Safety precautions in maintenance classes

Is safety a mere formality?

Mastering theoretical knowledge is impossible without practice. This rule is best taken into account in the school technology curriculum. It is very important to create conditions for students that prevent the occurrence of dangerous situations, therefore safety precautions in the technology room should be known to all students and followed by them.

If you strictly follow the instructions prescribed in regulatory documents, you can avoid injury to students from hot surfaces, equipment and tools used in the lesson.

It is fundamentally wrong to perceive safety precautions in the technology room as a mere formality, because the rules are written in order to protect children.

Safety precautions in the technology room for boys

It is necessary to carefully follow safety precautions in the technology room, which is intended for the education of boys. In this case, it is necessary to develop certain rules for work:

· in workshops;

· in the carpentry shop;

· in a locksmith workshop;

· in a workshop equipped with equipment of various specializations;

· on equipment for sharpening parts;

· on a jointing machine;

· with a computer;

· on drilling equipment;

· on a circular machine.

In addition, it is necessary to establish rules that determine the methodology for providing first aid. It is important to teach students not only to avoid injury, but also to act correctly when critical situations arise.

General rules

First, let's look at the general safety rules in the technology room:

• You should arrive to class 5 minutes before the bell rings.
• You can enter the office only with the permission of the teacher.
• All students must wear special clothing.
• Everyone should take their assigned place and not leave it without the permission of the teacher.
• Work can only begin at the command of the teacher. You should not be distracted from work. If a teacher addresses a student, it is worth suspending the work.
• Before using the tool, the student must become familiar with the rules for handling this tool.
• The equipment may only be used for its intended purpose.
• Faulty or dull instruments cannot be used.
• You need to hold them as the teacher showed.
• Tools must be stored in their designated place.
• Each student's workplace must be in order.
• The instruments are laid out strictly in the order specified by the teacher.
• It is prohibited to be distracted by extraneous matters while working.
• You must leave the office during the break.
• After the lesson, the workplace must be put in order.

Briefing

Safety instructions in the technology room are given by the teacher before students are allowed to work. In cases where the technology teacher cannot do this, he must arrange for another teacher to conduct the instruction.

Instruction is carried out in the following cases:

• introductory - at the very beginning of the year;
• primary – before starting to study a new topic;
• repeated – once every six months;
• unscheduled - if there is a need or a traumatic situation arises;
• target - when a topic is to be studied that involves working on special equipment.

Safety magazine in the technology room

There should be a safety log in every training room. This is especially true in the technology room, where the risk of injury is increased several times. This document records the instructions provided for by the labor protection rules. They should be carried out in the following cases:

· introductory – at the beginning of the school year;

· primary – before studying new topics;

· repeated – once every six months;

· unscheduled – if necessary, in the event of a traumatic situation;

· targeted – when studying topics that involve working on specific equipment.

This log must be filled out in a timely manner. In this case it is necessary to indicate:

· last name and initials of the student;

· date of birth of the child;

· the class in which he studies;

· date of instruction;

· number and name of the instruction that is used for instruction;

· student's signature;

· surname and initials of the teacher who conducted the instruction;

· signature of the teacher.

It should be borne in mind that students under 14 years of age have no legal force in their signature.

Rules for working with machines

First, you need to familiarize the boys with the general safety rules for working with any type of machine.

Before starting work:

• Wear clothing that protects from contamination and hide your hair under a hat.
• Check that the tool is securely fastened.
• Secure the part to be processed in a vice, chuck or other part of the tool.
• Check how the machine works “idle”.

During operation:

• The workpiece must be fed to the rotating tool smoothly, avoiding sudden movements.
• If you need to move away from the machine, it should be turned off.
• Do not touch the chuck, mandrel or drill with your hands.
• Before stopping the machine, you need to remove the workpieces, this will avoid equipment damage.

After finishing work:

• After the machine has completely stopped working, remove the chips with a brush (never with your hands.
• Wipe down the tools and machine, show the workplace to the teacher.

Manual metal processing

When working with metal, follow the rules outlined below.

Before you start:

• Wear an apron and arm ruffles or a robe and a headdress.
• Wear glasses (when chopping metal).
• Check the equipment (scoop, sweep, brush for cleaning files, seat, stand) for any malfunctions. If you find them, contact your teacher.
• If everything is in order, arrange them in the sequence indicated by the teacher.
• Make sure the bench vice is in good working order.

During operation:

• Secure the part to be processed in a vice. Slowly lower the vice lever.
• Monitor the serviceability and alignment of the tools (the surfaces of the hammer, sledgehammer and other impact instruments must be convex, pointed instruments must have a wooden handle without chips or cracks, the length of the chisel must be at least 15 cm, and its extended part must be 6-7 cm).
• The keys must be the same size as the nut.
• When cutting metal with scissors, you need to hold the part being cut with a mitten or glove.

After finishing the lesson:

• Check the serviceability of the equipment, and if a breakdown is detected, inform the teacher.
• Clean the equipment from traces of work.
• Clean up the workplace. Collect waste in a special container.
• Place the instruments in the order indicated by the teacher.
• Get yourself in order.

Leave the classroom with permission from the teacher.

Wood processing

Processing wood manually is a process no less complex than working with metal, so there are also a lot of safety rules here.

Before you start:

• Wear special clothing (robe, hat).
• Check the condition of the equipment (scoop, sweeps, seats, stand).
• If a malfunction of tools or equipment is detected, the teacher should be notified.
• Check the serviceability of the workbench disks (whether the notch is worn out, whether the vise jaws are screwed tightly).

During operation:

• Tightly secure the part to be processed in a vice.
• Monitor the serviceability of the equipment (primarily, the presence of an intact handle on sharpened tools).
• Don't be distracted by extraneous matters.
• Use tools strictly for their intended purpose.

After finishing the lesson:

• Check the serviceability of the equipment, if damaged, inform the teacher.
• Clean the work area and place waste in the designated box.
• Arrange the equipment in the sequence indicated by the teacher.
• In order not to spoil the notches on the jaws of the vice, leave a gap of a couple of millimeters.
• Leave the room with the permission of the teacher.

Compliance with safety precautions in the technology room for girls is also a prerequisite for the lesson. The rules describing the work will allow you to avoid injury:

• when cooking;
• when working with cutting and sewing;
• when using an electric iron.

Safety precautions in the technology room for girls

Compliance with safety precautions in the technology room, where only girls study, is a prerequisite. Practical exercises, which are provided for in the school curriculum, are often associated with risk. To avoid injury, it is necessary to develop clear rules that will be relevant during work:

· with a variety of tools - scissors, pins, knives, needles;

· with a computer;

· with iron;

· on a sewing machine – electric and mechanical;

· in the food preparation room;

· on a hob – gas or electric.

At the same time, it is necessary to develop rules not only for the safe handling of various devices and tools, but also a methodology for providing assistance to victims.

Cooking food

One of the girls' favorite pastimes is cooking. However, in order for it to bring only positive emotions, it is necessary to follow the established rules.

Before starting work:

• Wear a robe or apron, hide your hair under a cap or scarf.
• Check the serviceability of the equipment and study its markings.
• Inspect the dishes for cracks and chips.
• If you find any problems, inform your teacher.

During the lesson:

• Wash the hands.
• Before you start working with the electric stove, you should check whether it is working properly. Before doing this, you need to stand on a dielectric mat.
• You also need to check the integrity of the plug and cord and install the tile on a special thermal stand. It is not allowed to use a stove with an open spiral.
• Cook only in enamel dishes.
• Use devices designed specifically for a specific activity.
• Use well-sharpened knives.
• Use appropriately marked cutting boards.
• Use a special wooden or plastic pestle to push the food into the meat grinder.
• Do not grate small particles of food.
• Handle knives and forks only with the handle forward.
• Place waste in a bin with a lid.
• Handle hot lids, pots, pans and other kitchen utensils using oven mitts.

After finishing the lesson:

• Disconnect the stove from the power supply using the plug, do not pull the cord.
• Clean work tables, wash dishes and equipment.
• Remove trash, throw away waste.
• Turn off the hood.
• Take off your robe or apron, headdress, and wash your hands.
• Leave the room with permission from the teacher.

Working with fabric

Cutting and sewing are also associated with considerable dangers, so safety precautions when working in the technology room must be observed unquestioningly.

Before the lesson starts:

• Put on an apron and tie a scarf on your head.
• Check that the necessary tools are available and that they are in good working order.
• If you find rusty pins, needles, broken scissors, etc. inform the teacher.

During operation:

• Check the operation of the electric sewing machine and the integrity of the cord and plug.
• During breaks between sewing, insert needles and pins into a special pad or put them in a box.
• Do not put sharp objects in your mouth.
• Use a thimble when sewing.
• Attach the pattern to the fabric with the sharp end facing away from you.
• Place the scissors with the sharp end facing away from you, and pass the handles forward.
• Do not lean low over a running sewing machine.
• Do not keep your fingers close to the foot of the sewing machine.
• Do not bite the threads with your teeth.

After finishing the lesson:

• Disconnect the machine from the power supply using the plug, not the cord.
• Tidy up your desk and put trash in a special bin.
• Remove the apron and scarf
• Leave the room with permission from the teacher.

Safety instructions in the technology room

In the technology room, safety precautions must be observed based on the instructions. They include a list of rules that help prevent injury to students when working with equipment. It is also necessary to set out in detail the principles of work in the training room.

This document should contain the following sections:

· general provisions – includes information that indicates the purpose of the instructions;

· a list of requirements and rules before, on time and after completion of work;

· rules of conduct in case of unforeseen situations.