Introducing preschool children to the works of J. S. Bach

On duty

After completing his studies, Johann Sebastian was sent to Duke Ernst to serve as a musician at court. Dissatisfaction with his dependent position forces him to change jobs. In 1704, Bach received the position of organist of the New Church in Arndstadt. The summary of the article does not allow us to dwell in detail on the work of the great composer, but it was at this time that he created many talented works. Collaboration with the poet Christian Friedrich Henrici and the court musician Telemachus enriched the music with new motifs. In 1707, Bach moved to Mülhusen and continued to work as a church musician and engage in creative work. The authorities are satisfied with his work, the composer receives a reward.

Johann Sebastian Bach. Biography and creativity

The future composer was born in 1685 in the small town of Eisenach, into a musical family. For the whole family it was a traditional profession. Johann's first music teacher was his father. The boy had an excellent voice and sang in the choir. At the age of 9 he became an orphan. After the death of his parents, he was raised by Johann Christoph (elder brother). At the age of 15, the boy graduated from the Ohrdruf Lyceum with honors and moved to Lüneburg, where he began singing in the choir of the “chosen ones”. By the age of 17, he learned to play various instruments: viola, harpsichord, organ, violin. Since 1703 he has lived in different cities: Arnstadt, Weimar, Mühlhausen. Bach's life and work during this period were full of certain difficulties. He constantly changes his place of residence, which is due to his reluctance to feel dependent on certain employers. He served as a musician (as an organist or violinist). Working conditions also constantly dissatisfied him. At this time, his first compositions for clavier and organ, as well as spiritual cantatas, appeared.

Continuation of the creative path

In 1717, Bach entered the service of the Duke of Anhalt-Köthen, who highly valued his talent. During the period from 1717 to 1723, Bach's magnificent suites (for orchestra, cello, clavier) appeared.

Bach's Brandenburg concertos, English and French suites were written in Köthen.

In 1723, the musician received the position of cantor and teacher of music and Latin in the Church of St. Thomas, then became music director in Leipzig. Johann Sebastian Bach's wide repertoire included both secular and wind music. During his life, Johann Sebastian Bach managed to be the head of a music college. Several cycles of the composer Bach used all kinds of instruments ("Musical Offering", "The Art of Fugue")

Christmas Oratorio

" Christmas Oratorio " consists of 6 parts. They are all uniform, i.e. At first we hear a luxurious, solemn choir or an instrumental piece, a symphony with a very festive character. And at the end of each part there is a church chorale.

All parts have their own gospel narrative. The oratorio was written in 1734, based on cantatas he had previously composed. It was first performed during the Christmas holidays in 1735 in the Leipzig Church of St. Thomas. The basis is the plot set out in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, the recitatives are full of warmth and sublimity.

last years of life

In the last years of his life, Bach was rapidly losing his sight. His music was then considered unfashionable and outdated. Despite this, the composer continued to work. In 1747, he created a cycle of plays called “Music of the Offering”, dedicated to the Prussian king Frederick the Second. The last work was the collection of works “The Art of Fugue”, which included 14 fugues and 4 canons.

Johann Sebastian Bach died on July 28, 1750 in Leipzig, but his musical legacy remains immortal.

A short biography of Bach does not give a complete picture of the composer’s complex life path or his personality. You can learn more about his life and work by reading the books of Johann Forkel, Robert Franz, and Albert Schweitzer.

Summary of a music lesson for children in the preparatory group. Bach's music

Musical lesson in kindergarten.
Music of Bach. Abstract Author: Anna Vladimirovna Molokova - music director in kindergarten Goal: to introduce children to the music of J. S. Bach. Objectives: - Distinguish between different types of music, determine the sound and tempo of music, introduce children to new musical instruments, perform dance movements to the music of a minuet.
— Develop skills in expressive reading of poetic text; skills in playing children's musical instruments. — Cultivate interest in works of foreign classical music. Progress of the lesson:

Musical director - Children, we learned that Mozart was called the “Miracle of the 18th century”. You sang his “Lullaby” and “Spring” songs, and performed the “Turkish March” in the orchestra. And today we will open the door to the wonderful world of Johann Sebastian Bach’s music, and you will see how different it can be! - What do you see in my hands? Children - Treble Clef! Musical director - Correct. He will help us open this magical door, because the treble clef is written from the second line - where the note “salt” lives. And Bach really loved the sound of this note. He even wrote an “Aria for the G String.” The musical director performs the beginning of the Aria. Children speak in turns. — The great German composer Bach was born in the spring. — Bach was born on March 21. — It was 300 years ago. — At the age of 10, Bach was left without parents. “He was left with two brothers who were older than him. “The older brother Christophe was very strict. The musical director , Christophe, gave Bach pieces to play on the harpsichord, Johann quickly learned them and asked to give him even more difficult ones, but Christophe did not agree. Then Bach, at night in the moonlight, copied the notes of famous composers, so that he could then play them himself. Everyone in Bach’s family was musicians: grandfather, father, and even Bach’s five sons. Bach's grandfather was a baker, but when he went to the mill, he always took a zither with him and played it while the grain was ground. Bach's favorite instrument was the organ. Throughout his life, Bach played the organ in various churches. Child - Like thunder thundering in the mountains - Bach sits at the organ! How the peals are heard in the distance - This is how his Toccata sounds. Children listen to a fragment of Bach's Toccata in D Minor. Musical director - These sounds are amazing! It’s as if billions of distant stars are shining in space, forming a wondrous bridge. Child - The clock is ticking, the clock is singing, And the hands are moving steadily in a circle. Here it is morning, noon, evening, night - Everything repeats itself exactly. Musical director - Time and years pass, But music always lives! The musical director performs Bach's Prelude in C minor (collection "Little Preludes and Fugues"), and the children perform rhythmic accompaniment on triangles of different sizes, which will represent the striking of the clock. Musical director - And now we will play the game “Sunshine and Rain.” I will give you bright yellow ribbons - these will be rays of sunshine. To the smooth music, you will imitate the sun's rays, dancing with ribbons. And when the music is abrupt, you will hide under the umbrellas. Child - Many suns sparkle. The sea reflects the sun, As if oranges are jumping, - These are the sounds of a harpsichord! Game "Sunshine and Rain". The musical director alternately performs either a fragment of “Ave Maria” (Prelude in C major, xtk 1 volume), or a fragment of Prelude No. 2 in C minor (xtk 1 volume). To the first piece of music, children dance, imitating rays of sunshine; under the second - they hide under open umbrellas. Musical director - Bach wrote many minuets, because the minuet was the most fashionable dance at that time. Now you too will dance a minuet to the music of Bach. Child - The dolls move in a circle. They will bow to each other, Then they will disperse somewhere, And then they will come together again... By candlelight. The parquet shines. This dance is a minuet. Children dressed as dolls perform Minuet (in D minor). Musical director - Children, what musical instrument can convey the clatter of galloping horses? Children - Wooden spoons! Musical director - Well done! Let's take them and decorate Bach's music. Child - Here the horsemen are rushing, their hooves are knocking, and a waterfall is pouring from the top of the mountain. And it seems that the horses are flying up into the sky, and then the riders are being lowered to the ground again. The musical director performs Prelude No. 6 in D minor (from HTC Volume 1), and the children accompany its rhythm by playing spoons. Child - The rain is knocking cheerfully. The flute sounds joyfully. Bach joked a little - he composed the play “The Joke”! Listening to Bach's "Jokes" in an orchestral performance. Musical director - Children, now guess the riddle: What kind of instrument is this? It's like he's alive! They inflate him greatly, And then he plays himself: Now he whistles, now he hums, And he moves his hands! Children guess, and the music director shows a picture of bagpipes. Bach's piece "Bagpipes" is performed.
Musical director - Children, what music of Bach did you like best?
The children answer. Musical director - To conclude our lesson, let's sing the song “Bach is Playing.” Children sing - The spring air smells of music, And the world is filled with a joyful drop. And above the Earth, and above the Earth, Bach plays, Bach plays, Bach plays, and the sounds of his music, like ringing drops, fly, fly to the earth. (music by V. Egorov). Equipment : Portrait of J. S. Bach, Triangles of different sizes, wooden spoons, yellow ribbons, two umbrellas, costumes for the minuet, candle and candlestick, illustration with bagpipes, treble clef.

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The ideological content and range of images of Johann Sebastian Bach

The composer's work is rich in its figurative content. From the pen of a true master come both extremely simple and extremely majestic creations. Bach's art contains simple-minded humor, deep sorrow, philosophical reflection, and acute drama. The brilliant Johann Sebastian in his music reflected such significant aspects of his era as religious and philosophical problems. With the help of the amazing world of sounds, he reflects on the eternal and very important questions of human life:

About the moral duty of man.
About his role in this world and purpose.
About life and death.

These reflections are directly related to religious topics. And this is not surprising. The composer served the church almost all his life, so he wrote most of the music for it. At the same time, he was a believer and knew the Holy Scriptures. His reference book was the Bible, written in two languages (Latin and German). He kept fasts, went to confession, and observed church holidays. A few days before his death he took communion. The composer's main character is Jesus Christ. In this ideal image, Bach saw the embodiment of the best qualities inherent in man: purity of thoughts, strength of spirit, loyalty to the chosen path. The sacrificial feat of Jesus Christ for the salvation of humanity was the most sacred for Bach. This theme was the most important in the composer’s work.

Vocal and choral works

Cantatas. Beginning in 1723, Bach worked in the Church of St. Thomas, and every Sunday, as well as on holidays, he led the performance of cantatas. Although he sometimes staged cantatas by other composers, Johann Sebastian wrote at least 3 cycles of his works in Leipzig, not counting those composed in Weimar and Mühlhausen. In total, more than 300 cantatas devoted to spiritual themes were created, of which approximately 200 have survived.
Motets. Motets, authored by Johann Sebastian Bach, are works on spiritual themes for choir and basso continuo. Some of them were composed for funeral ceremonies.
Passions, or passions, oratorios and magnificata. Bach's major works for choir and orchestra are the St. John Passion, the St. Matthew Passion (both written for Good Friday in the churches of St. Thomas and St. Nicholas) and the Christmas Oratorio (a cycle of 6 cantatas intended for the Christmas service ). Shorter works are “Easter Oratorio” and “Magnificat”.
"Mass in B Minor". Bach created his last major work, the Mass in B Minor, between 1748 and 1749. The Mass was never staged in its entirety during the composer's lifetime.

Lesson summary “Creative portrait of J.S. Bach” lesson plan on music on the topic