Organization and methodology of walks in the summer
Author: Kravyakova Svetlana Vitalievna
Consultation for educators “Organization and methods of conducting walks in the summer”
Good afternoon, dear colleagues!
Today we are starting with you our seminar - a workshop on organizing and conducting walks in the summer.
I would like to start my speech with the statement of one pediatrician who said: “A day spent by a child without a walk is lost for his health” (G.N. Speransky)
So what is a walk?
A walk is a routine moment of children’s life activity in a preschool institution, organized in advance by the teacher, which takes place in the fresh air.
You all know well that the daily routine of any kindergarten includes a daily afternoon walk after classes and an evening walk after afternoon tea. According to
According to sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations, the total duration of the walk is 4 - 4.5 hours.
In the summer, the kindergarten daily routine provides for children to spend maximum time in the fresh air with breaks for meals and sleep.
The time allotted for walking must be strictly observed.
But, in fact, children walk less, the duration of the walk is reduced for various reasons, and its health-improving and developmental potential is far from being fully used. Disorganization and monotony are typical disadvantages of organizing walks in kindergarten. And the pedagogical influence on a walk is often replaced by childcare.
Therefore, in order to properly organize and manage children’s activities during a walk, the teacher must expand his knowledge, possess practical skills, as well as methods for conducting a walk.
And first, let's remember what kind of walks there are.
Types of walks:
- Traditional/typical – the most free activity for children.
- Combined – targeted walk and free activity. (Targeted walk is carried out from the second younger group with exit outside the kindergarten);
- Excursion (conducted from the middle group at least once a month);
· Hiking (with children of senior preschool age).
Today at the seminar we will look in detail at the structure and methodology of conducting a traditional/or standard walk.
Proper organization of such a walk involves the use of five parts:
· Observation;
· Labor activity of children;
· Outdoor games
· Individual work with children;
· Independent activity of children.
The effectiveness of all parts of the walk depends entirely on the teacher. These components allow you to make your walk more eventful and interesting. In addition, they act not as separate pedagogical events, but as logically substantiated parts of what is planned by the teacher in a specific outing.
And now, let's take a closer look at each component of the walk.
Observations can be roughly divided into several types:
• Observations of wildlife (representatives of flora and fauna - plants, animals, birds, insects).
• Observations of inanimate nature (seasonal and weather phenomena, familiarity with the properties of water, sand, clay, natural materials - stones, shells, etc.).
• Observations of the work of adults (observations of the work of adults who work near the kindergarten are organized: janitor, driver, builder, policeman).
• Observations of street life (public, personal transport, trucks, cars, special vehicles, colorful decorations for the holidays).
At a younger age, observations should take no more than 5-10 minutes, at an older age they should range from 10 to 20 minutes. They must be carried out daily, and each time children should be offered different objects to consider.
It is very difficult to hold the attention of a child, especially one of primary preschool age. While walking, a child encounters a lot of distractions: he noticed a flying butterfly or was distracted by the noise of a passing car, and there are a lot of such distractions on the street. Therefore, observations should not be extended in time, vivid, interesting and meaningful. When planning observations, the teacher must think about: the equipment and materials that he will use during the observation, the placement of children, the teacher must think about ways to attract the attention of children (this could be: surprise moments, the use of artistic words: poetic texts, riddles, proverbs and sayings, which are perceived by children with great interest and other techniques), it is also necessary to involve the children themselves in activating mental activity (and this can be done by asking search questions and using children’s experience). The main thing in this component of the walk is not to leave children indifferent to the sight of vivid images and events in the environment.
The next important component of the walk is outdoor games.
. This part of the walk includes: 2-3 games of high mobility, 2-3 games of low and medium mobility, games of the children’s choice and didactic games are also used.
Outdoor games in the junior group - 6-10 minutes, in the middle group - 10-15 minutes, in the senior and preparatory groups - 20-25 minutes.
When choosing a game, the teacher should consider the following factors:
-time of year (weather conditions, air temperature);
-age of children (health status, desire);
- the nature of the previous activity.
The sequence of structural components of a walk may vary depending on the type of previous activity. If the children were in an activity that required increased cognitive activity and mental stress, then at the beginning of the walk it is advisable to conduct outdoor games, jogging, and only then - observations. If there was a physical education or music lesson before the walk, the walk begins with observation or quiet play.
To enhance the physical activity of preschoolers during walks, large toys, cars, and various aids are brought to the site: hoops, balls, jump ropes, badminton accessories, etc.
Here I would like to draw your attention to the fact that when conducting this part of the walk, you should strive to ensure that your children in the future learn to play outdoor games of their own free will, following the basic rules and maintaining discipline. When choosing a game for children, try to set tasks not only of a motor nature - to consolidate the skill of a particular movement, but also of a moral nature - to develop in them a sense of camaraderie, mutual assistance and collectivism.
I will not go into detail about the methodology for conducting outdoor games in preschool educational institutions, because... Galina Anatolyevna will tell us about this at one of the subsequent methodological associations.
The only thing I would like to emphasize in this part is that you do not forget to carry out didactic games and exercises in this part of the walk.
They should be short and take 3-4 minutes at a younger age, 5-6 minutes at an older age. Didactic exercises are carried out several times during one walk with the entire group of children or with part of it.
A didactic exercise can be offered to children both at the beginning and at the end of the observation, or can be woven into the course of the observation itself, for example, “Bring a yellow leaf,” “Find a tree or shrub,” etc. In didactic tasks, several tasks can be solved simultaneously: fixing the color, shape and size of objects, they can also be performed with the help of children's physical activity, for example, children are offered tasks: “One, two, three! Run to the birch tree." And then, for older children, another more difficult task is set: “How did you know that this was a birch?” etc.
Labor activity has great educational significance during a walk. Therefore, the next structural component of a typical walk is the children’s performance of labor activities
.
It is important here that for each child the tasks are feasible, interesting and varied, and in duration - do not exceed 5-10 minutes at a younger age and 15-20 minutes at an older age. To instill in children hard work and neatness, it is very important to choose the right children's equipment (rakes, shovels, scoops, buckets). In the process of carrying out work assignments, it is important for children to develop a positive attitude towards work, as well as respect for the work of an adult, a desire to get involved in the work process, and then continue to show independence and initiative.
The forms of organizing children's labor are:
Individual work assignments;
Work in subgroups;
Teamwork.
Individual work assignments are used in all age groups of kindergarten.
In the younger group, children receive individual assignments consisting of one or two labor operations, for example, taking bird food and putting it in a feeder. Then, the teacher takes turns involving all the children in feeding the birds. Or, for example, he organizes “work nearby”: he offers to collect cones, leaves, pebbles for further crafts.
In the middle group, two subgroups can work simultaneously and perform different work assignments; The only thing is that the teacher requires constant attention to the quality of the children’s work; and the teacher must ensure that the children finish what they start.
In older children, it is necessary to develop the ability to accept a work task, present the result of its implementation, determine the sequence of operations, select the necessary tools, and then independently engage in work activities (with a little help from the teacher).
Here it is important to create the right motivation for older children, explain why it is necessary to do this work today and in this particular way, and it is also advisable to diversify and brighten up monotonous activities, for example, offer to solve riddles or use other surprise moments.
The next equally important structural component of a daily walk is individual work.
Individual work
The walk is carefully planned. It can be aimed at developing the child’s speech: i.e. to practice sound pronunciation, memorize poetry, to consolidate material in all sections of the program, or you can repeat the words of a song that children learned in a music lesson for the holiday.
During walks, the teacher can also organize individual work on physical development with one or more lagging children to perform basic movements: (walking, running, jumping, jumping, exercises with balls and hoops, throwing at a target, etc.)
In the process of individual work with a child, a conversation can be held on the formation of moral qualities, rules of behavior in a children's team, or a conversation on the recommendation of a speech therapist or psychologist. Here, it is important that the child with whom individual work is being carried out understands its necessity and willingly completes the proposed tasks.
The next structural component of the walk is the independent activity
of children,
which also needs competent guidance. The teacher must constantly monitor and monitor the independent activities of children. Paying attention to each child, the teacher must constantly keep all children in sight: in order to prevent an emerging conflict in time, praise those who, on their own initiative, collected toys, put things in order on the veranda or in the area. The teacher can offer children to organize a story-based role-playing or outdoor game, entertaining tasks, outdoor toys or work equipment, etc. One of the most favorite types of independent creative games for children is construction games with natural materials: sand, pebbles, cones, etc. Therefore, teachers need to try to diversify such games and create the necessary conditions and actively use attributes and external materials. And at the same time, of course, do not forget about compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements for the storage and placement of external material.
Briefly, I would like to say about taking a walk in the evening.
is mandatory throughout the year ,
but since the teacher is additionally busy meeting with parents, organized observation and labor activities are not carried out during the evening walk. Against the backdrop of children playing independently, the teacher can tell and show them something, communicate with one or two children on a topic that interests them, and organize individual games.
The main thing is to make sure that the children do not get bored during the walk and that all the children are busy.
If walks are meaningful and interesting, children, as a rule, go for walks with great desire and joy. For educators, a walk is a unique opportunity not only to improve children’s health, but also to enrich the child with new knowledge and impressions. comments powered by HyperComments
Structure of a walk around the Federal State Educational Standard
Structure of a walk around the Federal State Educational Standard
A walk takes up significant time in a preschooler’s daily routine and is important. A walk is organized 2 times a day - the first and second half of the day. Approximately two to three hours a day are allotted for children to spend time in the fresh air, and in the summer the whole life of children is transferred to the open air. A properly organized walk has great potential for the all-round development of children - physical, mental, moral, aesthetic, and labor. Federal State Educational Standards for Preschool Education provide for the solution of program educational tasks in the joint activities of adults and children and in the independent activities of children, not only within the framework of direct educational activities, but also during routine moments, one of which is a walk.
Walking is also the first and most accessible means of hardening a child’s body. It helps to increase its endurance and resistance to adverse environmental influences, especially colds.
During the walk, children play and move a lot. Movement increases metabolism, blood circulation, gas exchange, and improves appetite. Children learn to overcome various obstacles, become dexterous, courageous, and resilient. They develop motor skills and abilities, strengthen the muscular system, and increase vitality.
A walk is a mandatory element of the daily routine.
The main task of the teacher’s pedagogical work during a walk is to provide: active, meaningful, varied, interesting activities for children.
During the walk, educational tasks should be fully realized:
-Children's health.
-Physical development.
-Development of independence.
- Expanding your horizons.
-Acquaintance with the surrounding world.
- Education of aesthetic feelings, culture of behavior.
In order to successfully implement the above tasks, long-term planning of this regime is necessary.
moment.
When planning a walk, the teacher must take into account many different factors:
-weather;
-age and number of children;
-availability of inventory and related equipment;
-previous group classes and much more.
The structure of the walk can be roughly represented as follows:
- observation,
- labor activity of children;
- outdoor games;
- individual work with children;
- independent activity
Observation
A large part of the walks is devoted to observations (pre-planned) of natural phenomena and social life. Observations can be carried out with a whole group of children, with subgroups, as well as with individual children.
At a younger age, observations should take no more than 7-10 minutes and be bright and interesting; at an older age, observations should last from 15 to 25 minutes. They should be held daily, but each time children should be offered different objects to consider.
Outdoor games
The leading place during the walk is given to games, mainly active ones. They develop basic movements, relieve mental stress from classes, and develop moral qualities.
The choice of game depends on the time of year, weather, air temperature. On cold days, it is advisable to start your walk with games of greater mobility associated with running, throwing, and jumping. Fun and exciting games help children cope better with cold weather. IN
In damp, rainy weather (especially in spring and autumn), sedentary games that do not require a large space should be organized.
Time for outdoor games and physical exercises during a morning walk: in junior groups - 6 - 10 minutes, in middle groups - 10-15 minutes, in senior and preparatory groups - 20-25 minutes. On an evening walk: in junior and middle groups - 10-15 minutes, in senior and preparatory groups - 12-15 minutes. Every month, learn 2-3 exercises (repeat within a month and consolidate 3-4 times a year)
At a younger age, games with text (imitation of the actions of the teacher) are recommended.
In the middle group, the teacher distributes roles among the children (the role of the driver is performed by a child who can cope with this task).
In the senior and preparatory groups, relay races, sports games, and games with elements of competition are held.
Outdoor games end with walking or low-mobility play, which gradually reduces physical activity.
Children are not allowed to walk for long periods of time without moving. Children with reduced mobility and low initiative require special attention and should be involved in outdoor games.
Work activity while walking is of great educational importance. It is important that for each child the tasks are feasible, interesting and varied, and that their duration does not exceed 5-19 minutes at a younger age and 15-20 minutes at an older age.
The forms of organizing children's labor are:
- Individual work assignments;
- Group work
- Teamwork.
Individual work
During walks, the teacher conducts individual work with children: for some, he organizes a game with a ball, throwing at a target, for others - a balance exercise, for others - jumping from tree stumps, stepping over trees, running down hills.
During walks, work is also carried out on the development of the child’s speech: practicing sound pronunciation, memorizing poetry, talking on the recommendation of the teacher - speech therapist.
The teacher can recall with the children the words and melody of the song that they learned in music class.
Independent activity
Children's independent activities during walks also require competent guidance.
The teacher can offer children to organize a role-playing or active game, entertaining tasks, toys or equipment for work, etc. Constant monitoring of children's independent activities is necessary.
Paying attention to each child, the teacher must constantly keep all children in sight: prevent conflicts that arise in time, praise those who, on their own initiative, put things in order on the veranda, in the area, and collected toys. This creates good conditions for the comprehensive development and upbringing of children while walking.
While walking, children are in close contact with nature; they adapt to the conditions of the season and weather, which significantly affects the content of children’s games. In winter, physical exercises predominate (skating on an ice track, sledding, downhill); constructive games.
For constructive games, children actively use snow and colored pieces of ice, prepared in advance together with the teacher. In summer, children enjoy playing with a variety of natural materials: pebbles, acorns, leaves, sand, water.
Winter walks in kindergarten
Winter walks in the preschool
There is only snow all around.
We are on a snow planet. It's an ordinary winter around, But we are happy about it like children. How sometimes you don’t want to go outside when it’s cold and snowing.
But seeing the eyes of your little friends, you put on your warmest down jacket and quickly rush to the kindergarten site. Sometimes I wish I could go back to my childhood. It’s just as carefree to ride down a slide, fall into a fluffy snowdrift and make an “Angel”. Working in the garden, you can afford it. And that makes you happy. Our parents also help us very often. Fathers and grandfathers come to help remove snow from the site and build a slide for their beloved children. Parents also bring feeders and we feed the birds. It’s especially nice when children themselves remember to take the grains outside. And some mothers bring seeds and cereals to the garden. Fathers and grandfathers also help educators. They come to remove the snow from the site and build slides for their children. To ensure that preschool children do not just stand and breathe the winter air, slowly turning into icicles, teachers organize various games and competitions with them. There are many outdoor games for winter: “Frost - Red Nose”, “I’ll Freeze”, “Snowballs”, “King of the Hill” and others. On the street you can play hockey, ride downhill, on icy paths, build a snowman... But you never know how to use the opportunity to be outdoors in winter, the teacher just has to show his imagination and remember his childhood! A distinctive feature of our winter walks is their emotionality, mobility, and richness. A positive emotional attitude is an important prerequisite for health, prevents various diseases, and maintains interest in physical exercise and walking. Upon returning to the group, all the children undress and, with the help of adults, lay out their clothes to dry: mittens wet from snow, hats, warm pants, socks. Rosy cheeks, sparkling eyes and a great mood – this is the result of winter walks that everyone will like: both children and adults. Today, preschool institutions pay great attention to health-saving technologies, which are aimed at solving the most important task of preschool education - to preserve, support and enrich the health of children. In addition, a serious task is to ensure the highest possible level of real health for kindergarten students, fostering a valeological culture to form a child’s conscious attitude to the health and life of both their own and other people. It is no coincidence that these are the priority tasks in the program for the modernization of Russian education. Health is the state of a person’s physical and social well-being. Be healthy, dear colleagues.
We recommend watching:
Joint sports entertainment with parents in the middle group. Scenario “Winter Fun” Winter sports festival for preschoolers 5 - 7 years old Consultation for parents. Winter walks with children Winter walk for children of the 2nd junior group of kindergarten. Abstract
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MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF
Long-term plan for walks for the summer health periodJune.
Walk 1.
Observing a ladybug, beetles (examine, mark body parts: head, wings, legs) - to form in children a caring attitude towards insects.
Game exercise “Pancakes” - teach children to clap their hands in different ways, count: “One, two .
Didactic task “Big and small pebbles” - teach children to distinguish objects by size.
Work. Collect pine cones from the area in a bucket.
Individual work. Memorizing the nursery rhyme “Ladybug, fly to heaven .
Walk 2.
Observing the sun, the sky (noting whether the sun is shining brightly or whether it is covered by clouds), noting the state of the air - whether the wind is blowing.
The outdoor game “Sunshine and Rain” - exercise children in running, teach them to blow on puddles (breathing exercises).
Didactic game “Where is one, where are many?” - learn to distribute cones into two piles.
The work assignment “Let’s collect the toys” is to teach how to put the toys away in a container at the end of the walk, and put the wheelchairs and cars on the veranda.
Individual work. “Lay out the sun” - from sticks and pebbles.
Walk 3.
Observing the grass, how it grew, saying that summer has come, it has become very warm, everything around is green - grass, trees, bushes; admire the beauty of a summer day.
Game exercise “Who can reach the ball faster” - practice running to a given toy.
Didactic game “Who is screaming?” - consolidate knowledge of how domestic animals and birds cry.
Work. Collect garbage from the area: twigs, stones, put them in a pile.
Individual work. “Throwing and catching a ball” - teach an adult or child to throw a ball and catch it.
Walk 4.
Observation of flowering plants - irises, peonies, marigolds, marigolds; learn to name the parts of a flower - stem, leaf, flower, root; admire them.
Game exercise “Teddy bear” - teach children to perform movements according to the text of the poem; pronounce words.
The didactic task “Loud - Quiet” is to teach children to change the strength of their voices, imitating the voices of large and small animals.
Work. Work in the garden. Help adults collect grass and weeds in a pile or bucket after weeding.
Individual work. Practice jumping on two legs - “Reach for the toy.”
Walk B.
Observation of fruit trees - cherry, plum; remember how they bloomed, show the ovary (small fruits).
Outdoor game. “On a narrow path” - exercise children in walking, teach them to step over or jump from circle to circle.
Didactic game “What grows in the garden?” — teach children to name vegetables, show them in a book.
Work. Go to the garden with the children, water the onions, watch how they grow, pick some onions for lunch, talk about their benefits.
Individual work. Walking on an inclined surface, on a bridge, learning to climb while holding on to the sides.
Walk 6.
Observe birds, mark body parts, observe their behavior, how they drink from a puddle, shake off their wings, peck grains.
Outdoor game. “Run to what I’ll name” - exercise children in running, teach them to be attentive, and navigate the area.
Didactic exercise. “Find the same one” - teach how to find a large or small leaf or pine cone using a model.
Work. After playing in the sand, use scoops to pick up what was scattered back into the sandbox and cultivate neatness.
Individual work. “Who will throw further” - develop arm strength, learn to throw a small ball.
Walk 7.
Observing the leaves on the trees after the rain, admiring how the leaves of plants sparkle in the sun, shaking a branch of a bush so that sparkling splashes of water fly from it.
Outdoor game. “The mice dance in a round dance” - to train children in coordinated movements and running.
Didactic task. “Let's collect beads” - learn to string beads on a cord, alternating them by color.
Work. Invite the children to collect cones that have fallen from the trees onto the road into a pile, and say that by doing this we are helping the janitor.
Individual work. “How the wind blows” - learn to blow on a blade of grass, a leaf (breathing exercises).
Walk 8.
Observing people, what they are wearing: light dresses, shorts, T-shirts. In the summer it can be very hot, you can walk barefoot, in shorts, or swim:
Outdoor game. “Birds once!” Two birds! — exercise children in performing movements, running, teaching them to count to two.
Didactic task. “What color is the dress?” - learn to name items of clothing and what color they are.
Work. Teach children to clean up toys after playing, cultivate obedience and hard work.
Individual work. “Fingers say hello” - finger gymnastics.
Walk 9.
Monitoring the work of the janitor. Pay attention to how clean the area is. “Who swept the paths?” . Street cleaner. “What does he sweep with?” . With a broom. “Where does the garbage go?” . In the cart.
Outdoor game “Children went to kindergarten” - learn to perform movements as shown by an adult, run up on command.
Didactic task. “Place the cones in different buckets” - put large cones in a large bucket, small ones in a small one.
Work. Go to the garden with the children. See what needs to be done. If necessary, water the beds, teach how to water the beds correctly so that the water does not drain.
Individual work. Walking on an inclined surface - learn to climb up and down a hill.
Walk 10.
Watching butterflies, how they fly from flower to flower, how they fold their wings; pay attention to insects: ants, beetles, ladybugs.
Outdoor game “Sunny Bunnies” - practice jumping, running, teach how to perform various movements; teach to understand directions: up, down, to the side.
Didactic task. “Who is screaming?” — clarify knowledge about which of the animals gives their voice.
Work. Learn to clean up toys after walks and carry out simple tasks.
Didactic task. Practice stepping over sticks laid out on the ground.
Walk 11.
Weather observation. Note that it’s cool in the morning, we put on blouses, then it gets hot and we take them off. And if the sun doesn’t shine and a cold wind blows, then it’s cold all day.
Outdoor game. “Chickens and the dog” - practice performing various movements: running, crawling.
Didactic task. “Run to what I’ll name” - teach how to navigate the area.
Work. Help an adult collect toys from the sandbox, shake out the sand from them, and put them in a basket.
Individual work. Finger gymnastics - “Big and small legs run along the path .
Walk 12.
Observing cars, what cars are parked near our house, note the size of the cars, their color. Car with a red cross "Ambulance" .
Outdoor game. “The gray bunny washes himself” - teach to perform movements according to the text, teach to be attentive.
Didactic task. “What color are the cars?” - learn to distinguish and name colors.
Work. Help the teacher collect weeds in a bucket after weeding the flowers.
Individual work. Learn to squeeze a sponge dipped in water and develop finger strength.
Walk 13.
Monitoring the condition of the paths. Why are the paths wet in the morning, who waters them? Street cleaner. What else does he do? Sweeps paths, waters flowers.
Outdoor game. “Sunshine and Rain” - teach to run, to escape to a certain place.
Didactic task. “Find the red mold” - teach to distinguish primary colors, find and show them.
Work. We will collect the toys at the end of the walk. Learn to carry out simple tasks.
Individual work. “Climb the hill, go down the hill” - walking on an inclined surface.
Walk 14.
Observing a white dandelion. Make a riddle: “There was a flower like a yolk, but now it’s like a snowball . Blow on a dandelion and admire the flying fluff.
Outdoor game. “Cat and Mice” - teach how to run quietly. Like mice, imitate the movements of mice, the sounds made by mice.
Didactic task. “Collect beads” - learn to string rings on a cord.
Work. Invite the children to collect cones from the road in a basket.
Individual work. Throwing and catching the ball.
Walk 15.
Observe the leaves on the trees, check their color. Learn to observe how the leaves rustle and sway when the wind blows. Cultivate a sense of caring behavior (you cannot break branches or tear leaves on trees).
Outdoor game. “Locomotive” - teach to move in different directions and at different paces, practice pronouncing sounds.
Didactic game. “Who’s dressed like that?” — assign the name of clothing items (dress, sundress, T-shirt, shorts, panties, socks, Panama hat), assign colors.
Work. Invite the children to sweep the veranda and wipe the benches with a cloth.
Individual work. Teach children to climb a gymnastic wall in alternating steps.
July.
Walk 1.
Observation. Note the weather conditions. It is very hot during the day, now summer is in full swing, the middle of summer, the sun is hot and high. During the day they hide from it in the shade, otherwise they may suffer from heatstroke.
The outdoor game “Bubble” is to teach how to stand in a circle, holding hands, to move into the circle (forward) and out of the circle (backward), to coordinate words with movement.
Didactic exercise. “Hide in your palm” - reinforce the concept of “big - small” , teach how to clench a fist.
Work. Help the teacher work in the garden. Collect weeds in piles, learn to distinguish weeds from carrots and beets.
Individual work. Learning to blow soap bubbles is a breathing exercise.
Walk 2.
Observation. Show children the properties of sand. Dry sand crumbles, but wet sand can be used to make Easter cakes, marks remain on wet sand, and you can draw with a stick.
Outdoor game. “By the Bear in the Forest” - train children to run at a signal, teach them to squat, bend over, imitating picking berries.
Didactic exercise. “Which tree is taller?” - teach the concepts of “high - low” , be observant.
Work. Learn to sweep the veranda and wipe benches with a cloth.
Individual work. “Draw the sun on the sand” - learn to draw with a stick.
Walk 3.
Watching the rain. The rain can be heavy, large and small, quiet. In summer the rain is warm. After the rain there is a rainbow, there are puddles on the roads, and you can walk barefoot through warm puddles.
Outdoor game “Sunshine and Rain” - exercise running, breathing exercises.
Didactic exercise “What color is a flower” - learn to distinguish and remember primary colors.
Work. Help adults put faded flowers and cut flower stems into a bucket? -To
Individual work. “From circle to circle” - learn to step over or jump over without stepping on the line.
Walk 4.
Watching snails after rain, beetles, ants. Mark the body parts of insects and how small they are. Cultivate a caring attitude towards them.
Outdoor game “Sparrows and a car” - exercise running.
Didactic exercise “Pour some water” - show the properties of water (it heats up in the sun and becomes warm, it can be poured and poured, if you wash something in it it becomes dirty).
Work. Wash the toys at the end of the walk, instruct the children to lay the toys out in the sun to dry.
Individual work. Finger gymnastics “Hedgehog” .
Walk 5.
Observation of fruit trees and shrubs. Learn to remember the name - cherry, plum, currant. Show that the berries have become large and will soon be ready to eat.
Outdoor game. “Day - Night” - train children to run and stop at a signal.
Didactic exercise. "What colour?" - learn to remember and name primary colors, tell what color a toy is.
Work. Pick red and black currant berries with the children, teach them to pick carefully, with their fingers.
Individual work. Drawing with chalk on asphalt.
Walk 6.
Watching the wind. To say that when a strong wind blows, trees sway, branches bend, leaves rustle. The breeze is quiet and gentle.
Game exercise. Jumping on a trampoline - teach children to control the force of jumping, not collide with other children, and have fun.
Didactic exercise. “Wonderful bag” - teach to determine by touch what is in the bag.
Work. Collect HaVnacTKe twigs, cones, pebbles, teach them to work. Individual work. Finger gymnastics “Boy - finger” .
Walk 7.
Watching snails after the rain. Watch how they hide in their house, how they release their horns. Read the verse. Foster a caring attitude towards the living natural world.
Outdoor game. “On a level path” - exercise children in walking, jumping, squatting.
Be careful to navigate the size of the rings.
Work. Learn to shake sand out of the molds and put the molds in the basket after finishing playing with sand.
Individual work. “Draw the Rain” - learn to draw straight lines with chalk on the asphalt.
Walk 8.
Observing the trees, what changes have occurred to them (new shoots have grown). Learn to remember the names of trees: birch, fir-tree, pine.
Outdoor game. “Catch-up” - practice running, teach children to change roles (catch up and run away).
Didactic exercise. “Show the big, small Easter cake” - teach how to navigate the size of sand buildings.
Work. Help the teacher collect red currant berries in a mug and hold the branches of the bushes.
Individual work. Practice climbing a gymnastic ladder.
Walk 9.
Observation in the garden. See what grows there, where the beets are, where the onions are, where the carrots are. Pay attention to the strawberries (the berries have turned red, which means they can be eaten).
The outdoor game “Hanging a Wreath” is to teach how to walk slowly in a round dance, holding hands, and how to change the direction of movement.
Didactic exercise “Get a ball out of the water” - teach how to use a spoon or your hands, and enjoy the results.
Work. Clean up the veranda - neatly place cars and wheelchairs against the wall, put away toys.
Individual work. Downhill skating - learn to keep your back straight when sliding down, to overcome fear.
Walk 10.
Observe the weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, windy or calm, are the trees swaying). Watch the clouds.
The outdoor game “Airplanes” is to train children to run on command, swinging their outstretched arms while running.
Didactic exercise “Who screams?” - record how pets and birds scream.
Work. After playing with sand, collect the sand in a pile and teach not to throw sand away during the game.
Individual work. Teach children to crawl on all fours in the Caterpillar .
Walk 11.
Car monitoring. Mark the parts of the car - body, cabin, wheels. Learn to distinguish between trucks and cars.
Outdoor game. “Sparrows and a car” - exercise children in running.
Didactic exercise “What color are cars?” - learn to remember and name colors.
Work. Let's put things in order on the veranda, teach how to sweep the veranda and put away toys.
Individual work. Breathing exercises with spinners “How does the wind blow?” .
Walk 12.
Observe animals (cats, dogs), note body parts, size of the animal, color, what it eats, how it makes its voice.
The outdoor game “Cat and Birds” is to train children in running.
Didactic exercise “Drowning - not sinking” - introduce the properties of various objects, toys (stone, plastic cube, leaf, stick).
Work. Help the teacher tie up wild grapes near the veranda, teach how to support the plant while an adult ties it up.
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Individual work. “Go through the collar” - teach to walk under an arc, tilting your head, to pass quickly, without delaying other children.
Walk 13.
Observe the Christmas tree, note what color it is (one color in winter and summer). Touch the young shoots on the Christmas tree, note how they have grown, how they differ in color from the rest.
Outdoor game. “Shaggy Dog” - exercise children in running.
Didactic exercise. “Name the toy” - train children in correct pronunciation, teach them to recognize the toy.
Work. Let's collect cherries for compote. Learn to pick berries carefully, with two fingers. Say that we’ll take the cherries to the cook for compote.
Individual work. “Walk along the path” - teach walking on a surface bounded by two lines.
Walk 14.
Observing flowering plants, repeating parts of a flower, teaching how to treat flowers with care, and not picking.
Outdoor game. “Run to what I’ll name” - to train children in running and orienteering in the area.
Didactic exercise. “Inserts” - exercise children in correlating a geometric figure to a specific hole.
Work. Collect twigs from the area after strong wind or rain, cultivate hard work.
Individual work. “We chop cabbage” - finger gymnastics.
Walk 15.
Observation of the sun and sky; whether the sun shines and how: brightly or not; are there clouds in the sky? Watch the clouds, think about what they look like.
Outdoor game. “Horned goat” - learn to perform movements as shown by the teacher.
Didactic game “What does it look like?” learn to recognize a Christmas tree made of sticks, a tree, a car.
Work. Go to the garden with your children and see what needs to be done:
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loosen the soil with a spatula and water the beds.
Individual work. Draw with a stick in the sand.
August.
Walk 1.
Observing the state of the air, the wind (cold or warm air, strong or weak wind), pay attention to the flags and pinwheels.
Game exercise. “Teddy Bear” - teach how to perform movements according to the text.
Didactic exercise. “Who is screaming?” - repeat how poultry and animals use their voices.
Work. Go to the garden with the children and collect weeds after weeding. Individual work. Crawling on all fours in the Caterpillar .
Walk 2.
Observe the grass, draw the children’s attention to the fact that the janitor is mowing the tall grass. The grass may be dry, yellowed if there has been no rain for a long time, or bright and green.
The outdoor game “Train” is to teach children to move one after another at different paces.
Didactic exercise “Guess what it is?” — learn to determine by touch what is hidden (ball, cube, lump).
Work. Teach children to clean up their toys after playing.
Individual work. Slide downhill, learn to keep your balance and your back straight.
Walk 3.
Watching butterflies. See how beautiful butterflies are, how quickly they fly from flower to flower. Label body parts.
The outdoor game “On a narrow path” is to train children in stepping from circle to circle or from hoop to hoop.
Didactic exercise “Wet - dry” - learn by touch or
visually determine the condition of the sand.
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Work. Go to the garden and help an adult water the garden beds with a small watering can.
Individual work. Throwing cones - . ”
Walk 4.
Observe flowering plants, admire their diversity, pink, yellow chrysanthemums, marigolds and petunias. Some flowers have faded, other buds are blooming.
Outdoor game “Loaf” - practice walking in a circle, teach how to perform
dance moves.
Didactic task. "What colour?" — learn to sort sand molds by color.
Work. After playing with sand, collect the spilled sand back into the sandbox and instill neatness.
Individual work. Walking on an inclined surface. Learn to maintain balance.
Walk 5
Observe birds, note body parts, what they eat, how they cry. What color is a crow, what color is a sparrow. Which one is bigger?
Outdoor game. “Sparrows and a car” - exercise children in running, teach them to run away without bumping into each other.
Didactic task. Learn to make a sun out of sticks and pebbles.
Work. Collect sticks and twigs that have fallen from trees in the area.
Individual work. Finger gymnastics “Flower” - learn to connect your fingers together and spread them apart.
Walk 6.
Weather observation. Ask what day it is today: sunny or rainy, cloudy, whether there are clouds in the sky, whether the wind is blowing.
Outdoor game. “Sunshine and Rain” - exercise children in running at a signal.
Didactic task. “Big and small” - teach how to sort pine cones into two different buckets.
Work. Collect cones from the path into a pile, instill hard work. Individual work. Throwing and catching the ball.
Walk 7.
Monitoring the work of the janitor. Ask the children why he does this? What does he need to work? Foster respect for the work of adults.
The outdoor game “Cat and Mice” is to train children in running, agility, and crawling under a cord.
Didactic task. “Assemble a pyramid” - teach to distinguish between large and small rings, and assemble the pyramid correctly.
Work. Teach children to sweep the veranda with a small broom and wipe benches with a cloth.
Individual work. Finger gymnastics “Hedgehog” .
Walk 8.
Observation of insects: beetles, ants. Tell me how strong ants are, what big blades of grass they carry to build a house for themselves.
Outdoor game. “Bubble” - teach how to hold hands, form a circle, walk from circle to circle, run up.
Didactic task. “Let's build a big - small Easter cake” - teach how to navigate in sand buildings.
Work. Teach children to put toys in a container, place wheelchairs and cars on the veranda along the wall.
Individual work. “Drawing flowers” - drawing with chalk on the asphalt.
Walk 9.
Observing the surrounding nature after the rain: wet paths, wet grass, wet leaves on the trees, droplets of water hanging on the branches.
Outdoor game. “Steam Locomotive” - teach to move in different directions and at different paces, pronounce the appropriate sounds.
Didactic task. “What color are the children’s clothes?” - learn to distinguish
name the primary colors.
<7.
Work. Learn to shake sand out of the molds and put the molds into a container after finishing playing with sand.
Individual work. Learn to maintain balance while stepping over sticks.
Walk 10.
Bird watching teaches children to distinguish birds: crows, pigeons - large, sparrows - small. Repeat the body parts of birds as they scream.
Outdoor game. “A woman sowed peas” - teach how to perform movements according to the text, how to dance.
Didactic task. “Hide in your palm” - teach how to clench a fist, teach the concepts of “big - small” .
Work. Ask the children to help the teacher lay out the toys in the sun after washing.
Individual work. Throwing and catching the ball.
Walk 11.
Observation of trees and bushes. Note that the trees are tall and the bushes are low. Repeat the names of the trees. Draw children's attention to the fact that the leaves on the trees turn yellow and fall off.
Outdoor game. “Catch up with me” - practice running, teach how to get joy from playing with an adult.
Didactic task. “Which tree is taller?” - teach the concepts of “high-low” .
Work. Together with the children, collect twigs from the area.
Individual work. Practice climbing a gymnastic wall.
Walk 12.
Observe the flowers in the flower beds, admire the variety of flowers, pay attention to the color scheme, show where the flower is and where the bud is.
Outdoor game. “Weaving a wreath” - teach how to walk in a round dance, holding hands, changing the direction of movement.
Didactic task. “Get a ball out of the water” - develop manual dexterity,
learn to take out a ball with a spoon without helping with the other hand.
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Work. Help the teacher collect nasturtium seeds.
Individual work. Practice walking on an inclined surface, on a hill.
Walk 13.
Observation of fruit trees - plum, thorn, cherry. Ask how to know if the fruits are ripe? Give the children ripe fruits to try. Ask what they taste like (sour, sweet)?
Didactic task. “Name the vegetables you know” - learn to remember the names of vegetables.
Outdoor game. “Mice dance in a round dance” - practice performing
movements, running.
Work. Help the teacher water the flowers in the area with a small watering can.
Individual work. Finger gymnastics “We peel carrots” - learn to perform movements as shown by an adult.
Walk 14.
Watching the sun, stand in the sun, feel how it warms, then go into the shade, look at the sun through the foliage of the trees. Read the poem.
Outdoor game. “On a level path” - practice walking, jumping, squatting. Learn to listen to the words of the game.
Didactic task. “What color is the car?” - learn to distinguish and name primary colors.
Work. Collect sand molds in a container at the end of the walk. Individual work. Learn to pour sand into a bucket and make Easter cakes.
Walk 1S.
Observing a birch tree, what kind of trunk it has (white, smooth). You can touch the trunk with your hands, or even with your cheek. The birch branches are thin and the leaves are small.
Outdoor game. “Sparrows and a car” - exercise children in running.
Didactic task. “Find the same one” - teach how to find one
a piece of paper, like the teacher's.
- •
Work. Collect pine cones from the road with your children.
Individual work. Throwing and catching the ball.
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CHILDHOOD GUIDE
In connection with the introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard for Educational Education, it is necessary to bring all educational activities into compliance with this fundamental document for teachers. Walking is no exception .
This is not to say that much has changed during the organization of the walk. But the main accents are clearly marked:
- It is necessary to ensure variability and diversity in the content of the walk.
- Pay special attention not only to play and motor activities, but also to cognitive and research activities.
- Along with health-improving tasks, solve the problems of developing the personal qualities of pupils: independence, initiative, curiosity.
- The walk should be carried out on the basis of activity and individual-personal approaches.
- Regional, geographic and climatic conditions must be taken into account.
Based on this, we can formulate the tasks and current forms of interaction between the teacher and children during a walk:
Tasks
Educational:
— to form motor skills taking into account the individual development of each child;
— consolidate the skills of performing general developmental exercises in a playful way;
- to form ideas about a healthy lifestyle and its importance;
— to form primary ideas about the surrounding natural and social world;
- to form the cognitive actions of preschool children;
— to develop the ability to independently find cause-and-effect relationships in the process of experimental activities;
— develop skills of interaction with peers, the ability to work in a team.
Educational:
- develop cognitive interest in objects, objects and phenomena of the surrounding world;
- develop speech activity, evidentiary speech;
- develop physical qualities: speed, coordination of movements, agility, endurance.
Educational:
- foster a sense of camaraderie and mutual assistance;
- cultivate a friendly attitude towards peers.
Wellness:
— strengthen the musculoskeletal system and form correct posture.
— improve the body’s protective functions through hardening, strengthening the respiratory system, and physical activity.
Of the many forms of interaction during a walk, you should pay attention to the following:
- Story-based gaming activities (travel games, quests, etc.). During story-based play activities, preschoolers perceive any information most actively, emotionally and with interest, as they use:
- techniques of imitation and imitation;
- figurative movements;
— problematic and search questions are used;
— general developmental exercises;
— game exercises for coordination of movements;
— exercises aimed at developing motor skills, gross and fine motor skills;
— outdoor games.
- Cognitive and research activities. Includes:
— experimentation: experiments with water, sand, clay, air, objects of living nature;
— discussion of problematic situations (for example, “what would happen if ...");
— observations of objects and natural phenomena.
- Social actions (events of a socially significant nature). Actions of a social nature contribute to the development of moral and personal qualities of preschool children and create conditions for the child’s creative self-realization.
Examples of social events: “Our Little Brothers”, “Let’s Feed the Birds in Winter”, “Bird Canteen”, “Harmful Cellophane”, “Red Book of Nature”, “Clean Paths”, “Clean Plot”, etc.
The walk can be roughly divided into 3 parts.
In the introductory part, to motivate physical activity or to develop cognitive interest, as well as to emotionally involve children in joint activities, problem situations in the form of games, recreational exercises or playful warm-ups are used.
The main part proposes and implements:
1) various physical exercises, outdoor games, competitive games, outdoor story games, etc.;
2) cognitive-research tasks and situations.
In both cases, it is necessary to rely on the existing motor and cognitive experience of children. When including each task (game), the age and individual characteristics of the students are taken into account.
Physical exercises alternate in intensity and complexity. You need to pay attention to a rational combination of load and rest.
In the process of cognitive-research activities, children are involved in a discussion of a particular situation and observation. Independent statements and hypotheses are encouraged. Problematic and search questions are used: what do you think, why do you think so, how? New material is presented using didactic games, game situations, and play dramatization.
If a social event is being held, then the main part involves direct practical activities: hanging bird feeders, cleaning the area, etc.
At the end of the main part there is always free independent activity of the students.
The final part includes quiet games and exercises, as well as reflection and self-assessment of children’s activities.
Dear teachers! If you have questions about the topic of the article or have difficulties in working in this area, then write in the comments . I'll definitely help.
Bela Gennadievna Golovina, site administrator, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences
Guiding role-playing games for preschoolers in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Organizations Organizing walks and their impact on the health of frequently ill children Using non-standard physical education equipment in accordance with the tasks of the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education Organization of independent activities of children in a preschool educational institution, taking into account GEF DO >
