Prevention of the use of surfactants speech at a parent meeting Prepared by mathematics teacher V.A. Kotov. 1. What are the harms of drug addiction?
First, we would like to draw your attention to the evidentiary fact that the “handwriting” (mechanism of action on the body) of alcohol, tobacco, narcotic and other toxic substances is almost the same when used by a person. This similarity is due to the following objective circumstance. The human body, being formed in its historical development, did not “foresee” the ugly anomalies of civilization that it had to encounter, and therefore found itself equally defenseless against them.
We would like to draw your attention to another very important circumstance: the younger the human body, the more insidious the effect of toxic substances on it. This is the similarity of the human body with the animal and plant world in the sense of response to harmful influences.
Another feature of drugs is that their harmful effects appear at any age. In other words, the human body does not have time to develop protection against these poisons over the entire period of its existence.
The harm of drug addiction also lies in the fact that when narcotic poisons influence the human body, and in experiments, the body of animals, all organs and systems are affected without exception. Even the first single dose of a narcotic substance can be fatal or lead to severe consequences and disability. Remember this!
The road to drugs is a one-way path! This is precisely the conclusion that many foreign psychologists and sociologists come to when observing the tragic fates of young people caught in a drug trap. Unfortunately, the analysis of each case confirms the truth of this conclusion, no matter in what part of the world the tragedy occurred.
If the use of a narcotic or other toxic substance is extended over time, then the irreversible consequences do not decrease. Let us remember the ancient Latin proverb: “A drop breaks a stone not by force, but by frequent falling.” The consequences (in terms of their severity and severity) from the consumption of alcohol, drugs, tobacco, and other toxic substances, as a rule, are directly dependent on the duration of poisoning. With every puff of tobacco smoke, alcohol and drugs, the health and youth, beauty and strength of young people are carried away irrevocably.
Teenagers and young adults suffering from drug addiction become ugly, literally and figuratively. Their appearance is characterized by sloppiness. The skin becomes pale, with a yellowish-earthy tint, often with pigmentation unusual for young age. The general appearance is so painful that passers-by begin to look after such young people with sympathy. If we are talking about a girl, then no one will say about her: “Blood and milk.” By the way, girls who are smokers and drug addicts begin to acutely feel the loss of their beauty and, in order to save, as they say, the situation at any cost, they resort to all kinds of blush and enhanced cosmetics. Sometimes this serves as a reliable sign that a girl either smokes or uses other toxic substances, since youth and youth do not need cosmetics. The harm of drug addiction manifests itself in sudden weight loss, decreased body weight, changes in body posture, and premature aging. Life expectancy is reduced by an average of 20 years, a characteristic change in hair color and elasticity develops - it becomes brittle and loses its natural color. Often drug addicts become “piebald” and are forced to resort to early dyeing and perming of their hair. Very characteristic signs for those who consume narcotic and other toxic substances are destruction (caries), tooth loss, inflammation of the oral mucosa and gums, a specific smell from the oral cavity that does not disappear after brushing with toothpaste and elixirs. In persons who consume narcotic or other toxic substances, the initial muscle strength sharply decreases.
One of the terrible consequences of drug addiction is that after taking narcotic or other toxic drugs, further physical development of the young person’s body stops.
It is characteristic that even among adolescents with drug addiction, behind the external bravado and indifference to their condition, anxiety and fear for their future often arise. This confusion may be a reason to seek medical help. Let us note that the loss of health, the “lack of it”, if one may say so, is in most cases an irreparable loss. The consumption of narcotic and other toxic substances by boys and girls sharply deforms and delays the development of their secondary sexual characteristics. In this case, we are talking not only and not so much about external sexual characteristics, but about gross changes in the genetic background of a particular individual responsible for the health of future offspring.
The poor health of drug addicts has many faces, but its characteristic feature is the torment of suffering. I have a terrible, debilitating headache. In a state of drug poisoning, teenagers and young people rush about, scream, and moan from pain in the forehead, back of the head, and temples. The headache does not stop for days, weeks and is accompanied by painful nausea, dizziness, vomiting, and fainting. Loss of vision often develops due to the toxic effects of toxic substances on the vessels of the retina. Patients with drug addiction are unable to perform any work. As a rule, others easily notice their helplessness and exhausted appearance.
However, drug-induced suffering is not limited to headaches. There is a disturbance in the rhythm and depth of breathing - there is not enough air; breathing movements are performed with a wide open mouth, which is accompanied by a painful, hacking cough. I would like to especially emphasize that coughing, decreased lung volume, and weakened breathing contribute to the development of stooping in adolescents and young men. Stooping has always been and remains a sign of ill health, a sign that is also visible from a distance. Without healthy lungs there is no healthy person. The slightest physical activity for such a teenager or young man becomes impossible - shortness of breath that does not go away for a long time occurs. Ashamed of their weakness, earned through their stupidity, such young people and teenagers avoid physical activity under any pretext.
It must be admitted that it has a sobering effect on many teenagers who neglect their health, and they, convinced that the tragedy they were heading towards consciously has come close to them, urgently seek medical help. As we see, the consumption of narcotic and other toxic substances, alcoholic beverages, and smoking does not and cannot promise anything other than suffering to its consumers, since poison always remains poison, no matter what beautiful “clothes” it is dressed up in.
Unfortunately, the harm of drug addiction is not limited to such disorders and changes in the body. Poison taken at one's own whim deals the most terrible and powerful blow to the most fragile system of the human body - the nervous system, and primarily the brain. The resulting disruption of brain activity leads to the development of mental disorders.
A one-time, single use of a narcotic or other toxic substance already manifests itself as a mental disorder, which can be accompanied by a sudden loss of consciousness and death or a long-term mental disorder, often ending in disability for adolescents and young people.
disturbances in the emotional and sensory sphere come to the fore. The behavior of adolescents indicates the disintegration and fading of such qualities as kindness, empathy, compassion, attention, empathy towards family and friends, towards others, elders, younger ones and peers. Sympathy for the misfortune and difficulties of others appears less and less often and then completely disappears.
The callousness, callousness and spiritual poverty of such young people becomes an integral part of their fading spiritual harmony. The circle of interests, hobbies, and attachments narrows. The meaning of existence is the search for comfortable idleness. Communication with family and friends is dominated by dissatisfaction, embitterment, grumbling, intolerance, indignation, open hostility, desire and even the desire to inflict mental wounds on them.
The result of the harmful effects of narcotic and other toxic substances on the mental health of adolescents and young people is acute psychosis, accompanied by severe behavioral disorders. Then the surrounding world, as if through curtained windows, cannot “penetrate” into the stupefied, inflamed consciousness of the waster of his health. In the minds of drug addicts, the surrounding reality, glimpses of the consciousness of their tragedy flash like shadows, like clouds torn to shreds...
There are no people who would like to get sick or feel unhealthy. Everyone hopes that their health “will not fail.” Drug addiction destroys, makes hopes for health in its physical and mental components untenable 2. Drug addiction and society
Issues of combating drug addiction and substance abuse are now widely covered in the press and the media. With a scientific approach to this phenomenon, it is necessary to distinguish between drug addiction as a disease and drug addiction as a negative social phenomenon. From this follow various methods of studying these categories and influencing them.
In theoretical terms, drug addiction means a set of illegal actions committed by a criminal using narcotic substances and directed against public health and public safety.
There is a point of view that drug addiction should be considered as one of the forms of deviant behavior, the so-called “escapism” - drunkenness and alcoholism, suicidal behavior, etc.
Some authors define drug addiction as a social phenomenon, the essence of which is the introduction to drug use of certain groups of the population.
This interpretation seems narrow. It does not fully reveal the social essence of the phenomenon and, in particular, its antisocial and illegal nature. Therefore, the opinion expressed in the literature is preferable, according to which narcotism is characterized as an illegal action consisting in the production, storage, acquisition for the purpose of sale and the sale of narcotic drugs itself, as well as their unlawful use.
Medicine has traced a direct relationship between drug addiction and one of the deadly diseases of the century - AIDS. Infection can be transmitted through syringes used by drug addicts during intravenous injection of drugs. Thus, the drug addict either jeopardizes his health or turns into a carrier of infection.
Drug addiction is not only harmful in itself, but also morally degrades the environment and demoralizes unstable people, especially among young people.
Drug addiction is an indispensable symptom of the backward culture of certain groups, which is based on social passivity and disregard for public interests.
One of the most dangerous social aspects of drug addiction is its close connection with crime and other illegal behavior. These phenomena can be compared in the context of cause-and-effect relationships.
The main goal for a drug addict is to get money to buy drugs.
Drug addicts, as a rule, do not suffer from remorse; their moral views do not contradict the lifestyle they lead. Many take an aggressive position, calling for help with demagoguery like “my health, I want to inject drugs, I want to smoke.” Mental infantilism and craving for the “forbidden fruit” at any cost sometimes push them to the most extreme criminal acts, even murder. In search of funds for a poisonous potion, they stop at nothing. Here are lines from a letter from one drug addict addressed to a television studio in the Primorsky Territory: “I am ready to sell my own mother if I need money for drugs.”
a group method of use, with adult experienced drug addicts deliberately involving new people. They “go crazy” and “get high”, as a rule, not alone - by companies that quickly attract new people into the network, often through deception. There are laws of supremacy and subordination here that bind drug lovers with additional shackles. A selective study showed that about half of adolescents received their first drug from the hands of acquaintances. Chronic drug addicts willingly use the services of inexperienced newcomers who, for a meager portion of drugs, become humiliatingly dependent on them and are ready to fulfill any order, including criminal ones, thereby turning into an obedient instrument of antisocial activity. To the question: “Did you assist the investigation in exposing criminal drug addicts?” — 51.3% of convicts surveyed gave a negative answer. Of these, every fifth said that they did not consider it necessary to do this. The rest explained their position with the following arguments: “I consider it beneath my dignity”; “This is betrayal”; “They will still be useful to me”; “I’m not a cop,” etc.
This group also includes such criminal offenses as concealment of a crime and failure to report known, impending or committed facts of theft of narcotic substances, as well as their sale under aggravating circumstances.
3. Social reasons.
Ways to combat drug addiction The task that faces scientists dealing with the problem of drug addiction is to find out when and under what factors this phenomenon is revived, due to what kind of mistakes in individual educational work, shortcomings or omissions of economic and social policy it receives more or less widespread; identify objective and subjective causes in order to develop measures aimed at weakening and neutralizing their effects.
There is a decline in interest in public affairs, a manifestation of lack of spirituality and skepticism, and a decrease in the role of moral principles of labor. A layer of people has grown, including among young people, for whom the purpose of life has been reduced to material well-being, to profit by any means. Their cynical position acquired increasingly militant forms, poisoning the consciousness of those around them, and gave rise to a wave of consumerism. An indicator of the decline in morals was the increase in drunkenness, the spread of drug addiction, and the increase in crime.
The problem of youth drug addiction is especially acute. Over the past 5 years, there has been a steady increase in the number of identified crimes committed by young people due to drug addiction.
Due to the weakening of social control and a number of other reasons, groups of people with clearly expressed proprietary aspirations and a disdainful attitude towards public interests have sharply emerged.
As the study shows, in many cases, drug addiction is paralyzed in an atmosphere of conviction that one can succeed in life through arrogance, meanness, and taking advantage of a “warm” place in trade or the service sector, or in the field of service abroad.
According to the survey, 87.4% of drug addicts place material well-being and pleasure above all else. Thus, ideas about justice are distorted, and the criteria for a person’s true significance are replaced.
It is impossible not to notice that carriers of drug vice are, as a rule, people with a consumer psychology, devoid of any moral ideals. Spiritual emptiness, satiety, and an unbridled thirst for entertainment at a certain stage push us to drugs.
It has been noticed: with the improvement of life, many lose their intransigence to shortcomings, make compromises with their conscience, easily coexist with vice, and live in an atmosphere of half-truths and duplicity. People's passion for foreign things, for trends and tastes fashionable in the West, is growing. Such an atmosphere has a detrimental effect on the formation of the character of the younger generation.
Often wealthy parents protected their children from any labor, especially physical labor, which caused laziness and dependent attitudes. The lack of desire and sincere attitude towards work among many young people erased the humanity in a person, developing parasitism in him. As a result, some of them switch to debauchery, drunkenness and drug addiction.
This conclusion is confirmed by the research materials, which show that a significant proportion of parents of minors (28.7%) were well off financially. Often the wealth in these families is replenished from unearned income; many parents worked in trade.
As judicial practice shows, close relatives often not only meekly supported their children, but also provided them with money to purchase drugs. In such an atmosphere, the psychology of individualism, egoism, and moral permissiveness is formed.
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It seems that the key problem at present is the relationship between material and spiritual values in human upbringing, since material needs cannot exist outside a certain social environment, spiritual culture, and moral and psychological atmosphere in society.
Personality education is a continuous process that is carried out literally on every square meter. As a person is at home, so is he in society. As a rule, the vices of parents are repeated in children: outside the threshold of school they always behave arrogantly and cynically, showing hypocrisy, cruelty, and passivity. Among such teenagers, spontaneous groups arise with immoral views and immoral attitudes that feed drug addiction.
Such significant categories as justice and humanism were distorted, and callousness and callousness began to appear more and more. Under these conditions, irresponsibility and inattention to many pressing problems grew, including the task of developing the moral qualities of the younger generation.
The problem of drug addiction is important from the point of view of not only elucidating the causes that determine it, but also the circumstances under which these causes operate.
In many cases, the formation of bad habits occurs under the influence of those members of the team who themselves are conductors of antisocial aspirations. This is sometimes favored by passivity on the part of healthy forces, a position of non-reaction to evil. As a result, moral deformation and readiness to commit crimes increases in unstable young people.
No less significant are the shortcomings of the educational process in educational institutions, which have an extremely negative impact on the formation of the psychology of adolescents, the development of their spirituality and citizenship.
There is still little work being done to instill public intolerance towards manifestations of drug addiction and substance abuse on the part of students. Often, in order to create the appearance of imaginary prosperity, known facts of drug use by individual teenagers are hushed up, which causes direct damage to the interests of the case.
No less significant reasons lie in serious shortcomings in the organization of free time. Teenagers need spiritual communication with each other. Despite this, the work on creating amateur associations, creative groups, clubs in many educational institutions and neighborhoods is not done in the best way. The development of physical culture and sports is especially lagging behind.
Against this background, asocial groups arise that replace cultural leisure with idle entertainment and empty pastime.
The prevailing opinion is that oral and written propaganda should publicly castigate drug addiction as a shameful phenomenon that cripples, disgraces and humiliates a person. People see this phenomenon as a huge social danger, which jeopardizes not only the physical health of drug addicts, but also disfigures future generations and undermines the moral foundations of society. 4.Prevention of surfactants
Features of drug addiction, set of symptoms
Antisocial behavior in adolescents who abuse drugs is observed long before the onset of drug addiction and is expressed in hooliganism, theft of small items from home, food in self-service stores, extortion of money near schools and cinemas, petty speculation, fights, vagrancy, etc.
It was found that the majority of drug abusers already in early childhood exhibited character traits such as capriciousness, increased irritability and excitability with elements of malice. When freedom of action was limited or initiative was suppressed, they experienced hysterical reactions with motor agitation or retardation, and refusal to answer questions. During the period of study in the primary grades of school, many were characterized by a tendency to lie, which was observed even in cases where there was no reason for this.
The children did not show interest in studying; they prepared for classes under the supervision of adults, refused to do homework if they found it quite difficult, claimed that they did not understand anything, and willingly used the help of parents and classmates.
The subjects refused to do any homework, came up with various excuses to justify their dishonesty, and opposed themselves to their parents and teachers, with whom they had conflicting relationships.
Disciplinary measures taken by parents and teachers usually did not bring the desired result. There were short-term departures from home, a desire to communicate with groups of older people, the main motives of whose behavior were the search for pleasure and entertainment.
During this period, the subjects began to smoke tobacco, occasionally consumed alcohol, drugs or other drugs that caused a state of intoxication or upset consciousness.
Adolescents, for insignificant reasons, experienced reactions of psychomotor agitation with aggressiveness towards loved ones, with threats to commit suicide and leave home. Vagrancy and sexual activity, which often took pathological forms, were characteristic.
There were tendencies to immediately realize their desires, usually associated with pleasure or feelings of anger. At the same time, the specifics of the situation and the consequences of actions were not taken into account. Subsequently, the subjects were capable of adequate self-esteem and regretted what happened, but this did not introduce correction and regulation into their behavior.
Noteworthy were capriciousness, egocentrism, a tendency to excessive fantasy, deceit, the predominance of lower feelings, demonstrativeness, and posturing.
As our observations have shown, the onset of drug addiction in the overwhelming majority of cases occurs in adolescence, during which, during normal human development, social attitudes are actively formed and the nature of social adaptation is determined.
When critical situations arose, hysterical reactions and suicidal attempts, mostly demonstrative, were noted. The more complex life circumstances became, the more clearly the failure of adaptation systems was revealed. This provoked a deepening of depressive states and the search for already proven ways to change mood, reduce anxiety and tension.
Anxiety arising against the background of low mood was combined with other changes in the mental state: a feeling of an uncertain threat from the outside and a melancholy affect.
Drug addiction develops in individuals with pronounced tendencies towards self-affirmation, towards the immediate realization of their claims, who do not have the skills for systematic work, who are burdened by long-term purposeful activity, who are irritable, who are prone to excessive fantasizing, to demonstrative expression of feelings, and to lies.
Various additional negative factors, in particular, traumatic brain injuries and inflammatory diseases of the brain and its membranes, expose previously compensated flaws in personal structures and play a very significant role in the development of prerequisites for the use of narcotic and substance abuse drugs. The fight against drugs is being waged all over the world, including in our country.
In 1998 In Russia, the Federal Law “On Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances” was adopted, which established a ban on taking drugs without a doctor’s prescription.
There are special structures in the country to combat illegal drug trafficking. But so far the situation in the fight against drugs is as follows: doctors treat drug addicts, the police catch drug dealers, teachers teach how to avoid drug addiction, and drug addiction spreads like an oil slick, covering ever larger sections of children and youth. This also happens because people forget or do not know how dangerous the first try of a drug is. Prevention of drug addiction at
present should become the main component of an individual healthy lifestyle system and should be aimed primarily at preventing the first use of drugs, at the formation of a firm life attitude: in any situation and in any cases of life, to prevent the first try of drugs.
Experience shows that in adolescence, for the time being, the desire to take drugs arises only in the company of peers. This can happen on the street, at a disco, at a concert of a popular music group, when you want to be like everyone else, to be cheerful, relaxed, to forget about all your problems. It is in such an environment that the desire to try a drug may arise.
For those who are determined not to become dependent on drugs and want to follow the rules of a healthy lifestyle in life, the authors suggest following How it starts or why young people start taking drugs
There are several reasons for taking the drug:
Social: Dysfunctional family (alcoholism or drug addiction of parents, low property level, lack of emotional contact, single-parent family
Widespread substance abuse in the area;
Inadequate youth policy, lack of a real leisure program, employment of minors;
Residence in areas with low property qualifications (urban areas)
Hereditary burden of mental or drug addiction diseases.
Imitating older or more authoritative peers;
An attempt to neutralize negative emotional experiences;
The desire to conform to the customs of a peer group that is significant to them;
Abnormal personality traits (hedonism, adventurism, excitability, high or low self-esteem, increased conformity, intransigence of character);
Protest reactions (out of spite), against elders (parents, teachers);
Self-destructive behavior;
Curiosity; Submission to pressure and threats.
drug use: Out of boredom (out of curiosity);
For company;
Get away from reality and problems. 5.rules of four “No!” drugs. Rule 1
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Constantly develop a firm “No!” any psychoactive substances (narcotic and toxic drugs), in any dose, no matter how small, in any setting, in any company. Always just “No!” Rule 2.
Constantly developing skills in obtaining pleasure from useful daily activities (good studies, sports, a firm “No!” to idleness, a boring and uninteresting life, idle pastime.
To do this, you can make it a rule to set yourself a task every day: “Today I will do two useful things that I don’t want to do.
But I will do them, I will do them to the end and well.” This daily attitude for yourself will help you build willpower and relieve boredom and idleness. So: “No!” idleness. Rule 3.
In our life, the ability to choose friends and comrades among our peers becomes of great importance.
Third "No!" – to those peers and that company where taking drugs is commonplace. To do this, you may have to overcome your shyness. You must respect your opinion and not be influenced by peers around you who suggest that you try drugs. "No!" – companies where drugs are used. Rule 4
. Fourth “No!” – your shyness and instability when offered to try a drug. Life is more valuable! The tragedy of drug addicts is that they voluntarily fell into slavish dependence on chemicals. They voluntarily took the path of depriving themselves of all human qualities.
Therefore, prevention of the use of psychoactive substances is simply necessary in order to protect the growing population from such a harmful scourge as drug addiction.
Each person is free to make his own choice which path to follow.
Along the path of obtaining pleasure from everyday hard work to improve one’s spiritual and physical qualities, along the path of strengthening one’s health and creating conditions for a prosperous life, or along the false path of obtaining pleasure from taking psychoactive substances, and therefore along the path of destroying one’s health and one’s future well-being.
you will make the right choice and find activities that you will do with pleasure, without any drugs. Active recreation in nature, physical education and sports, expanding one’s knowledge, preparing for professional activity, and creating a strong, prosperous family are the best means for preventing addiction to psychoactive substances. A prosperous life is incompatible with smoking, drinking, or drug addiction. A healthy and happy person is free from these vices.
