Outline of a leisure activity for preschool children

Planning cultural and leisure activities in preschool educational institutions

Kalmykova Anastasia Albertovna

Highest qualification category

Saratov

MDOU "Kindergarten No. 62"

Senior teacher

OOP preschool educational institution compiled taking into account the approximate program “From birth to school” Ed. N. E. Veraksy, T. S. Komarova, M. A. Vasilyeva. - M.: MOSAIC-SYNTHESIS, 2020.

Cultural and leisure activities

Planning entertainment

in all groups of preschool educational institutions

Development type "Planning"

Explanatory note

With the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard DO1 (hereinafter referred to as the Standard), the model of organizing the educational process radically changed. The educational model was replaced by a comprehensive thematic model, through age-appropriate forms and types of children's activities. The solution of educational problems in this model occurs in the joint activity of children and adults and in the independent activity of children.

In accordance with the requirements of the Standard, the educational program of the preschool educational institution includes a section “Cultural and leisure activities”, dedicated to the features of traditional events, holidays, and events. The development of cultural and leisure activities of preschoolers according to their interests allows each child to have rest (passive and active), emotional well-being, and contributes to the formation of the ability to occupy themselves.

The objectives of cultural and leisure activities are determined by the approximate program “From birth to school” Ed. N. E. Veraksy, T. S. Komarova, M. A. Vasilyeva. — M.: MOSAIC-SYNTHESIS, 2020:

Rest

. To teach children to engage in interesting independent activities in their free time, to admire the beauty of natural phenomena: listen to birdsong, the sound of rain, make crafts, draw, etc.

Entertainment

. Develop a desire to actively participate in entertainment, communicate, be friendly and responsive; meaningfully use acquired knowledge and skills in independent activities. Develop creativity, curiosity, memory, imagination, and the ability to behave correctly in various situations. Expand ideas about the art, traditions and customs of the peoples of Russia, consolidate the ability to use acquired skills and knowledge in life.

Holidays.

Expand children's understanding of international and public holidays. Develop a sense of belonging to national celebrations. Involve children in active, varied participation in preparation for the holiday and its implementation. Foster a sense of satisfaction from participating in collective pre-holiday activities. Form the foundations of festive culture.

Independent activity

. Provide children with opportunities to conduct experiments with various materials (water, sand, clay, etc.); for observing plants, animals, and surrounding nature. Develop the ability to play board-printed and didactic games. To support the desire of preschoolers to show their collections (postcards, candy wrappers, etc.) and talk about their contents. Develop the ability to plan and organize your own independent activities, interact with peers and adults.

Creation

. Improve independent musical, artistic and cognitive activities. To create the need to creatively spend free time for socially significant purposes, engaging in various activities: music, art, theater, etc. Promote visits to art and aesthetic studios based on the child’s interests.

The planning of cultural and leisure activities below takes into account comprehensive thematic planning, calendar holidays and the priority area of ​​work of the preschool educational institution, and also used the book “Entertainment in kindergarten. A manual for educators and music directors" Compiled by: L. Furmina, A. Shibitskaya, Liya Panteleeva, Publisher: Prosveshchenie, 1975

Cultural and leisure activities

in the 2nd junior group

2015-2016 academic year

Cultural and leisure activities

In a mixed age group (4-6 years old)

2015-2016 academic year

Cultural and leisure activities

in a mixed age group (5-7 years)

2015-2016 academic year

Cultural and leisure activities

in the preparatory school group

2015-2016 academic year

FEDERAL STATE EDUCATIONAL STANDARD OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated October 17, 2013 N 1155

All-Russian interactive educational portal "Axioma"

performed:

Leonidova Margarita Ruslanovna

additional development teacher

CRR "Buratino"

Omsk

The problem of organizing leisure time is not new; famous teachers and psychologists have shown interest in it. So K.D. Ushinsky believed that “when a person is left in his hands without work, in his head without thoughts, then morality, head and heart deteriorate precisely at these moments.” The word “leisure” in Russian has been around since the 15th century, and comes from the verb “to achieve.” Leisure currently refers to free, non-working time, which a person disposes of at his own choice and discretion. Leisure is an opportunity to do something or achieve something [40, p.225].

S.I. Ozhegov interprets leisure as time free from work. L.D. Mardakhaev defines leisure for preschoolers as free time from school, used for walks, games, and various types of free activities according to the interests of children [30, p. 86]. Free time is leisure time that the child himself has under the supervision of adults or at his own discretion [55, p. 220].

Leisure activities are carried out both in preschool institutions and in the family. The task of teachers and parents is to ensure that leisure time is spent wisely, i.e. develop the child’s personal qualities. In the studies of modern psychology and pedagogy A.V. Antonov, A.V. Darinsky, M.B. Zatsepin, T.S. Komarov, L.N. Galiguzov, A.D. Zharkov, V.M. Chizhikov considers leisure as a complex social phenomenon, including rest, holiday, entertainment, creativity and self-education.

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Organizations of leisure activities are classified as follows:

1) rest - and restores spiritual and physical strength; relieves fatigue

2) entertainment - watching cartoons, various entertainment programs, attending concerts, etc.

3) holidays - a combination of entertainment and relaxation, allowing the child to feel an emotional uplift;

4) self-education – these are those that introduce cultural values ​​and combine the acquisition of entertainment and knowledge;

5) creativity - represents the highest level of leisure activity.

In the leisure area, active and passive rest are distinguished. Passive rest brings relaxation, reduction of tension, and elimination of stress on the body. This provides a person with a change of impressions and is compensatory in nature. Active rest is a redistribution of loads based on a change in activities.

Active recreation involves:

-communication,

-games and outdoor recreation

- sports and recreational activities,

- entertainment activities (watching TV shows, walking, listening to music, etc.),

-intellectual and cognitive activity of an active nature (activities in clubs, reading, etc.).

For children of senior preschool age, rest consists of learning to engage in interesting and meaningful activities in their free time.

Entertainment has a compensatory nature. This allows you to go beyond the monotony of everyday life, therefore, in the life of preschoolers there should always be bright moments that enrich impressions and develop creative activity.

Environmental competitions 2017 held at VIOP "Axioma"

The comprehensive development of a child is facilitated by entertainment, which introduces various types of art: visual, musical, theatrical, literary, etc. Entertainment raises the mood, vitality and awakens joyful feelings. At such events, a preschooler can show independence, initiative, and therefore gain confidence in himself and his abilities; Positive traits such as mutual assistance, goodwill, kindness, and cheerfulness also develop.

In the process of entertainment, the skills and abilities acquired in class are consolidated, and the need to broaden one’s horizons and learn new things deepens. Entertainment plays a special role in the formation of artistic and aesthetic views and abilities. children gain experience and receive incentives for their own creativity. In order for entertainment to truly develop and educate children, it is necessary to carefully plan it, think through the preparation, participation and manifestation of the individual interests and characteristics of children in advance.

Types of entertainment:

1. Attractions are fun situations that give the opportunity to compete in dexterity, courage, and ingenuity organized by the teacher, parents or the children themselves.
2. Surprises are fun, unexpected moments that usually always cause a storm of emotions. When a surprise situation arises, preschool children perk up and intensify their activities. The moment of surprise creates a situation of novelty and surprise, which children so need. The usual need for interesting moments smoothly turns into a cognitive need.
3. Tricks are of keen interest to older preschoolers: there is something mysterious and amazing to the imagination associated with them.
4. Jokes are used at holiday parties and entertainment, during breaks between games, and at any suitable time.
5. Charades involve guessing a word by its parts. Older preschoolers should be introduced to the technique of guessing them,

before you make charades.

1. Riddles introduce children to the world around them, broaden the horizons of preschoolers, develop attention and memory, and enrich speech.

Holidays form knowledge about holidays and weekdays. They cultivate attention and love for the people around them, and the ability to present hand-made gifts. There is an acquaintance with the historical appearance of holidays, they are taught to treat folk holidays, customs, and traditions with care. What arouses children's interest is the preparation for the holiday itself, which also shapes their moral qualities. The process itself causes joyful excitement among older preschoolers, and all its participants unite. Adults should take an active part in the design of the hall, group room, and give vent to the children’s desire to participate in dancing and staged games.[19].

Self-education is a cognitive, purposeful activity that teaches how to acquire systematic knowledge in all areas of development and learning by observation, experimental activities, looking at illustrations, and watching TV shows. Self-education of a preschooler occurs under the strict guidance of adults, which largely depends on the subject-developmental environment (mainly created by adults

The need for self-education, their horizons, and the desire for new knowledge fully depends on adults. Self-education, which is a type of cultural and leisure activity for older preschoolers, includes reading books, games, looking at illustrations, and excursions [19, p. 11].

Creative activity as a type of leisure activity does not always lead to the expected result, but participation in it does not pass without a trace. All preschool children have abilities: they are full of desire to do something interesting, they are inquisitive, but often do not have the skills and abilities, so for this, a creative design environment (clubs, studios) necessary for their development is created [19, p.28].

The senseless pastime of many children, empty, and sometimes antisocial fun has become a common phenomenon of modern society.

Leisure time has a huge impact on the cognitive activity of children.

Thematic weeks when planning in a preschool educational institution include various forms of leisure activities that make classes interesting, exciting, playful, which are selected according to a specific topic and usually consist of seven blocks: development of thinking, cognitive block, speech development, visibility, development of fine motor skills, creative block, physical development.

basic forms:

Game clock. During the play hour, children get acquainted with games of various types (folk and modern). Children of senior preschool age are interested in checkers, lotto, chess, etc. Children's leisure time is greatly enriched by learning games and further consolidation in daily play activities.

Musical hours: Children learn new songs, sing well-known ones, dance, play musical games, etc. This is a time of great variety of activities.

Travel game. Represents the sequential passage of various points along a previously prepared route. Preschoolers are given game tasks (to visit Tsar Berendey). It is necessary to make stops along the route where various games and tasks will be offered, in accordance with the themes of the week. —————————

Reading, learning poetry. Despite the rapid decrease in the share of reading in the leisure activities of modern children, this type of activity still occupies one of the leading positions and is interpreted as one of the forms of leisure activity. Research in recent years shows that children's reading has become more functional and practical, while the function of leisure reading is most often realized with the help of various periodicals, i.e. magazines and newspapers. The modern market is represented by various types of children's leisure periodicals. We can say that most publications intended for young audiences, regardless of age orientation and functional purpose, are entertaining. They are created on the principle of “entertaining and teaching.”

Game elements that are mandatory in publications for children are riddles, coloring books, board games, homemade products, etc.

Thus, modern leisure periodicals for children fully correspond to the characteristics and nature of children's leisure. Most leisure periodicals are alien to the opposition between “school time and leisure” and embody the principle of activity, including numerous gaming and developmental-educational tasks. Their structure corresponds to the principle of unregulated, free activity; the genre and thematic content satisfies the interests of childhood and acts as a unique zone of limited adult intervention.

Children's theater. Theatrical activity is one of the means of aesthetic, moral education and artistic development of a child.

There are several types of theatrical activities for preschoolers:

stage production or dramatization (with the participation of children),

puppet show,

finger,

shadow,

theater on flannelgraph,

tabletop theater, etc.

In games - dramatizations, the child artist independently creates an image using a set of means of expression (intonation, facial expressions, pantomime), and performs his own actions in playing the role. In a dramatization game, a child performs a plot, the script of which exists in advance, but is not a rigid canon, but serves as a framework within which improvisation develops. Improvisation can concern not only text, but also stage action.

Types of dramatization: games imitating images of animals, people, literary characters; role-playing dialogues based on text; staging of works; staging performances based on one or more works; Improvisation games where the plot is played out without prior preparation. Dramatizations are based on the actions of a performer, who may use puppets.

it is necessary to provide the conditions required for self-realization in the process of leisure activities so that the impressions that children receive are diverse.

The broader the interests of children, the more they show curiosity and passion, the more impressions they will receive.

Play, the most important activity, plays a huge role in the development and upbringing of a child. It is an effective means of shaping the personality of a preschooler and his moral and volitional qualities.

Play is the most natural and productive way for children to learn: the acquisition of various knowledge and skills is carried out in activities that are attractive and motivated for them. The game promotes the development of voluntary behavior and independence in children. Play is an important condition for the social development of children: in it they get acquainted with various types of adult activities, learn to understand the feelings and state of other people, empathize with them, acquiring communication skills with peers and older children [13, p.3].

Based on the above, we can conclude that the forms of organizing leisure activities for older preschoolers, both in the family and in a preschool educational institution, are active and passive recreation, entertainment, holidays, creativity of children and adults, as well as the child’s self-education, which occurs under the guidance of adults. In preschool age, children begin to focus on the world of adults and strive to recreate it in play in order to feel like a socially significant person or transform a situation and thereby bring it closer to themselves. At the same time, theatrical play promotes the personal growth and development of the child, but only with the participation of adults. By observing the child’s behavior in play, parents learn to understand his problems, unspoken experiences, recognizing the child’s right to express his feelings and emotions.

Long-term plan for leisure and entertainment in the preparatory group

Long-term plan for leisure and entertainment in the preparatory group “Luchiki” for 2020 – 2020.

Educator: Karpukhina N.A.

September

First week

Leisure: “Day of Knowledge.”

Goal: to create a festive atmosphere, to show children the importance of acquiring knowledge, to cultivate respect for books and teaching professions, and to develop creative abilities.

Second week

Entertainment: “The red summer has passed.”

Goal: to give children pleasure, create a joyful mood and a positive attitude through songs and dances.

Third week

Design of the wall newspaper “Summer, oh summer” (team work).

Goal: to continue to develop collective creativity, to cultivate the desire to act in concert, to agree on who will do what part of the work, how individual images will be combined into the overall picture.

Fourth week

Physical education “Visiting the forest boy.”

Goal: to develop children’s interest in a healthy lifestyle, physical education and sports, improve children’s motor skills and abilities, and create a joyful mood.

October

First week

KVN "Let's do arithmetic."

Goal: to develop visual perception, attention, a sense of teamwork and mutual assistance during leisure time. Development of curiosity and cognitive motivation in children.

Second week

Sports festival "Autumn festivities".

Goal: increase motor activity, improve children’s motor skills and abilities, create a joyful, cheerful mood.

Third week

The game is a dramatization of the fairy tale “Under the Fungus” by V. Suteev.

Goal: to create favorable conditions for creative activity in children through theatrical activities, to develop in children an interest in play - dramatization, the ability to improvise to music. Activate people's speech activity.

Fourth week

Entertainment “His Majesty is Electricity.”

Goal: to generalize children's knowledge about electricity. Expand ideas about where electricity lives and how it helps people, consolidate the rules of safe behavior when handling electrical appliances in everyday life.

November

First week

Travel to the city road signs.

Goal: to consolidate knowledge about traffic rules and road signs in a playful way. Deepen your knowledge of street rules. To promote the development of caution on the roads, to cultivate attention and concentration.

Second week

Entertainment "The Way of the Masters"

Goal: to consolidate children’s knowledge about professions, to introduce Russian folk culture through musical activities.

Third week

Physical education "Strong, dexterous and brave."

Goal: to improve skills in performing basic movements, develop physical qualities, consolidate knowledge about a healthy lifestyle, and cultivate mutual assistance in games and relay races.

Fourth week

“A gift for my beloved mother” (making dolls from threads).

Goal: to expand ideas about folk customs, the role of things in rituals, and their symbolic meaning. Acquaintance with a folk craft - making dolls from threads.

December

First week

Dramatization of the fairy tale "The Fox and the Crane".

Goal: to develop in children the ability to imitate fairy tale characters with their voice and facial expressions. Teach children to memorize characters' dialogues. Cultivate courage. Develop emotionality. Memory.

Second week

Musical entertainment “Music and Poetry”.

Goal: to introduce students to musical culture, to cultivate interest in music and types of musical activities.

Third week

Physical education entertainment “Fun Starts”.

Goal: to improve the technique of basic movements, achieving ease, accuracy, and expressiveness of their execution. Strengthen the skills of performing sports exercises, cultivate endurance, perseverance, and determination.

Fourth week

Quiz "Fairy tales are our friends."

Goal: to generalize children’s knowledge about fairy tales, to develop the ability to recognize fairy tales and their characters, to develop creative imagination and associative memory. Foster the need to read books. To cultivate a love for oral folk art, for fairy tales of various writers.

January

Second week

Musical leisure "Christmas time".

Goal: to continue to acquaint children with folk customs, to introduce Russian folk culture through musical activities.

Third week

Evening of riddles “Winter Sorceress” (making magic snowflakes).

Goal: to develop children's ingenuity, intelligence, and attention. Develop children's creative imagination.

Fourth week

Physical education “Zimushka – winter”.

Goal: to promote the development of physical qualities: speed, agility, endurance, strength through outdoor games, relay races. Ensure high physical activity of children. Create a joyful mood, a positive atmosphere.

February

First week

Quest game "Children's Book Day".

Goal: to arouse interest in fairy tales and works of children's writers. Improve the ability to express your thoughts and judgments. Enrich vocabulary, develop creative abilities.

Second week

Musical entertainment "Good Soldiers".

Goal: to create a joyful holiday atmosphere, to create a desire to actively participate in games and relay races. To instill in children respect for the Russian army and a sense of patriotism.

Third week

Listening to the audio recording “The Frog Princess”.

Goal: to cultivate perseverance in children, the ability to listen carefully to a work, remember its contents, and the main characters. Learn to answer questions about the work.

Fourth week

Sports entertainment "Sport, sport, sport."

Goal: to improve the technique of passing the baton, to develop the ability to compete. Develop speed-strength and motor qualities, promote endurance, perseverance and independence.

March

First week

Entertainment “Hello Mother Spring. Maslenitsa".

Goal: to contribute to the creation of positive emotions from the joint celebration of the event. Continue to introduce children to oral folk art, riddles, and games.

Second week

Musical concert “Guess the melody, based on the works of V. Shainsky.”

Goal: to consolidate children’s knowledge of V. Shainsky’s works, to develop auditory attention and memory.

Third week

Fun "Magic colors".

Goal: to consolidate non-traditional drawing techniques - lexography, blotography, photocopy. To develop children’s ability to create a composition and independently select colors in accordance with the invented plot. Continue to develop sensory and emotional perception of the world around you.

Fourth week

Physical education “We welcome spring, see off winter.”

Goal: to bring children joy from interacting with each other in physical and play activities.

April

First week

A day of laughter and jokes, fun with balloons.

Goal: to develop the need to communicate with peers, to cultivate a sense of humor in children.

Second week

Musical and sports entertainment "Baba Yaga's tricks in space."

Goal: to form emotional responsiveness to the nature of music, improve dance movements, using previously acquired skills. Develop the ability to show imagination and creativity.

Third week

Quiz "In search of treasure."

Goal: development of imagination and creative activity, formation of cognitive actions, formation of consciousness. Expanding the experience of orientation in space.

Fourth week

Thematic holiday “Birds are returning to us.”

Goal: further formation of elementary environmental ideas. Developing the ability to behave correctly in nature, cultivating love for nature, and the desire to protect it.

May

First week

Quest game "Victory Day May 9".

Goal: to raise the emotional mood of children. Formation of citizenship, education of love for the Motherland, patriotic feelings.

Second week

Music quiz “Day of Music”

Goal: to activate and enrich the musical culture of children.

Third week

Physical education activity “Birthday of Mukha Tsikotukha”

Goal: to promote the formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle, children’s emotional and positive response to fun activities based on outdoor games and exercises.

Fourth week

Entertainment "Be polite"

Goal: develop communication skills, stimulate emotional empathy between children and peers. Develop good relationships between children.

A fun game for kindergarten “Guess the syllable”

This is an active, fun game that can be played in kindergarten during a walk or in the gym. The main thing is that the players have a flat surface under their feet.

Any fun game in kindergarten is not just for fun, it sets a number of developmental goals and objectives.

The purpose of the fun game “Guess the Syllable” is to train children’s attention, the ability to listen and take actions only after they understand what is being said. This fun kindergarten game also introduces children to new words and concepts. Each time, giving commands words, the teacher should ask the children whether they know the meaning of a particular word, and if not, then introduce the children to an unfamiliar concept.

A line is drawn on the floor or ground along which the participants of the game stand. Up to twenty people, divided into two teams, can play. You need to stand in the following way: the toe of one foot is at the line, the second foot is slightly behind.

The task of the team members is to hear their word spoken by the leader, cross the line and hit someone from the other team. Then everything repeats all over again.

The words can be different, the point is that each time both pairs of words begin with the same syllables. Each pair of words can be repeated five or six times. The presenter pronounces the word, deliberately stretching out the first syllable to add intrigue to the game and interest the children. Before each change of words, the presenter agrees with the teams who will have which word.

Examples of pairs of words: cow - crown, butterfly - grandmother, camel - helicopter, plane - scooter, cheburek - Cheburashka, transition - pass, dam - carpenter, change - break, desert - emptiness, ball - scarf, mittens - brew, steamer - locomotive