Presentation “Separated and non-separated definitions and applications” presentation for a lesson in the Russian language (grade 11) on the topic

so UNT / Lesson plans for the Russian language / Lesson plans for the Russian language grade 11

Topic: Isolated circumstances.

24.07.2013 20576 0

Goals:

generalize knowledge about isolated circumstances; develop skills in setting punctuation marks in isolated circumstances; education of linguistic sense.

Lesson type

: combined lesson.

Equipment

: tables, cards, tests.

During the classes.

I. Checking homework.

1. Written survey on the topic “Isolation of definitions and applications”:

option I
-
isolation of definitions;

Option
2 -
separation of applications.

Present your answers graphically and give examples for each case of isolation.

2. Cards, tests on the topic “Applications”, “Separate definitions”.

II. Work on the topic of the lesson.

1. Conversation with the class.

- What do the circumstances mean?

- Which parts of the sentence do they explain?

— What parts of speech are they expressed?

— What meanings do circumstances have and what questions do they answer?

— What circumstances stand out?

1.
Reading § 87, drawing up a general table “Separation of circumstances”.

3. Checking the table compiled by the students.

III . Consolidation.

1. Analysis of proposals.

— Explain punctuation in sentences, emphasize circumstances, draw up graphic diagrams of isolated circumstances.

1. Holding the jug above her head, the Georgian woman walked along a narrow path to the shore.

2. Sometimes she slipped between the stones, laughing at her awkwardness (M. Lermontov).

3. The fence is overgrown with nettles

Dressed in bright mother of pearl

And, swaying, whispers playfully:

"Good morning!" (S. Yesenin)

4. He spoke embarrassed. “He said, embarrassed, a few words of his own.

5. The guys ran headlong.

6. Davydov decided to check whether the brigade, contrary to his instructions, was actually harrowing along the furrow (M. Sholokhov).

7.
Again, over the Kulikovo field,
the darkness rose and dissolved,

And, like a harsh cloud,

The coming day is clouded. (A. Blok)

8. No, we weren’t sad, we weren’t sorry.

Despite the rainy distance. (A. Blok)

9. The poet needed to go abroad due to illness.

2. Performing exercises 428, 430.

I V.
Constructing sentences.
- Make sentences using the following nouns with prepositions: in contrast to, because of, thanks to, in case of, despite.

- What is the nature of syntactic constructions with such prepositions?

— Are circumstances expressed by nouns with derived prepositions and prepositional combinations always isolated? (They are isolated when they acquire independence in a sentence, that is, they depend on the degree of prevalence of the turnover.)

V. Syntactic synonyms of participial phrases.

— What syntactic constructions can be synonymous with participial phrases?

— Is it always possible to replace adverbial phrases with synonymous subordinate clauses?

— In what cases is replacement impossible?

-Replace, if possible, subordinate clauses with synonymous or participial phrases.

1. When we arrived at the station, the train had already left. (Substitution is not possible because the main and subordinate clauses have two different subjects.)

2.

The child cried bitterly because he had lost his favorite toy.

VI. Lesson summary.

V.
Homework.
1. §87.

2. Exercise 431 or 429 (optional).

Presentation for a Russian language lesson (grade 11) on the topic: Isolation of applications - presentation

Segregation of applications

Isolated members of a sentence are members of a sentence that stand out in meaning and intonation. They contain an element of additional message and are thus logically emphasized, acquiring some syntactic independence as part of a sentence. In writing, isolated members are separated by commas or dashes.

Application This is a definition expressed by a noun. It is placed in the same case and number as the word being defined.

Punctuation marks for uncommon applications A hyphen is placed between a single application and a common noun defined by a word: French teacher, development engineer, medical student.

A hyphen is not placed 1. If the appendix placed in front of the noun being defined can be replaced with a single-root adjective. Example: old watchman (old watchman), smart dog (smart dog), giant plant (giant plant)

There is no hyphen 2. If the second place is a proper name. Example: the Volga River, the city of Novgorod 3. If with the defined noun there are two uncommon applications connected by the conjunction I. Example: students of biologists and geographers, musicians, guitarists and drummers

A hyphen is not placed 4. If in a combination of two common nouns, the first of them denotes a generic concept, and the second a specific one. Example: solyanka soup, birch tree, hydrogen gas 5. If the words master, citizen, comrade, etc. come first. Example: Mr. Mayor, Comrade Sergeant

Be careful. Do not confuse combinations of applications with defined words and complex words like sofa-bed. When these words are changed, the ending changes only for the second part of the compound word, in contrast to the application and the word being defined, where the endings change for both words: about a sofa bed, with a French teacher.

Check yourself. Place punctuation marks (hyphen or comma) or leave the fields empty 1. We realists, lined up in rows, stood in the right aisle of the cathedral, the high school students in their white aprons stood in the left. (N. Zabolotsky.) 2. The village is located on the high bank of the Vyatka River. (N. Zabolotsky.) 3. My great-grandfather was Yakov the peasant... (N. Zabolotsky.) 4. Kharms the owner, Zabolotsky the guest climb the gloomy stairs. (I. Bakhterev.)

1. We, the realists, stood in rows in the right aisle of the cathedral, the high school students in their white aprons stood in the left. (N. Zabolotsky.) 2. The village is located on the high bank of the Vyatka River. (N. Zabolotsky.) 3. My great-grandfather was Yakov - a peasant... (N. Zabolotsky.) 4. Kharms - the owner, Zabolotsky - the guest, climb the gloomy stairs. (I. Bakhterev.)

Isolation of common applications 1. A common application is isolated in any position if it refers to a personal pronoun. Example: He, an interesting artist, designed many books. An interesting artist, he designed many books.

Isolation of common applications 2. A common application is isolated if it refers to a common or proper noun and comes after it. Example An interesting artist, designer of many books, is working on a new series of illustrations. Ivanov, a designer of many books, is working on a new series of illustrations.

Isolation of common applications 3. Isolated applications can be attached with the words that is, or, for example, by name, by surname, by birth, by origin, etc. A comma is not placed after these words. Example A professor named Sidorov took entrance exams. Ivanov, that is, our friend, did this by accident.

Isolation of common applications 4. An application joined by the union as is isolated if the union has the meaning “for a reason.” If the application joined by the conjunction “as” has the meaning “as”, it is not isolated. Example As an experienced chef, Ivanov was put in charge of a banquet. The fly, as an annoying insect, is especially often persecuted. He was hired as a proofreader.

One should not confuse a compound nominal predicate and an appendix. He is an interesting artist and has designed many books. In this sentence, the word “artist” is a predicate, therefore, it is not isolated.

Check yourself. Place punctuation marks 1. In 1913, I, a ten-year-old boy, took the entrance exams there. (N. Zabolotsky.) 2. An example of pedantry, the German inspector Silander was inexorably strict. (N. Zabolotsky.) 3. Vladislav Pavlovich Spassky, a history teacher who was still a young man at that time, became our common love. (N. Zabolotsky.) 4. Often during breaks we heard her talking in German with the inspector, and this free foreign language conversation made a great impression on us provincial boys (N. Zabolotsky.)

1. In 1913, I, a ten-year-old boy, took the entrance exams there. (N. Zabolotsky.) 2. An example of pedantry, the German inspector Silander was inexorably strict. (N. Zabolotsky.) 3. Our common love was Vladislav Pavlovich Spassky, a history teacher, still a young man at that time. (N. Zabolotsky.) 4. Often during breaks we heard her talking in German with the inspector, and this free foreign language conversation made a great impression on us, provincial boys (N. Zabolotsky.)

A dash is placed before the application in the following cases: 1. You can insert the words “namely”, “that is” without changing the meaning. Example She is interested in this sport - gymnastics. 2. The independence of the common application at the end of the sentence is emphasized. Example I had a cast-iron teapot with me, my only joy in traveling around the Caucasus. 3. The application refers to one of the homogeneous members of the sentence for clarity. Example Our neighbors, their children, my friends, two or three people from our street went on a hike.

Pay special attention! Definitions and applications have similar segregation conditions. 1. Any definition and application is isolated in all positions if the word being defined is a personal pronoun. He, born in Moscow, again came to his hometown. Born in Moscow, he... He, a native of Moscow, came to his hometown again. A native of Moscow, he...

Pay special attention! Definitions and applications have similar segregation conditions. 2. If the defined word is a proper name, a common definition and any application is isolated only after the defined word. Ivan, born in Moscow, came back to his hometown. Ivan, a native of Moscow, ..... Ivan, a Muscovite, has arrived again ...

Pay special attention! Definitions and applications have similar segregation conditions. 3. If the word being defined is a common noun, then the common definition and application is separated only after the word being defined. Brother, born in Moscow, ... Brother, native of Moscow, ...

Check yourself. Place punctuation marks (hyphen or comma) 1. The parade was hosted by a real general, albeit a retired one named Smirnov. (N. Zabolotsky.) 2. There were statues around, copies of ancient sculptures. (N. Zabolotsky.) 3. A copper plaque, pointed edge-on at the enemy, acts like a mace and can cause a lot of trouble. (N. Zabolotsky.) 4. In the city there is an abandoned Mitrofanievskoye cemetery, a place of dates and love meetings. (N. Zabolotsky.)

1. The parade was hosted by a real general, albeit retired, named Smirnov. (N. Zabolotsky.) 2. There were statues around, copies of ancient sculptures. (N. Zabolotsky.) 3. A copper plaque, pointed edge-on at the enemy, acts like a mace and can cause a lot of trouble. (N. Zabolotsky.) 4. In the city there is an abandoned Mitrofanievskoye cemetery - a place of dates and love encounters. (N. Zabolotsky.)

We are preparing for the Unified State Exam. Meaning of the word The meaning of which word is defined incorrectly? An extrovert is a person who makes his thoughts and feelings public. Choleric is a temperamental, unbalanced person, easily excited. A philanthropist is a person who is involved in charity and helping those in need. The front garden is a large garden in front of the house. 4

We are preparing for the Unified State Exam. Working with the text (1) We all go to the pond, where we have cleared and built a large wooden slide, from which we go sledding. (2) Lots of funny falls, awkward, funny movements and somersaults in the snow... (3) We, children, try to amaze the big ones with our skating art. 4) Cheerful, flushed from moving in the cold, we go home. (5) We are not allowed into the hall. (6) There, mom and the guests are setting up a Christmas tree and placing gifts on the tables... (7) You can feel the pleasant resinous smell of the tree... (8) We are having lunch in dad’s new office downstairs.

(9) The festive dinner lasts forever. (10) The roast turkey has finally been overcome, and the man is carrying flaming plum pudding on a platter. (11) It is doused with rum and lit. (12) The person carrying it turns his face away from it so as not to get burned. (13) We are proud that this plum pudding is the work of our hands. (14) Finally, lunch is over, and we go upstairs. (15) Upstairs we are locked in the living room, and mother and the guests go into the hall to light the Christmas tree. (16) Following this, the door opens in both halves, and we are allowed to enter... (17) For the first minute, we stand in stupor in front of a huge Christmas tree. (18) It reaches almost to the very ceiling and sparkles with countless bright trinkets hanging on it. (T.N. Tolstaya)

1. Determine the style and type of speech of the text. journalistic style, description artistic style, description artistic style, narrative artistic style, reasoning-reflection 2. What style of speech does the highlighted word in sentence 6 belong to? scientific colloquial journalistic 3. What part of the sentence is the word plum-pudding in sentence 10? subject object 3 2 2

4. Find in the text a sentence with a separate application. 5. Find a sentence in the text with a separate definition. 3 4, 12

Check yourself! Single application Which sentences require a hyphen between the highlighted words? 1. The Moscow River is especially beautiful at this hour. 2. The city of Khabarovsk was founded in 1858. 3. Please contact Comrade Travkin with this request. 4. A beautiful spruce towered in front of the house. 5. A beautiful daughter walked next to her father. 6. He loved to talk with the watchman Stepan in the evenings. 7. Actor Dorofeev is magnificent in this role! 8. Tereshka the coachman ran out of the house. 9.Her father was a colonel general. 10. Cornflower flower can be used for medicinal purposes. 11. Isaac Levitan is a wonderful landscape artist. 12. Many people did not like the new film adaptation of the novel “Anna Karenina”. 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11

Check yourself! Isolating applications Add missing punctuation marks. 1. I haven’t eaten noodles for a long time. (A. Chekhov.) 2. My good friend Onegin was born on the banks of the Neva. (A. Pushkin.) 3. We artillerymen were busy around the guns. (L. Tolstoy.) 4. The good-natured old hospital guard immediately let him in. (L. Tolstoy.) 5. The dear cook Ivan Ivanovich, nicknamed Mezhvezhonok, is in charge of the kitchen. (M. Gorky.) 6. My brother Petya, the teacher, sings wonderfully. (A. Chekhov.) 7. Geography teacher Galkin has a grudge against me... (A. Chekhov.) 8. I went hunting with the elder’s son and another peasant named Yegor. (I. Turgenev.) 9. Radishchev, the enemy of censorship, escaped slavery. (A. Pushkin.) 10. The carrier of swamp moisture chilled me with fog. (S. Yesenin.) 11. The girls, especially Katenka, with joyful faces, look out the window at the slender figure of Volodya getting into the carriage. (L. Tolstoy.) 12. As a painter, Mayakovsky respected and loved Serov. (I. Shklovsky.) 13. Most people know Bunin mainly as a prose writer. (K. Paustovsky.) 14. I’m not even talking about his qualities as a general... (L. Tolstoy.) 15. Pierre, as a legitimate son, will receive everything. (L. Tolstoy.)

1. I, a sinner, haven’t eaten noodles for a long time. (A. Chekhov.) 2. Onegin, my good friend, was born on the banks of the Neva. (A. Pushkin.) 3. We, the artillerymen, were busy around the guns. (L. Tolstoy.) 4. The good-natured old man, the hospital guard, immediately let him in. (L. Tolstoy.) 5. The dear cook Ivan Ivanovich, nicknamed Mezhvezhonok, is in charge of the kitchen. (M. Gorky.) 6. My brother Petya, a teacher, sings wonderfully. (A. Chekhov.) 7. Geography teacher Galkin has a grudge against me... (A. Chekhov.) 8. I went hunting with the elder’s son and another peasant named Yegor. (I. Turgenev.) 9. Radishchev, an enemy of slavery, escaped censorship. (A. Pushkin.) 10. Carrier of swamp moisture, I was chilled by the fog. (S. Yesenin.) 11. The girls, especially Katenka, look out the window with joyful faces at the slender figure of Volodya getting into the carriage. (L. Tolstoy.) 12. As a painter, Mayakovsky respected and loved Serov. (I. Shklovsky.) 13. Most people know Bunin mainly as a prose writer. (K. Paustovsky.) 14. I’m not even talking about his qualities as a general... (L. Tolstoy.) 15. Pierre, as a legitimate son, will receive everything. (L. Tolstoy.)

We are preparing for the Unified State Exam. Punctuation marks in a simple sentence Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence? His family consisted of his wife (1) Feofaniya Savvichna (2) a hospitable hostess (3) who always spoke (4) in a sing-song voice (5) and a son (6) Petenka (7) a playful little boy (8) about ten to eleven years old (9) always on flying towards me and immediately running away. 1, 3, 6, 9 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 2

Lesson summary So, common applications are distinguished if they refer to a personal pronoun. A common application is isolated if it refers to a common or proper noun and comes after it. Do not confuse a compound nominal predicate and an application. A hyphen is placed between a single application and the word being defined - a common noun. There is no hyphen: if the appendix standing in front of the noun being defined can be replaced with a single-root adjective; if the second place is a proper name; if in a combination of two common nouns, the first of them denotes a generic concept, and the second - a specific concept; if the words master, citizen, comrade, etc. come first.

Lesson summary If a single application comes after a common noun that has explanatory words, then it is separated by commas. Combinations of applications with defined words should not be confused with complex words like sofa-bed. When these words are changed, the ending changes only for the second part of the compound word - in contrast to the application and the word being defined, where the endings change for both words: about a sofa bed, with a French teacher. Separate applications can be appended with the words that is, or, for example, by name, by surname, by birth, by origin, etc. A comma is not placed after these words. An application joined by the conjunction HOW is separated if the conjunction has the meaning “for a reason.”

Lesson summary A dash is placed before the application: if it is possible to insert the words “namely”, “that is” without changing the meaning; if the independence of a common application at the end of a sentence is emphasized; if the application refers to one of the homogeneous members of the sentence - for clarity.

Training Insert the missing punctuation marks. Kostya, a boy of about ten years old, aroused my curiosity with his thoughtful and sad gaze (I.S. Turgenev). We artillerymen were busy around the guns (L.N. Tolstoy). I had to cross the low mountains, the natural border of the Kara Pashalyk (A.S. Pushkin). I’ve been going with this grandfather Minai for thirty years now (N.A. Nekrasov). A miracle of engineering art (I.A. Goncharov) led a bridge across the cut from cliff to cliff.

Kostya, a boy of about ten years old, aroused my curiosity with his thoughtful and sad gaze (I.S. Turgenev). We, the artillerymen, were busy around the guns (L.N. Tolstoy). I had to cross low mountains, the natural border of the Kara Pashalik (A.S. Pushkin). I’ve been going with this grandfather Minai for thirty years now (N.A. Nekrasov). A bridge led from cliff to cliff across the cut - a miracle of engineering art (I.A. Goncharov).

Training Rewrite, inserting commas where necessary. You can drive to the lake through the forest or along the road. We had to go around a ravine or a steppe ravine. All day long the tourists walked either along the river or across the field. The scientist used a magnifying glass or magnifying glass when reading manuscripts. A mechanic or foreman will come to see you tomorrow. Along the sides of the glacier were moraines or rows of boulders.

You can drive to the lake through the forest or along the road. We had to go around a ravine, or steppe ravine. All day long the tourists walked either along the river or across the field. The scientist used a magnifying glass or magnifying glass when reading manuscripts. A mechanic or foreman will come to see you tomorrow. Along the sides of the glacier were moraines, or rows of boulders.

Training Insert the missing punctuation marks. Sometimes a summons to the train would ring (M. Gorky). Every Friday, Gypsy harnessed the bay gelding Sharap, his grandmother’s favorite, to a wide sleigh, a cunning mischief maker and a sweet tooth (M. Gorky). How beautiful the Tien Shan Mountains are in the sunset evening rays (Dm. Furmanov). The celebration of life, I killed my youth under the weight of work and the poet was the darling of freedom, I was never a friend of laziness (N.A. Nekrasov).

Sometimes a bell rang, a summons to the train (M. Gorky). Every Friday, Gypsy harnessed the bay gelding Sharap, his grandmother’s favorite, a cunning mischief and a sweet tooth, to a wide sleigh (M. Gorky). How beautiful the Tien Shan Mountains are in the sunset evening rays (Dm. Furmanov). The celebration of life, my youth, I killed under the weight of work and the poet was the darling of freedom, I was never a friend of laziness (N.A. Nekrasov).

Training Insert the missing punctuation marks. First, some new baby read “To the Heavenly King,” then they sang, then Father Mikhail, our teacher of the law, who always suffered from flux, read a chapter from the Gospel in a thin tenor... (N.A. Zabolotsky). Here, in a magnificent city, the cinema “Furor” (N.A. Zabolotsky) operates. Then I had another love, pale as a lily, the daughter of a German pharmacist, Rita Vitman (N.A. Zabolotsky). He was a good, friendly and progressive person... (N.A. Zabolotsky).

First, some novice baby read “To the King of Heaven,” then they sang, then Father Mikhail, our teacher of the law, always suffering from flux, read a chapter from the Gospel in a thin tenor... (N.A. Zabolotsky). Here, in a magnificent city, the cinema “Furor” (N.A. Zabolotsky) operates. Then I had another love, pale as a lily, the daughter of a German pharmacist, Rita Vitman (N.A. Zabolotsky). He was a good, friendly and progressive person... (N.A. Zabolotsky).

Training Insert the missing punctuation marks. There was also an old and sad Czech man sailing on the ship (V.G. Korolenko). Eagles, companions of the troops, rose above the mountain (A.S. Pushkin). In the mast pine forest there were long-tailed white birds of rare beauty, prized by Apollo tit lovers (M. Gorky). I am your old matchmaker and godfather who came to make peace with you (I.A. Krylov). He, a healthy man, wanted to rush and fly like these seagulls (V.G. Korolenko).

There was also a Czech sailing on the ship, an old and sad man (V.G. Korolenko). Eagles, companions of the troops, rose above the mountain (A.S. Pushkin). In the mast pine forest there were the Apollo tits, prized by fanciers, long-tailed white birds of rare beauty (M. Gorky). I, your old matchmaker and godfather, have come to make peace with you (I.A. Krylov). He, a healthy man, wanted to rush and fly like these seagulls (V.G. Korolenko).

Training Insert the missing punctuation marks. Behind barricades made of sandbags, near heavy anti-tank machine guns, Komsomol gunners (A.P. Gaidar) stood in reserve numbers. And the rivers, these frozen royal beauties, trembled, became covered with fog and already threatened us with innumerable troubles (N.A. Zabolotsky). These over-aged guys, neat second-year students, sat next to each other on the “Kamchatka” and beat with the embodiment of all the vices accessible to our imagination (N.A. Zabolotsky). Our warden “Bobka”, or even the inspector himself, can come to us at any time (N.A. Zabolotsky). I dreamed of being an artist. And even on the advice of one very distant classmate, she wrote this wish on a piece of paper, first chewed the piece of paper, and then threw it out of the car window (Taffy).

Behind barricades made of sandbags, near heavy anti-tank machine guns, gunners, Komsomol members (A.P. Gaidar), stood in reserve numbers. And the rivers, these frozen royal beauties, trembled, became covered with fog and already threatened us with innumerable troubles (N.A. Zabolotsky). These over-aged guys, neat second-year students, sat next to each other on the “Kamchatka” and were the embodiment of all the vices accessible to our imagination (N.A. Zabolotsky). Our warden “Bobka”, or even the inspector himself, can come to us at any time (N.A. Zabolotsky). I dreamed of being an artist. And even on the advice of one very distant preparer, a classmate, she wrote this desire on a piece of paper, first chewed the piece of paper, and then threw it out of the carriage window (Taffy).

References Valgina N.S., Svelysheva V.N. Spelling and Punctuation: Directory. – M., Baranova M.T., Kostyaeva T.A., Prudnikova A.V. Russian language: A reference book for students. — M, Lekant P.A. Collection of exercises on the syntax of the modern Russian language. – M., 1989.

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