Work program on technology (8th grade) in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard

Technology tests 8th grade

8TH GRADE

TECHNOLOGY.

Theoretical tour.

Dear participant.

You are asked to complete a comprehensive theoretical test, which includes tasks from various sections of the Technology curriculum. Service work."

In accordance with the program in the 8th grade, they include questions on modeling, design, costume history, fabric and food processing technology, safety precautions, handicrafts, and you are also asked to answer questions using ingenuity.

When completing tasks, strictly follow the instructions in the text. Each individual task may have one or more correct answers. The duration of the complex theoretical test is 1 hour. The maximum number of points is 49 points.

We wish you success!

1. Comprehensive theoretical test
   (49 points)

Safety regulations.

Mark the correct answer.
(2 points).

1. You can only turn electrical appliances on and off:

1. wearing dielectric gloves
2. with dry hands, grasping the fork body
3. pulling the cord

1. Before the liquid boils in the pan, heat up:

1. increase
2. decrease
3. stop
4. leave unchanged

Cooking

Answer the questions. (4 points)

1. What is the name of the type of soup made from pureed vegetables?

2. In which country do they traditionally have tea at 5 o'clock in the afternoon?

3. Which country gave the world its open pie - pizza?

4. What is the name of a complete set of tableware or teaware?

Materials Science

1. Solve anagrams (put the letters in the correct order). (3 points).

Fabric properties:

• b p d u r t a o i m p e s

- k h s t g i o o r p n o i s

- e y p a o s t m o

1. Define the concept of fabric decating. (1 point)

1. What are the raw materials for the production of artificial fibers? (1 point)

1. What are the raw materials for the production of synthetic fibers? (1 point)

1. What do the symbols mean: (3 points)

a) b) c)
Design and modeling

1. Continue the sentence. (1 point)

Coquette is...

1. Mark the correct answer.
   (1 point).

To draw a drawing
of a conical skirt, take measurements:

1. St, Sat, Lt. ed.
2. Sg, From, Dl. ed.
3. From, Dl. ed.

1. The picture shows the layout of a straight skirt pattern on the fabric. Explain why both panels of the skirt are directed in the same direction. (1 point)

1. Continue the sentence: (1 point)

The toilet is...

1. Determine the match: (7 points)

Product manufacturing technology

1. The processing of which node is shown in the figure (2 points).

a) b)
Handicraft

1. Determine what the base of the first row is called when crocheting (1 point)

1. List the main Ural industries (4 points).

History of the costume

1. Consider the drawing of a women's Russian folk costume. Compose its main elements from the given letters. (4 points)

a) p n o e a

b) z p n a o

c) r b x y a a

d) n v r n k a e sh i

Challenges for ingenuity

Solve the puzzles. (2 points)

1. II.

Solve the crossword puzzle. ( 10
points ) _

1. An object for measuring a person's figure.
2. A part of a product cut out of cardboard or thick paper.
3. Fiber of natural origin.
4. Human torso figure for measuring and showing models.
5. A thin unspun thread of vegetable, mineral, natural or artificial origin.
6. A pointed metal object with an eye.
7. What should you sew with to avoid pricking yourself?
8. Subject for WTO product.
9. Cutting device.
10. A professional sewing woman.

Tasks for the school stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for Students

8th grade.

Technology. Service work.

Answer key.

Comprehensive theoretical test (49 points)

Safety regulations

1. 2. (1 point)
2. 2. (1 point)

Cooking

1. Puree. ( 1 point)
2. England. ( 1 point)
3. Italy. ( 1 point)
4. Service. ( 1 point)

Materials Science

1. Drapability, hygroscopicity, crumbling. ( 3 points)
2. Decatting is the treatment of fabric with steam before cutting. ( 1 point)
3. Cellulose. ( 1 point)
4. Gases are products of oil and coal processing. ( 1 point)
5. a) normal washing, b) washing is prohibited, c) moderate heating of the iron. ( 3 points)

Design and modeling.

1. The yoke is the upper cutting part of any product. ( 1 point)
2. 3. (1 point)
3. The panels of the skirt are located in accordance with the direction of the pattern on the fabric. ( 1 point)
4. A toilet is a collection of clothes, shoes, gloves, as well as items that complement the costume (jewelry, flowers). ( 1 point)

5. 7	A
   1	B
   3	IN
   6	G
   5	D
   4	E
   2	AND

   7 points

Product manufacturing technology

1. a) processing of darts, b) processing of the neckline. ( 2 points)

Needlework.

1. A chain of air loops. ( 1 point)
2. Zhostovo painting, Ural painting, Kasli casting, Ural carving. ( 4 points)

History of the costume.

1. A) poneva, b) cufflink, c) shirt, d) top. ( 4 points)

Challenges for ingenuity.

Solve the puzzles:

1. Fiber ( 1 point)
2. Exhibition ( 1 point)

Solve the crossword:

1. Centimeter ( 1 point)
2. Pattern ( 1 point)
3. Cotton ( 1 point)
4. Mannequin ( 1 point)
5. Fiber ( 1 point)
6. Needle ( 1 point)
7. Thimble ( 1 point)
8. Iron ( 1 point)
9. Scissors ( 1 point)
10. Seamstress ( 1 point)

Technology tests

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Work program on technology 8th grade girls

Explanatory note

The work program on technology was developed on the basis of the Basic educational program of basic general education of MBOU Secondary School No. 32, in accordance with state educational standards of general education and an exemplary work program, edited by V.D. Simonenko, with amendments and additions taking into account the characteristics of the organization carrying out educational activities, the age category of students, and the methodological capabilities of the teacher. This work program is focused on the use of the textbook line: Technology: for grades 5-9. Authors of the program: Khokhlova M.V., Samorodsky P.S., Sinitsa N.V., Simonenko V.D. – M.: Ventana-Graf, 2012.”

According to the 2004 core curriculum for technology studies:

in 8 classes 34 hours are allocated at the rate of 1 hour per week,

Textbooks:

1. Technology. 8th grade: textbook for students of general education institutions / (V.D. Simonenko, A.A. Elektov, B.A. Goncharov, etc.); 3rd ed., revised. – M.: Ventana-Graf, 2020. -160 p.

The program contains

general characteristics of the educational subject “Technology”, personal, meta-subject and subject results of its development, course content, thematic planning with the definition of the main types of educational activities, description of educational and methodological support of the educational process, planned results of studying the educational subject.

Main goals

studying the academic subject “Technology” in the system of basic general education are:

• formation

  ideas about the components of the technosphere, about modern production and the technologies common in it;

• development

  technological approach as a universal algorithm of transformative and creative activity;

• mastery

  safe work practices, general labor and special skills necessary for searching and using technological information, designing and creating labor products, housekeeping, independent and conscious determination of one’s life and professional plans;

• development

  cognitive interests, technical thinking. spatial) imagination, intellectual, creative, communication and organizational abilities:

• upbringing

  hard work, thrift, accuracy, dedication, enterprise, responsibility for the results of one’s activities, respectful attitude towards people of various professions and the results of their work;

• receiving

  experience in applying polytechnic and technological knowledge and skills in independent practical activities.

Learning Objectives:

• mastering technological knowledge, the foundations of a culture of creative work, ideas about technological culture based on the inclusion of students in a variety of work activities to create personally or socially significant products;
• mastering competencies (educational-cognitive, communicative, reflective, personal self-development, information technology, value-semantic, design and research).

Main content of the subject

8th grade - 34 hours

I. Household technology (9 hours)

1.1. Family economics. (3 hours)

Basic theoretical information

Sources of family income and family budget. Human needs. Minimum and optimal needs of family members. Consumer basket of one person and family. Rational planning of expenses based on the current needs of the family. Assessment of business opportunities to replenish the family budget. Selection of a possible object or service for business activity based on an analysis of the needs of the local population and the market for consumer goods. Consumer qualities of goods and services. Planning family expenses. Rules of conduct when making a purchase. Consumer rights and their protection.

Selection of modern household appliances based on advertising information, taking into account the needs and income of the family. Formation of a family’s consumer basket, taking into account the income level of its members and regional market prices. Rules for the safe use of household appliances.

Practical work

Assessment of existing and possible sources of family income. Planning weekly, monthly and annual family expenses, taking into account its composition. Studying prices on the market for goods and services in order to minimize expenses in the family budget. Analysis of the quality and consumer properties of goods. Selecting a purchase method. Understanding the provisions of consumer rights legislation. Planning possible business activities.

1.2.Repair and finishing work in the house (3 hours)

Basic theoretical information

Types of repair and finishing work. Modern materials for repair and finishing work in residential premises. Tools and devices for painting work. Rules for safe work when painting surfaces.

Purpose and types of wallpaper. Types of adhesives for wallpaper stickers. Butt and overlap wallpapering technologies.

Window insulation technology. Window decoration - curtains, tulle, blinds, etc.

Ways to place ornamental plants in the house.

Professions related to repair, finishing and construction work. Methods for solving environmental problems arising during repair, finishing and construction work.

Practical work

Development of a project for the renovation and decoration of an apartment. Preparing the surfaces of room walls for painting or pasting: sealing cracks, puttying, sanding. Selection and compilation of a list of tools. Selecting paint from catalogues. Selection of wallpaper from catalogs. Selecting wallpaper glue to match the type of wallpaper. Window decoration, door installation. Arranging furniture in an apartment (house)

1.3. Economics of a personal plot (dacha plot) (3 hours).

Basic theoretical information

Options for using a personal plot. The influence of income from a personal plot on the family budget. Calculation of the number of garden crops needed by a family in accordance with consumption standards and productivity. Types of work on a personal plot. Planning the landscape design of a summer cottage and a country house.

Practical work

Drawing up a sketch of a garden plot using ornamental plants.

II. Technologies for processing structural and ornamental materials (14 h)

2.1. Arts and crafts (6 hours)

Basic theoretical information

Traditional types of arts and crafts and folk crafts of Russia. Regional types of arts and crafts (crafts). The role of arts and crafts in the creation of objects of the man-made world. The basic principle of artistic and applied design: the unity of the functional purpose and form of the product. Aesthetic and ergonomic

product requirements.
Taking into account the manufacturing technology of the product and the properties of the material. Basic means of artistic expression. Types of ornamental materials and their properties. Concepts about composition.
Types and rules for constructing ornaments.

Practical work

Artistic processing of materials. Manufacturing of products for the main types of folk crafts. Development of sketches for folk costume. Modeling, design and production of samples based on the folk costume of various provinces of Russia.

2.2. Artistic embroidery technology (8h)

Basic theoretical information

Artistic embroidery, types and techniques of embroidery. Preparing for satin stitch embroidery. Vladimir sewing technique. White surface. Satin and lined surface. Knotted and Rococo seams. Double-sided satin stitch, artistic satin stitch. Home computer in embroidery.

Practical work

Familiarization with the characteristic features of various types of arts and crafts of the peoples of Russia. Embroidering still life, landscape.

Determining the requirements for the product being created. Development of sketches of products and their decorative design (in one of the areas of artistic processing of materials). Selection of materials taking into account decorative and technological properties, performance qualities. Determining the sequence of manufacturing parts and assembling the product.

Manufacture of products using manual and machine processing technologies from structural and ornamental materials. Preparing the surface of the product for finishing. Decorative finishing of the surface of the product. Compliance with labor safety rules.

III. Electrical work (5 hours)

3.1. Electrical energy is the basis of modern technical progress.

Basic theoretical information

The use of electric motors in everyday life, industry, and transport. General understanding of the operating principles of AC and DC motors. Switching equipment for controlling a commutator motor.

Diagrams for connecting a commutator motor to a current source. Methods of speed control and changing the direction of rotation (reversal) of the rotor of a commutator motor.

3.2. Electrical measuring instruments.

Basic theoretical information

Safety rules for electrical technology lessons. Organization of a workplace for electrical work. Electric lighting devices. Rules for their use. Electric wires. Incandescent lamps. Lighting adjustment. Household electrical appliances.

Occupations related to the production, operation and maintenance of electrical and electronic devices. Electric power industry of the future.

Practical work

Assembling a model of an electric drive with a DC motor from construction kit parts. A selection of details. Model chain installation. Model testing. Assembly of an electric drive circuit with low-voltage electric motors and switching equipment.

IV. Creative, project activities (6 hours)

Basic theoretical information

Creative methods for finding new solutions: morphological analysis, focal object method. Methods for comparing solution options. Application of computers in product design. Classification of production technologies.

Technological and labor discipline in production. Compliance with standards for mass products. Labor productivity. The price of the product as a commodity. Contents of project documentation. Forms of project presentation.

Practical work

Selecting the type of product based on a needs analysis. Design development of the product (if you have a computer using information technology). Protection of the design of a future product. Drawing up drawings of parts and technological maps for their production. Manufacturing of parts. Product assembly. Product finishing (optional). Work quality control. Determining the cost of the product, comparing it with the possible market price of the product. Preparation of an explanatory note. Project presentation .

PRACTICAL PART OF THE SUBJECT

Requirements for the level of training of students

Students should know:

• general information about the beneficial and harmful effects of microorganisms on food products, sources and routes of penetration of pathogenic microbes into the human body, about food infections, diseases transmitted through food, about the prevention of infections;
• table setting; rules of behavior at a party, at the table;
• basic properties of artificial fibers and fabrics made from them, characteristics of complex weaves, dependence of fabric properties on the type of weave;
• types of connections of parts in assemblies of mechanisms and machines, their symbols on kinematic diagrams;
• types of clothing, operational, hygienic and aesthetic requirements for linen garments, rules for measuring the human figure, symbols of measurements for constructing a drawing of the basis of a straight skirt, features of modeling waist products based on a drawing of a straight skirt, modeling methods;
• purpose, design, execution technology and graphic symbols of seams: stitching (sewing, double) and edge;
• economical layout of the pattern on fabric with a directional pattern, technological sequence of cutting fabric, rules for preparing and fitting, identifying and correcting product defects, methods of finishing and wet-heat treatment, quality requirements for the finished product;
• unity of style of costume, hairstyle, cosmetics, interior;

Students should be able to:

• observe the rules of sanitation, hygiene, safe work in workshops;
• use fabrics made from artificial fibers in garments;
• determine the types of connections of parts in assemblies of mechanisms and machines; read kinematic diagrams;
• disassemble and reassemble the shuttle, fasten the stitch by reversing the sewing machine, overcast sections of parts and process loops with a zigzag stitch;
• perform machine seams: overstitched (covered, double) and edge seams;
• cut fabric with a directional pattern, with symmetrical and asymmetrical stripes, prepare oblique facings, process a zipper fastener, process the upper cut with a stitched belt, process the bottom of the product, try on and correct defects, evaluate the quality of the finished product.

Must own:

• value-semantic, communicative, cultural-aesthetic, personal - self-development, reflective competencies

Students should be able to solve the following practical problems:

• lead an environmentally healthy lifestyle;
• use PCs to solve technological, design, economic problems, as a source of information;
• plan and decorate the interior of the room;
• clean the apartment;
• take care of clothes and shoes;
• maintain hygiene;
• express respect and care for family members;
• receive guests and behave properly when visiting;
• design and manufacture useful products from design and ornamental materials;
• use acquired knowledge and skills in practical activities and everyday life.