Summary of a biology lesson for grade 7 on the topic: “5 Animals Type Ciliates”
Summary of the biology lesson “5 Animals Type Ciliates.”
Author : Lyudmila Ivanovna Parukova, biology teacher at MAOU “Secondary School No. 9”, Nurlat, Republic of Tatarstan. The work is intended for biology teachers. This lesson is a lesson on learning new material. The lesson is taught at a fast pace using a variety of activities. Audience: 7th grade students Objectives of the lesson: Didactic goal
: to create conditions for students to understand and comprehend a block of new educational information on the topic “Diversity of protozoa.
Type of ciliates”, mastering the methods of its production and processing. Content goals: Educational
: - to acquaint students with the characteristic features and representatives of different classes and genera of the Ciliate Type at a basic level in accordance with the educational standard or advanced (for those students who want and are able) - to familiarize themselves with the structural features, life activity of single-celled, or protozoa, as integral single-celled organisms leading an independent lifestyle;
-expand your understanding of the diversity of unicellular organisms, become familiar with the main types (sarcoflagellates, sporozoans, ciliates); - have an idea of the habitat, the features of adaptability of the main representatives of each type to life in it; - reveal the role of single-celled organisms in natural communities and human life. Developmental
: - continue to develop the skills to conduct observations, work with a microscope, compare single-celled organisms with each other, justify belonging to a particular type or class.
-continue to develop students’ information competence—the ability to find information in different sources and present it in different ways. - create conditions for the development of the intellectual (memory and thinking) and emotional spheres of students. Educational:
to promote in schoolchildren a positive attitude towards wildlife and a desire to protect it: to continue to develop interest in the subject, to carry out aesthetic and environmental education of students while familiarizing them with the variety of forms of ciliates and their colors.
Expected result
: students will learn: at a basic level - the characteristics of the Type of Ciliates, at an advanced level - the features of the adaptability of species to their environment.
students will consolidate their skills: at a basic level - to use Microsoft Word, Microsoft Power Point, at an advanced level - to find the necessary information using the Internet. Type of lesson: class - lesson lesson. Lesson type : combined. Type of lesson : lesson of mutual learning with elements of research. Forms of organization of educational and cognitive activities : individual, pair, frontal, group. Methods used in the lesson : partially search, reproductive. Equipment : Microscopes, micropreparations, slides, pipettes. Textbook for grade 7 “Diversity of living organisms” by N.I. Sonin, anthology on zoology. Didactic material: •textbook for grade 7 “Diversity of living organisms” by N.I. Sonin, anthology on zoology. •information sheet “Behind the pages of the textbook.” Appendix No. 1. •instructions for laboratory work. Appendix No. 2. Preliminary work: Make groups of students. Distribute so that the group contains both strong and weak students. Before the lesson, the teacher needs to check the correct operation of all components of the course (pay attention to the interactive models). Before the lesson, it is necessary to check the preparation for work during the lesson, distribute printed forms for work).
The lesson is designed for one academic hour in a biology classroom with work stations. The indicated time for each stage is approximate, because All groups work at their own pace, the teacher only recommends moving from task to task. During the classes.
Greetings.
Organizational moment: - 2 minutes. I. Updating knowledge - 5 min. II. Formation of new concepts - 25 min. Laboratory work in pairs - 10 min. Physical education for the eyes -1 min. Group work . Studying the material “Behind the pages of the textbook” - 6 min . Peer learning - 2 min. Student presentations - 8 min. Physical education minute. -1 min. III. Formation of skills and abilities – 10 min. Working with illustrations – 4 min. Filling out the table – 4 min. Lesson summary. Grades -2 min Homework -1 min Note:
During the lesson, the teacher observes the student’s posture, positively evaluates the students for their answers and active participation “well done”, “good”, “clever”, “you are doing a very good job today”, “I’m glad” your success”, etc., creating motivation for the educational process, including physical education minutes, as well as emotional release.
Uses different types of activities so that children do not experience overwork. Recommendation for using the presentation during the lesson.
Navigation is simple by clicking, there are hyperlinks, and time-based animations.
Teacher's opening speech.
Hello guys!
Today we have a slightly unusual lesson. Do you like excursions? Today we will visit a research institute where they study protozoa (protozoa in Latin). Remember what the science that studies protozoa is called? Correct protozoology. You will independently study the type of Subkingdom unicellular. Imagine that you are a protozoologist. The laboratories are equipped with a microscope. I hope you know the safety precautions for working in a laboratory?
For those who don't remember, the poster is hanging on the wall.
Before you start working as research institute employees. Need to check what you know about protozoa? New terms. Lesson motivation.
First task.
Guess a riddle! Riddles about protozoa. Appendix 1..Well done! Task No. 2.
Give a classification of protozoa.
What type have we not studied? Think about the title of the lesson topic. Write down the topic of the lesson in your notebooks. Create your own lesson goal. Thank you! See what you have to learn. Write down the terms in your notebooks. Survey “Teacher - student” Formation of new concepts: The life of the simplest is often hidden from our eyes. And there is still a lot of unknown and unknown in it. Let's study an interesting and more organized type of ciliates. I, as a senior researcher at the laboratory, will introduce you to the work plan. There are instructions on the slide in front of you, read them and start working. Laboratory work. (Pair work). Slide number 5. Preparation of work in notebooks. Evaluate the work. Are you convinced that the world of protozoa is interesting? Break at the research institute. Physical education minute We are tired, get up, do an exercise for the eyes. The next task is difficult and responsible. Group work . For work we use a textbook, an anthology on zoology, do not forget to look at the Red Book of the Republic of Tatarstan. Determine in the group who will speak. Independent work of students in a group with didactic material “Behind the Pages of the Textbook.” Making a plan for the notes. Making notes. Brief student reports. When performing, they use the “Type of Ciliates” diagram. Group No. 1. Ciliates - slipper Group No. 2. Trumpeter ciliate. Group No. 3. Stilonychia. Group No. 4. Didinium is a predator. Group No. 5. Ciliates are a sucker. (Decide in the group who will speak. Well done, you completed the task. Let’s check how mutual learning went. One student makes a diagram on this topic on the board. The rest in a notebook. Well done! We completed the plan and receive encouragement in the form of grades. The teacher summarizes the students’ performances . Consolidation. Name the organelles of the ciliate slipper. Draw a conclusion about the role of 5 representatives of the Ciliate Type in nature (biocenosis). Assessment of students' knowledge Reflection. Your attitude to the lesson. Show emoticons. Did you like working at the research institute? Homework . What do you think? are assigning homework at the research institute? We write down the task.
1. Make food chains including ciliates (individual work). 2. Those who wish to prepare a report on sucking ciliates. 3. The task is to draw a protozoan cell. (Applies only to those who have mastered the technique of drawing in the Paint program on
computer ) .
_ Moscow, “Eksmo” 2005. Appendix 1 Protozoa* V.N. Frosin “In the light I live like a plant, In the darkness I wander like a predator. I look like a leaf, But I have a peephole: And if there is a ray of light somewhere, I know the direction of the light. There are chromatophores, the nucleus is always haploid. I have a “kidney” - a vacuole. When I share, I share lengthwise. I spin with my flagellum, And like a bullet I fly: My mobile long flagellum, Like a flexible thin twig, Completes a rotation cycle, Providing me with movement. I am not blue like a vein, I am green euglena.” “I am a colony, I am a ball, And my size is very small. The cells are immersed in mucus, I need their flagella! I make a movement, tumbling while rotating... The cells are all connected and “communicate” with each other... The cup-shaped chloroplast will transfer the Energy of the Sun to them. I am a green creation, I am a plant-animal, I am a paradox of nature, I am a “rolling” Volvox!” “I develop in a mosquito, I am in its saliva, and after a mosquito bite I will get where I need to go. I first get into the blood and infect the person. And here is the liver! I multiply in the cells, and the family penetrates into red blood cells, eats up the hemoglobin in them, and, sharing schizogony, leaves its dear “home.” Sporozoites and schizonts, Merozoites and gamonts,..... My cycle proceeds smoothly, And the victim has a fever! I look so changeable! I am a dangerous parasite With a mass of “legs” - pseudopodia; I am a malarial plasmodium!” * Source – V.N. Frosin “Biology in my life: memories of a medical student” (7th ed.) – Kazan, ed. LLC “Dialogue-Computers”, 2006, 54 p.
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Report No. 2
The slipper ciliate is the simplest single-celled organism. This organism can be found in fresh water bodies, and if desired, you can even examine it. A distinctive feature of ciliates is the presence of cilia, and a body shape resembling a shoe (which is why it got its name).
Movement
The body of the ciliate moves by contracting the cilia. Attached to the body with the help of basal bodies, they move according to the principle of rowing. The average speed of movement using cilia is approximately 3 mm per second.
Nutrition
On the body of the ciliate in front and to the middle there is a groove on which there are longer cilia. At the end of the groove there is the mouth opening of the organism.
When moving, long cilia move water, with the help of which bacteria, which are its main food, enter the ciliate’s mouth. When they enter the body of a protozoan, they are found in the cytoplasm, during which digestive vacuoles are formed around the food, which subsequently break off and move along the flow of the cytoplasm. After the food has been digested, residues remain from it, which exit the protozoan’s body through the powder, the posterior opening of the body.
Elimination and respiration
Respiration in ciliates occurs approximately according to the same principle as in similar protozoan organisms. There is one contractile vacuole on the front and back of the body. The vacuoles contract alternately with a frequency of about 23 seconds. Water and harmful waste products accumulated in the cytoplasm are released through the vacuoles.
Also in the cytoplasm of the shoe organism there are two nuclei, large and small, each of which performs its own function. The small nucleus has a dividing function and plays a major role in the reproduction of the organism. The large nucleus is responsible for all other vital processes (nutrition, movement, excretion).
Reproduction
Mostly in the summer, the slipper ciliate begins to actively feed, after which the body divides. The small nucleus, having separated from the large one, is divided into 2 identical parts, which are distributed into the front and back parts of the body of the organism. After this, the large nucleus divides. The body stops feeding and begins to stretch in different directions. The nuclei again move away in different directions. After active stretching, the halves of the organism divide and move away from each other, thus creating two identical organisms. These organisms begin to feed and after about a day they repeat the division process. After a certain number of divisions, two organisms are connected to each other on the ventral side, and begin to exchange nuclear information, after which two unique organisms are obtained, which can be called “spouses”.
Irritation
The ciliate organism is irritable. By placing ciliates in one drop of water and bacteria in another drop of water, if a water bridge is formed between the drops, the ciliates will begin to smoothly move towards the drop with food (bacteria). Also, ciliates are very irritable to salt. This shows that the protozoan organism responds to the actions of the environment, like any other living organism.
7th grade
