Laboratory work “Seed germination” Growth and development of plants, grade 6. - presentation
Laboratory work “Seed germination” Plant growth and development, grade 6.
Purpose of the work: to find out what conditions are necessary for seed germination, which seeds are called germinating. Equipment: bean seeds, wheat grains, four vessels for seed germination, thermometer. Basic concepts and terms: growth and development, embryo, seedling, adult plant, individual development, above-ground and underground germination, cotyledons, endosperm. During observations, you can record stages using a camera. Get acquainted with the process of seed germination with the help of the video fragment “Seed Germination” video fragment “Seed Germination” Laboratory work “Seed Germination”
Individual development of an organism with sexual reproduction - transformations of the organism from fertilization of the egg to the end of life. Life cycle is the alternation of life stages of one type of living organism, including the stages of sexual and asexual reproduction. Features of the individual development of flowering plants: Unlimited growth (what does this mean?); Stages: Seed (embryo stage); Sprout; Young plant; Adult plant (reproduction stage); old plant
Requirement of water for seed germination. Take two beakers and put 10 - 15 grains of wheat and 7 - 10 bean seeds into both beakers. Pour a little water into the first glass so that it only wets the seeds, but does not cover them completely. Do not pour water into the second glass. Observe the experience for 5–7 days. Record the results of your observations in your diary. Do not forget that in the first glass the water should constantly wet the seeds. After 5–7 days, draw a conclusion about the importance of water for seed germination. Laboratory work “Seed germination”
The need for air (oxygen) for seed germination. Take two beakers and put 10 - 15 grains of wheat and 7 - 10 bean seeds into both beakers. Pour a little water into the first glass so that it only wets the seeds, but does not cover them completely. Pour about 1/2 cup of water into the second glass. Observe the experience for 5–7 days. Record the results of your observations in your diary. Do not forget that in the first glass the water should constantly wet the seeds. After 5–7 days, draw a conclusion about the importance of air (oxygen) for seed germination. Laboratory work “Seed germination”
Requirement of heat for seed germination. Take two beakers and put 10 - 15 grains of wheat and 7 - 10 bean seeds into both beakers. Pour a little water into both glasses so that it just wets the seeds, but does not cover them completely. Leave one glass indoors and the other in the refrigerator. Make sure that the water constantly wets the seeds. Observe the experience for 5–7 days. Record the results of your observations in your diary. After 5–7 days, draw a conclusion about the importance of heat for seed germination. Laboratory work “Seed germination”
Observation diary form Laboratory work “Seed Germination” Dates of the experiment and observations Observations on the germination of seeds soaked in water at degrees C, dry at degrees C, soaked in water at 0 degrees C under a layer of water at degrees C Prepare a presentation on how the experiment was carried out to clarify the conditions necessary for seed germination.
Describe the sequence of actions that need to be performed if you want to plant an oak tree. Laboratory work “Seed germination”
Grow a few oak or chestnut seedlings. Monitor the germination of seeds. Plant young plants in the school plot or in the park. Carry out regular observations of the development of the plant. Take care of green spaces! Laboratory work “Seed germination”
Research paper and presentation in biology “Conditions for seed germination”
The relevance of research.
Growing plants from seeds is a very exciting process. Observing all phases of plant development from seed germination to the appearance of the first flowers or fruits is the magic of nature in action. It takes a lot of time and patience before a full-fledged plant grows.
Plant growth usually begins with the germination of the most important reproductive organ - the seed. A seed is a special multicellular structure of a complex structure that serves for the reproduction and dispersal of seed plants and contains an embryo.
For seed germination, moisture, oxygen and favorable conditions are necessary. In nature there are plants that require additional conditions for seed germination. For example, the influence of light on seed germination can be quite significant. There are plants whose seeds germinate easily in the light, these include carrots and bluegrass.
Other plants, for example, tobacco, require very short-term light stimulation for enhanced seed germination, which is necessary to break seed dormancy. Only seeds with a living embryo can germinate and give rise to a new plant. Seeds with dead embryos lose their viability.
Due to the relevance of the problem, we formulated the research topic: “Conditions necessary for seed germination.”
Purpose of the study:
consideration of the influence of external factors on the germination of bean seeds.
Object of study: external factors affecting seed germination.
Subject of research: bean seeds.
In accordance with the purpose, object, subject of research, we formulated the following tasks:
Collect information about the bean plant.
Identify the main conditions affecting seed germination.
In practice, establish how the presence or absence of light, moisture and heat affects seed germination.
Research methods: study and analysis of literature, analogy, comparison, generalization.
Research hypothesis: We assume that bean germination requires light, heat and moisture.
Practical significance of the study: the use of this work is possible in lessons about the surrounding world, in circle work, and when working in a school area.
The research work consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of references, and an appendix.
The introduction substantiates the relevance of the topic, defines the problem, purpose and objectives, object and subject, research methods, and practical significance.
In the first chapter, we examined the issues of seed germination and processed the necessary information.
In the second chapter, experimental research methods were used.
The conclusion outlines the main conclusions of the study.
The total volume of work is 16 pages of typewritten text.
The list of references includes 7 titles.
The application contains 9.
I. THEORETICAL PART
1.1 Bean plant.
Beans are a plant of the legume family; There are climbing and bush forms. The leaves are trifoliate, green in different shades. Peduncles with 2-8 flowers arranged in pairs, from white to dark purple in color. Beans are 8-25 cm long. The color of the unripe bean is mainly green or yellow. The seeds differ in shape, color and size. In the best vegetable sugar varieties, the parchment layer on the inside of the flaps and the fiber in the seams of the beans are completely absent, which allows them to be consumed unripe at the blade stage.
The most common bean is the common bean, which originates from South and Central America. It is grown in almost all agricultural countries of the world. Our bean crops are concentrated mainly in the central and southern regions of the European part of the country.
Recently, varieties of green (green) beans have become increasingly popular. It is demanding on soil fertility. Depleted, acidic, damp soils are unsuitable for it. It is afraid of cold winds and does not tolerate shade, so in garden plots it should be sown in places protected from the wind, but fairly open.
Beans are sown when the soil temperature at the seeding depth warms up to +10-12 C and the danger of a return of spring frosts has passed, since the seedlings are very sensitive to them. Beans are sown to a depth of 4-6 cm, in a row - every 10 cm. Sowing can be wide-row (distance between rows - 40-50 cm) and 2-line strip (distance between rows - 20-25 cm, between tapes - 50-50 cm). 60 cm). You can also grow beans using seedlings.
Beans are one of the most valuable food crops. Young unripe beans contain a lot of protein (75-90% of which is easily absorbed by the human body), sugars, vitamins, and mineral salts. Beans are a good remedy for various diseases.
In folk medicine, a water infusion of beans is used for many diseases. Young beans are recommended for urolithiasis and kidney inflammation. Beans are used in therapeutic nutrition for atherosclerosis and heart rhythm disorders. Infusions and decoctions of beans are used for hypertension and dropsy. Bean shells contain substances that lower blood sugar levels. In folk medicine, bean flour powder is used to treat ulcers and eczema. Bean puree is recommended for gastritis with low acidity.
A variety of dishes and canned food are prepared from the fruits of vegetable beans.
1.2 The influence of light, heat and water on plant growth and development.
1.2.1 Why do plants need light?
Light and photosynthesis. The sun's rays fell on a green leaf and seemed to split into three parts. Some of the rays are reflected, some pass through the sheet, and most are absorbed by the sheet. The absorbed rays are spent on heating the leaf and evaporating water, but what is especially important is that they provide the energy necessary for photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, organic substances are formed from carbon dioxide and water and oxygen is released.
The process of photosynthesis is called aerial nutrition of plants. If plants do not have enough light, photosynthesis in them proceeds sluggishly, and little organic matter is formed. Plants grow weak and pale.
The influence of light on plant growth. There is an expression: plants are drawn to the light. Let's compare two dandelion plants grown in different lighting conditions. If a dandelion has grown in the shade among dense grass, for example at the edge of a forest, then its leaves are long, arranged almost vertically, and the stems with inflorescences are also long. They really seem to be reaching for the light, trying to get out of the thick grass.
All material is in the archive.
