correct answer is worth one point.

1. The duration of the Unified State Examination in social studies is 235 minutes.
2. The minimum score (“success threshold”) is (19) 42 points.
3. The number of tasks in work is 29.
4. The maximum score for the entire work is 62 (100) points.
5. Is there any provision for the use of additional equipment and materials in this exam? No.
6. How many criteria are used when checking a social science essay – 3.
7. What is the maximum number of points you can get by completing tasks for analyzing sources (No. 21-24) - 10 points.
8. Which task directly tests knowledge of the Constitution of the Russian Federation - No. 16.
9. How many tasks are contained in the first part of the examination paper - 20.
10. What is the maximum number of points you can get by completing the tasks of the first part of the exam paper - 35.
11. How many tasks are contained in the second part of the exam paper – 9.
12. What is the maximum number of points you can get by completing the tasks of the second part of the exam paper - 27.
13. List the numbers of tasks of part 1, worth 2 points - all tasks of the first part, except tasks No. 1-3, 10, 12.
14. Which tasks in the second part of the examination work are worth 3 points - No. 30 - 35.
15. How many content blocks does the exam paper include - 5.

Solving problems in the “Man, Society” block

Task No. 1

Population growth in developing countries has made the food problem more acute. To solve it, an extensive path of agricultural development is used - the development of ever new lands. This leads to the deforestation of large areas of tropical forests. The intensive development of agricultural production associated with the use of modern technology is often inaccessible to these states due to their economic backwardness. What global problems are interconnected here? List three problems.

The content of the correct answer (other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning).

The answer indicates global problems:

• demographic;
• environmental;
• the gap in the levels of economic development of the countries of the “North” and “South”.

Problem No. 2

Domestic scientist-psychologist B.G. Ananyev and his followers argued that every person who was not subjected to artificial isolation in the first months of life (like the child Mowgli) is a person. Do you share this point of view? Give three reasons to support your opinion.

If you agree with the above opinion, arguments may be given in the answer , for example:

• the concept of “personality” implies those qualities that are formed in each person in the process of his entry into the structure of social relations (therefore, Mowgli children cannot be a person);
• the formation of personal qualities is influenced by communication with others, which all people engage in to one degree or another;
• under the influence of the social environment and specific social situations, each person masters one or another social role, which, in particular, characterizes him as an individual.

In case of disagreement with the given opinion, arguments may be given in the answer , for example:

• in order to “be a person”, it is not enough just to be among people, you also need to take an active position in life;
• to express oneself as an individual means to express oneself in some socially significant matter (for example, how disabled people express themselves by engaging in individual work activities);
• degenerating individuals (including alcoholics, drug addicts), leading a lifestyle that can hardly be called human, destroy their consciousness and their personality.

Task No. 3

Industrialization in the USSR led to the development of modern industry, but was accompanied by infringement of the rights of citizens. What property of social progress is illustrated by this example? Give two examples of your own that illustrate this property.

The correct answer must contain the following elements:

1) property of social progress: contradictory nature;

2) examples illustrating this property, for example:

• the Egyptian pyramids testify to the enormous successes of Egyptian civilization, but thousands of people died during their construction;
• technological progress, industrial development, chemicalization and other changes in the field of production have led to the destruction of nature and irreparable damage to the human environment;
• the growth of large cities, the complication of production, the acceleration of the pace of life - all this has increased the load on the human body, created stress and, as a consequence, pathologies of the nervous system and vascular diseases.

Commercial break

“Pros” and “cons” of advertising (analogous to task No. 34)

Teams take turns naming the pros and cons of advertising; the team whose arguments were more convincing wins (see example of possible answer options).

Solving problems in the “Economics” block

Task No. 1

In the country of N., after the socialist government came to power, a large-scale tax reform took place. Instead of a single flat scale for calculating personal income tax (NDFL), a progressive-regressive scale was introduced. What is the essence of this personal income tax calculation scale? Give three reasons for introducing it to society.

The correct answer must contain the following elements:

1) The answer is given, for example: the progressive-regressive scale for calculating personal income tax implies an increase in the tax rate for persons with high incomes, and, conversely, a decrease in the tax rate for persons with the lowest incomes.

2) Explanations are given, for example:

• the progressive scale allows you to receive additional funds into the budget from wealthy citizens and use them to finance social programs in the field of healthcare, education, and support for the poor;
• the progressive-regressive scale makes it possible to strengthen the social function of taxes, help overcome excessive social inequality, and reduce social discontent in society;
• the progressive scale promotes the growth of social responsibility of wealthy citizens, their understanding of the need to help the society that provided them with the opportunity to receive high incomes, etc.

Problem No. 2

In country Z, to support domestic automakers, duties on the import of foreign-made cars and used foreign cars over five years old were increased. Formulate three consequences of such a decision for the automotive industry of country Z.

The content of the correct answer (other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning).

1. Increasing demand for domestic cars.
2. Increased production of domestic cars
3. Growth in sales of domestic cars
4. Increase in prices for domestic cars
5. Promotion of the domestic market

Task No. 3

The table below shows an example of taxation of various entities. The table shows data on the subjects' income before tax (gross income) and after tax (net income). In the given example:

A) determine the tax amount for the first tax subject;

B) determine the tax rate for the second tax subject (in percentage);

B) establish what type of tax system this taxation illustrates: progressive, regressive or proportional. Justify your answer.

The correct answer must contain the following elements:

1) answers to the first two questions of the assignment:

A) the tax amount for the first tax subject is 4000 rubles; B) the tax rate for the second tax subject is 10%;

2) justification for the answer to the third question: a proportional system has been adopted, since the tax rate does not change with income growth.

Commercial break

Dreamers competition “Unusual Advertising”

Typically, enterprises and organizations spend huge amounts of money on advertising, but, as practice shows, as well as direct surveys of the population, the most popular is creative advertising with a creative approach, which surprises and delights viewers and is remembered for a long time.

The task for the teams is to propose an advertising option that will surprise, delight and be remembered for a long time (see example). It is advisable to specify the advertised object in advance so that the teams are on an equal footing.

The team that presents the brightest version of the advertisement wins.

Example : to demonstrate an advertising slogan for a shampoo that strengthens hair, advertisers “threw” a huge braid out of the window.

Note: after this competition, you can invite the children to watch a pre-prepared selection of the most unusual advertisements.

Solving problems in the “Social Relations” block

Task No. 1

Sociologists from country Z studied trends in the development of the institution of marriage. The following statistics were obtained on the number of divorces for every 1000 registered marriages:

Using the data from the graph, draw a conclusion about the trends in the development of the institution of marriage in country Z. Using social science knowledge and personal social experience, make three assumptions about the reasons for this trend.

The correct answer must contain the following elements:

• conclusion, for example: in country Z in 2001-2007. the number of divorces has sharply increased, which indicates a crisis in the institution of marriage;
• assumptions, for example: - the country is experiencing an economic crisis; - society has become much more tolerant of divorce as a way to solve family problems; — For some of the population, marriage was not a meaningful and thoughtful step. Other assumptions may be made.

Problem No. 2

During a sociological survey in 2007 (Lavada Center), 1,600 Russians were asked to answer the question about the equality of women and men in modern Russia. The results obtained (separately based on the responses of two groups: men and women) are presented in graphical form.

(The statistical error of such surveys does not exceed 3%.)

Formulate any three conclusions based on opinions about the equality of women and men in the Russian Federation based on the survey results. Give reasons for one of your conclusions.

The response must contain the following elements:

1) three conclusions, let’s say:

• the majority of Russians (regardless of gender) believe that men and women have equal rights;
• at the same time, among many women interviewed, there is a widespread opinion that women have fewer rights than men;
• Among men, a larger percentage than among women believe that women have more rights than men

2) justification for one of them, for example: - the fact that more men (than women) believe that women have more rights can be explained by the following: respondents proceeded from the fact that in many families the authority of the mother is much higher than the authority of the father.

Task No. 3

In the country of N., the ancient wedding custom of paying kalym for the bride has been preserved. As a rule, the decision to marry is made by the parents of the bride and groom, and the young people themselves can see each other for the first time only at the wedding. A woman moves into her husband’s house, unable to further build a career or receive an education.

What type of family is this family? Justify your answer. Name any two characteristic features of the family given in the task.

The correct answer must contain the following elements.

1. The answer is given, let’s say: the family belongs to the traditional (patriarchal) type.

2. Justification is given, for example: in the family mentioned in the assignment, the unequal position of women with men, the woman is completely financially dependent on her husband and his family.

3. The signs are indicated, for example:

• in traditional families there is a clear distribution of gender roles and household work, the woman takes care of the housework and children;
• women and younger members of a traditional family cannot take part in decisions about family life on an equal basis with men;
• As a rule, traditional families are multigenerational, with several generations of relatives living together.

Commercial break (out of competition)

About the power of advertising

Watching a cartoon or dramatizing one of the commands of the Russian fairy tale “HOW THE OLD MAN SOLD A COW”

1st buyer : Master, will you sell us your cow?

Old man: Selling. I've been standing with her at the market since morning!

1st buyer: Aren't you asking a lot for it, old man?

Old man: Where to make money! I wish I could give it back!

1 buyer: Your little cow is too thin!

Old man: She’s sick, damn it. It's really trouble!

1 buyer: Does a cow give a lot of milk?

Old man: Yes, we haven’t seen milk yet...

Author:

The old man traded all day at the market, No one gave a price for the cow. One boy took pity on the old man:

Boy:

Dad, your hand is not easy! I’ll stand next to your cow, maybe we’ll sell your cattle.

Author:

A buyer comes along with a tight wallet, and now he’s haggling with the boy;

Buyer 2: Will you sell the cow?

Boy:

Buy if you are rich. Cow, look, not a cow, but a treasure!

Buyer 2: Yes, really! Looks too skinny!

Boy: Not very fat, but good milk yield.

Customer 2: Does a cow give a lot of milk?

Boy: You can’t milk it in a day: your hand will get tired.

Author: The old man looked at his cow:

Old man:

Why am I, Buryonka, selling you? I won’t sell my cow to anyone: I need such cattle myself!

Solving problems in the “Politics” block

Task No. 1

Many states have introduced an age limit for a citizen to exercise the right to elect and be elected to government bodies. Is this qualification consistent with the values ​​of a democratic society? Give three reasons for your opinion.

The correct answer must contain the following elements:

• answer to a question, for example: the age limit does not contradict the values ​​of a democratic society;
• justifications, for example: - the age limit applies to all citizens of the corresponding age, i.e. the principle of equality is not violated; — the age limit does not exclude other opportunities for adolescents and young people to participate in the political life of society; — the age limit does not violate the principle of periodic election of public authorities; — the age limit is appropriate due to the timing of the political socialization of adolescents and youth. Other justifications may be given.

Problem No. 2

In Art. 13 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation states: “Ideological diversity is recognized in the Russian Federation.” Illustrate this constitutional provision with three examples.

The correct answer may contain the following elements:

Three examples are given to illustrate the constitutional position.

• In the elections to the State Duma, parties of different ideological orientations compete among themselves: liberal (LDPR), communist (Communist Party of the Russian Federation), social democratic (A Just Russia), etc.
• in Russia, citizens have the right to create various public associations, unions, jointly achieving their goals, for example, to protect nature, family values, religious values, etc.
• Modern Russian reality is characterized by the simultaneous existence of various scientific schools: in historical science, for example, some scientists adhere to the Marxist understanding of the historical process, others - to the civilizational one (Toynbee et al.)

Task No. 3

In the political scientist’s lecture, the idea was expressed that political parties act as a link between civil society and the state. Give three arguments to support this opinion.

The following arguments can be given:

• organizing opposition to government bodies, putting pressure on them if their policies do not reflect the interests of those layers that the party represents.
• mediates between civil society and political authorities;
• training and promotion of personnel for the state apparatus.
• serve as spokespersons for the interests, needs and goals of certain social groups.

Commercial break

Advertiser Poets Competition

Teams take turns presenting their advertisement for the Social Studies course in poetic form. It is possible to accompany the advertisement with a slide show or dramatization. The team that presents the most convincing and eye-catching advertisement wins.

Solving problems in the “Law” block

Task No. 1

There are different opinions in society about the effectiveness of jury trials. Using knowledge of a social science course and facts of public life, give three justifications for the need for such a court in a democratic state governed by the rule of law.

The following justifications can be given:

• jury trial is one of the mechanisms for protecting human rights through civil society;
• participation of citizens in court as jurors allows them to exercise their right to participate in state affairs;
• the jury uses a democratic procedure to reach a verdict

Problem No. 2

A 17-year-old boy used his first scholarship to buy three discs with recordings of his favorite musical group. He did not ask his parents' permission. Did the young man have the legal right to make this purchase? What source of law should you turn to to find the answer to this question? What capacity does he have?

The content of the correct answer (other wording of the answer is allowed that does not distort its meaning).

The response must contain the following items:

• the young man had the right to make this purchase;
• the Civil Code of the Russian Federation is indicated, to which you need to turn for an answer;
• it is indicated that the 17-year-old boy has partial legal capacity.

Task No. 3

Having learned that his grandmother needed an expensive operation, 16-year-old schoolboy Ivan decided to get a job as a salesman at a tobacco kiosk. He was satisfied with the expected salary and work schedule. But the employer refused to hire Ivan. Are the employer's actions legal? Explain your answer. Name any three features of labor regulation for workers under 18 years of age.

The response must contain the following elements:

1. answer to the question: the employer’s actions are lawful;
2. explanation, for example: The Labor Code of the Russian Federation prohibits the employment of persons under the age of 18 years in work, the performance of which may harm their health and moral development: trade in tobacco products is included among them;
3. features: employee under 18 years of age:

• hired without a probationary period;
• is subject to a mandatory medical examination and must submit a health certificate upon employment;
• cannot work at night;
• cannot carry or move weights exceeding the limits established for adolescents (for boys - 20 kg, for girls - 7 kg);
• has the right to a reduced working week;
• has the right to a vacation of 31 calendar days at a time convenient for him;
• has the right to paid leave until the end of six months of continuous work;
• cannot be recalled from leave;
• It is not allowed to replace the annual basic paid leave and annual additional paid leave of employees under the age of 18 with monetary compensation

Commercial break

Business game in economics lesson plan (grade 11) on the topic

Business game "Economy"

Target

This is a model of market relations. As part of the game, the children go through the entire production and supply chain, starting with registering a company, producing a product, selling it, purchasing resources for its production, etc., ending with choosing the role of their company in the country's economy. After completing the game, an analysis of the game strategies chosen by the children (some will strive to organize others and lead them, others will choose a strategy of subordination, etc.) helps them better know themselves, their strengths and characteristics. Show the connection between various markets and the principles of creating equilibrium in each of them

Tasks

• The game form corresponds to the logic of the activity, includes a moment of social interaction, and prepares for professional communication.

• The gaming component promotes greater student engagement.

• The business game is rich in feedback, more meaningful than that used in traditional methods.

• In the game, attitudes towards professional activity are formed, stereotypes are more easily overcome, and self-esteem is corrected.

• Traditional methods presuppose the dominance of the intellectual sphere; the whole personality is manifested in the game.

• This method provokes the inclusion of reflexive processes, provides the opportunity to interpret and comprehend the results obtained.

Summary/gist

Several markets within one country - commodity market, stock market and credit market. There are iterations in every market. During each iteration, a search for balance between supply and demand occurs, and deals are concluded.

Stages and time

Introduction – 30 min

1. 15 min – general presentation of the game. Description of market participants. Children are asked to choose which category to go to. Those who have not decided, pull out pieces of paper indicating the role and disperse into groups
2. 15 min – within the groups, the group coordinator distributes multi-colored badges on pins to indicate the child’s role, as well as a description of the game (what is the goal for this role, what needs to be done to win, what is the sequence of actions). Gives time to read and answers questions

Each beat is 20 minutes. Only 5-7 bars

1. Traders

1. 15 min – traders determine prices for each of the four companies

1. If it takes half as much time (which is unlikely), then prices are determined again (in fact, without new information, speculation). In this case, two games are played per stage, but the remaining sectors are affected only by the result of the last one.

1. 5 minutes (or whatever time is left) – traders go to the commodity market and observe the activities of companies. Analyze company reports (posted on the wall), buy consultant services (optional), communicate with PR people

1. Companies

1. 5 min – the company consults internally about what demand it forecasts;

1. The financier takes out a loan from the bankers (and may continue to do so throughout the cycle). If the company became the worst according to the results of the auction (the largest negative price change), then it is given a loan for no more than two goods/services. If the company became the best according to the results of the auction (the largest positive change in price), then the bankers issue an interest-free loan (the interest rate is compensated by the organizers, i.e. for the bankers there is no difference)
2. at the same time, producers purchase resources in accordance with forecast demand
3. At the same time, sales people think over a marketing strategy (“how to attract consumers”)

1. 10 min – sales team arranges products (if required). Then each company is given 40-50 seconds to present their product. When all the salespeople have finished presenting, there is time for personal communication. Consumers make decisions about whether to buy (and from whom). Financiers continue to communicate with banks
2. 5-10 min – the financier fills out the profit and loss report. At the same time, the service provider and other employees provide services

1. Bankers

1. 20 min – a loan specialist issues loans to companies. The deposit specialist tries to attract consumers to their deposits. Those deposits that they were unable to distribute among loans, bankers put at a lower (than credit) interest rate to the organizers (the organizers, at their discretion, can change the rate once a period, focusing on the market). If the situation is the opposite - more loans have been issued than deposits have been attracted - then bankers can borrow money from the organizers (at a higher interest rate). During the entire tact, bankers are thinking through the strategy of banking products for the next takt. The treasurer maintains reports for the bank and thinks through the overall strategy for the next period, including marketing steps

1. Consumers

1. 5 min – select deposits (banks post the terms and conditions for deposits on pieces of paper, everything is visible and accessible, plus additionally they tell the conditions for their favorite clients)
2. 10 min – select goods and services
3. 5 minutes – if consumers have time left (let’s say they didn’t buy anything during this period), then they can take another more meaningful look at the rates and talk with bankers

1. Consultants

1. 20 min – walk around and study the behavior of companies, as well. When traders are free, they offer them their services (information).

Adjustment of children's roles on the spot - by reducing the number of consumers or at the expense of traders. The remaining groups remain unchanged

The order of distribution of children into groups

Children can first be distributed as they wish, and the remaining ones draw out pieces of paper indicating the role

Resources

1. Badges of different colors indicating the role
2. Strips of text indicating the role - for drawing lots
3. Whatman paper on the walls
4. Resources for providing goods and services (for example, markers and other colorful stationery for drawings)
5. Printed "licenses" for sale to companies

Stock market

1. Participants

1. 30 traders

1. Participants' goals

1. Maximizing your own profit. Profit growth occurs when they buy shares cheaper than they later sell. Another option is if they first sell shares at a higher price than they buy them later (“short” the shares).

1. Zero stage

1. There are 15 shares available for each company (equal to half the traders, since at each stage we must arrive at an equilibrium price for each company where the number of buying traders is equal to the number of selling traders). Stocks are randomly distributed among traders at the beginning of the game (pull)
2. Traders do not have their own funds; their financial results are determined as a result of changes in stock prices

1. Determination of equilibrium during a stage

1. At stage zero, traders are told that so far each of 8 shares (2 public issuing companies in 4 countries) cost 50 rubles. It is necessary to determine new prices - prices of the current stage
2. The market organizer says that each trader must determine for himself at what price he would buy the share of the first company, and at what price he would sell it
3. The market organizer offers the first company a price of 50 rubles. Guys who would be willing to buy this share at this price move to the left; those who would be willing to sell at this price move to the right. It is necessary to immediately explain that if a trader was ready to buy, for example, at 60, then he is even more ready to buy at 50 (since it is cheaper). The same applies to selling - if he was ready to sell at 40, then he is also ready to sell at 50.
4. If there are more people wanting to buy a share than there are people wanting to sell, then the market organizer offers a new price above 50 rubles. The price increment is at least 5 rubles. If there are more people wanting to sell a share than there are people wanting to buy, then the organizer offers a new price below 50 rubles
5. Thus, the organizer “gropes” for the price at which the number of people willing to buy the share is equal to the number of people willing to sell the share. If a situation develops that is close to equilibrium, but not equilibrium (for example, 16 versus 14 at a price of 50 and 13 versus 17 at a price of 55), then the organizer invites the participants to come to an agreement. If the negotiations do not lead to anything within one minute, then the organizer chooses a price closer to the equilibrium, and then the participants who are in the majority draw lots to see which of them goes to the minority. The organizer provides participants with a number of stripes according to the majority number, in which 15 names of the majority role and the remaining number of names of the minority role

1. Consequences of balance

1. After the equilibrium price for a given stock is found, it is fixed - this is the company’s capitalization based on the results of this stage, which affects its further opportunities in the game
2. Each trader writes down the share price in his table - with a minus if he bought the share (i.e., as if he paid money), and with a plus if he sold it (at the zero stage, the trader has 4 shares that he pulled out, which have a value -50, and the 4 shares that he did not draw – the value is +50). At the end of the game, the net financial result is determined, which is equal to the sum of the values ​​in the column for each company. The trader’s final financial result is equal to the sum of the results for each company. Example:

1. Each trader must “close the position” on each stock by the end of the game - this means that the stock must be bought as many times as it is sold (i.e., the number of minuses in the table by column is equal to the number of pluses). In order for traders to have time to close positions, the organizer must warn in advance what the approximate number of rounds are remaining. You can introduce a rule according to which a trader can buy (or sell) a stock no more than four times in a row - this will guarantee that in the next four rounds he will have time to sell (or buy, respectively) it.
2. This is a “zero-sum game” - i.e. no matter how many rubles are earned, the same number of rubles will be lost. Thus, it will not happen that all traders will receive only profit or only loss.

1. Possible operations

1. A trader can buy or sell only one share for each issuer at each stage
2. The trader cannot refrain from trading - thus, he is obliged to either buy additional shares or sell it
3. A trader can "short" - even if he does not own the stock, he can sell it, with an obligation to buy it during any of the following stages

1. Impact on share price

1. Traders are told that the price of a stock usually rises if the company's financial position improves - i.e. its profits are growing. The price of a stock goes down if the company begins to make losses. Traders have two options to assess the state of affairs in each company:

1. They can look at reports from each company - after each stage of trading, traders are given special time to evaluate the market. The company's report indicates the dynamics of their revenue and profit. Traders take reports from PR people and listen to their company presentations
2. They can use the services of consultants at a standard price - for example, 2 rubles per stage. During the game, consultants collect all the information from companies, assessing which of them, for example, plays strategically and has a better chance of making money, and which ones make mistakes all the time. In this sense, consultants have an advantage over traders in the amount of information available, since this is their job. In addition, consultants can tell the trader about things that the company may not tell him about - for example, that they had a cataclysm during this period (these will be entered by lot during the game). So it can be profitable to use the services of consultants (if no one uses the services of consultants, then you can either reduce the cost of their work or transfer them to the rank of consumers)

Commodity market

1. Participants

1. 2 companies in 4 countries  total 8 companies. Each company has 4 employees - a financier (for interacting with banks and drawing up reports), a PR specialist (for interacting with traders), a manufacturer (actually for deciding how much and what to produce) and sales (for sales). Total: 8 financiers, 8 PR people, 8 producers and 8 sales people. Each employee of the company is part-time workforce for the sale of services to consumers. In addition, everyone has the opportunity to participate in joint decision-making, although the final say remains with the relevant employee.
2. 8 consumers in 4 countries  total 32 consumers

1. Participants' goals

1. The company's goal is to maximize profits. Achieved if the company manages to interest the consumer (i.e. create demand) and correctly predict the demand for its goods (i.e. not create an excess of goods)
2. The consumer's goal is to maximize the money in his account while satisfying his needs. On the one hand, consumers will need to understand the deposit schemes that banks will offer them, so their main activity will be related to choosing the most attractive deposits. On the other hand, they will be limited to using at least half of the goods or services per game. Consumers choose which products or services to use according to their taste. But they never know what they will be offered at the next stage. Therefore, they will be torn between the desire to buy something, postpone consumption until later, and save more money. Consumers will initially have a lot of money, so even if they buy at each stage, there will be money left on deposit. This is necessary so that banks have the opportunity to lend money to producers.

1. Production of goods and services

1. At the beginning of each stage, the organizer announces what product or service will be produced at that stage. He also tells you what resources are available and at what prices. The organizers are engaged in the sale of resources.
2. The organizers specify only the category of product or service, strongly recommending differentiation of the products offered. The company needs to determine what kind of product or service it will offer to consumers, what exactly will distinguish them.
3. The company decides which resources it purchases (if it has a choice) and in what quantities. Determining the quantity depends on the demand that the company forecasts for its product. All companies have access to the same data - there are 32 consumers, each of whom needs to use at least half of the goods and services. And there are also seven competitors who also decide how many products to release, with what characteristics and at what prices. In addition, a lot will become clear after the first stage - the company will understand how it looks compared to its competitors, and how actively consumers are buying.
4. The production of goods and services does not require time - it occurs after they are purchased by consumers
5. Examples of goods and services offered (it is necessary to distribute the sequence into stages and indicate the prices of resources)

1. tea (resources – tea, sugar, lemon, milk, …)
2. coffee (resources – coffee, sugar, milk, …)
3. cookies (resources – different cookies)
4. cleaning (resources – activity license, 1 license required for each expected consumer)
5. oregami boats (resources – paper, template with instructions for folding oregami)
6. declaration of love/song/private dance (resources – activity license, 1 license required for each expected consumer)
7. chalk star on the walk of fame in front of the hotel with the name of the consumer (resources - crayons)
8. photo session for 5 frames (resources – camera)
9. drawing for memory (resources - paper, pencils of different colors)
10. any service - the company itself comes up with what to offer the consumer (resources - license to operate, 1 license required for each expected consumer)
11. any product - the company itself comes up with what to offer the consumer (resources - any of the previous stages)
12. It would be nice to come up with about 5 more in reserve

1. Determination of equilibrium in the product market during the stage

1. Each company offers manufactured goods or services at its own table. Consumers walk between tables, look at prices, learn the features of the goods and services offered. The task of sales is to describe what they offer as attractively as possible, so that the consumer wants to buy a product or service from them.
2. The calculation takes place on the spot. Selling a product either does not require time (selling tea is instantaneous), or can take up to 10 minutes (for example, a drawing).
3. The provision of services is carried out either by all available employees of the company, or the company can choose the most capable employee to provide this service to increase its attractiveness (for example, by advertising that they have a real artist who will draw something memorable much better than others)
4. The company’s task is to sell as much as possible without at a loss, using all purchased resources so that there is no overproduction

1. Consequences of balance

1. After each stage, the financier is required to complete the financial report of his company (if there are different prices, change the report template)

1. The PR specialist shows the completed report to traders. In addition to demonstrating numbers, the PR specialist seeks to convince traders that everything will only get better in the future - they know their customers, what and how to sell
2. Transfer to the loan market: After completing the report, the financier discusses with the manufacturer what size loan they need. This depends on the size of equity capital (equal to the initial capital plus the profit accumulated over previous periods minus the loss accumulated over the previous period) and on how many resources need to be purchased

1. Choose: fixed prices, which are determined by the company before selling the goods (you will have to if you are short on time), or bargaining (this is more fun). And also – should prices differ at all? If yes, should I set the range?
2. Rules

1. Companies are prohibited from communicating with each other - colluding, learning plans and strategy