Presentation slides
Slide 1
Hardening the body and its effect on human health
PRESENTATION
Compiled by E.P. Kovyneva, life safety teacher, Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 2.
Slide 2
Hardening is an increase in the body's resistance to the adverse effects of a number of environmental factors (low or high temperature) through systematic exposure to these factors.
Hardening is based on the ability of the human body to adapt to changing environmental conditions.
Slide 3
The use of hardening procedures has been known to man since ancient times. Hippocrates (ancient Greek physician and reformer of ancient medicine) assigned them a major role in promoting health. In his opinion, cold hardening procedures have a special healing power, and those who keep the body warm acquire soft muscles, weakness of the nerves, fainting and bleeding.
Slide 5
POURING
A good hardening method is dousing with cold water. To do this, take 2–3 buckets of cold water at the desired temperature and pour it over the entire body. The main role during dousing is played by temperature irritation of the skin; breathing has a reflexive tonic effect. After dousing, the body must be wiped with a dry towel.
Slide 6
Hardening rules:
The need for a psychological attitude towards hardening, interest in it. This is the most important principle. Hardening must be systematic. Hardening must be comprehensive, which involves various types of hardening: passive and active, general local, collective individual. Hardening should be gradual, the time of contact with extreme cold should increase gradually. Hardening should be carried out taking into account the individual characteristics of the body and the climatic conditions of a particular region. Hardening should be “on the verge of pleasure,” i.e. Do not force yourself with excessive loads.
Slide 7
SWIMING IN OPEN RESERVOIRS
The most effective means of hardening is swimming in open water. While swimming, the body is simultaneously exposed to the sun, air and water. Before swimming, be sure to pay attention to the rules of safe behavior when swimming. It is recommended to swim no earlier than 1 – 1.5 hours after eating.
Slide 8
Winter swimming
The most effective water procedure is swimming in ice water. However, preparation for this requires special training and knowledge of the physiological processes that take place in the human body when swimming in ice water. This is the highest form of hardening, as in a short time it connects all human organs to the struggle “for survival”.
Slide 9
SUNBATHING
This type of hardening should be taken wisely, otherwise, instead of benefit, they can cause skin burns, overheating of the body, sunstroke, and overexcitation of the nervous system. It is advisable to combine sunbathing with water treatments. After taking it, it is recommended to stay in the shade for 10 - 15 minutes, and then take a shower or swim.
Slide 10
AIR BATHS
This type is available to everyone at any time of the year. Air acts directly on our body. Skin, leads to a number of biochemical changes in tissue cells, irritates the skin receptors of the nervous system. Air baths are best used outdoors; they are useful to combine with various physical exercises - walking, running, gymnastics.
Slide 11
RUBBING
Rubbing procedure: a towel, sponge or a special cloth mitten is moistened in water and lightly wrung out. Then the hands (in the direction from fingers to shoulders), neck, chest, abdomen, back and legs are sequentially wiped. After this, the body is rubbed with a dry, hard towel until redness and a pleasant feeling of warmth appear.
Class hour on the topic “Hardening”
From the lesson plan “Hardening”
in 1st "B" class MBOU "Secondary School No. 1"
Teacher: Bykova Raisa Petrovna
Date: December 13, 2013
Class hour on the topic “Hardening”
Goal: to reveal the role and methods of hardening
Epigraph on the board:
There are only two absolute values in the world: a clear conscience and health.
What is health?
Health is a state of internal harmony with the environment. Unfortunately, modern man is still far from harmony. A huge number of people are in the third state (borderline), between health and illness. This is a state of increased nervousness, irritability, and overwork. Hardening will help tip the scales towards health.
In V. Dahl’s explanatory dictionary it is written: “To harden a person means to accustom him to all the hardships, needs, there is no time, to bring him up in severity.”
Since childhood, Russian children have been running around in their shirts without hats, barefoot in the snow in the bitter cold. Children began to steam in a bathhouse and bathe in cold water immediately after birth. Even with every bad health and every cry.
At the age of 12-16, the boy went in winter to get hay or to the forest to buy firewood. At the age of 15-16 he went to work alone. The child shed many tears while going through this entire harsh practical school. Many times he was offended by both the frost and the burning sun, many times he did not have enough to eat, did not get enough sleep, and lived in poverty. But when he graduated from this school, there were almost no everyday difficulties left for him.
Hardening is a set of activities. There are a lot of hardening methods, everyone can choose what they like.
Hardening principles:
1. Balance the load and your own capabilities
2. Gradualism
3. Regularity
4. Consult your doctor
Sun hardening
Everyone knows the hardening effect of sunbathing. To get a good tan, Russians in the north drank St. John's wort tea, which increases skin sensitivity. However, even here it is necessary to observe the measure, taking into account the characteristics of your body.
Air hardening
Air hardening saves a person from drafts. With this type of hardening, a complex of factors affects a person: atmospheric electricity, air speed, temperature. They begin to harden with air half-baths, then take full air baths at room temperature for 10 minutes. Then, adding 5 minutes every day, bring the procedure to 35-40 minutes. Then they move to the open air. According to experts, a person should be naked for at least 2 hours a day. That is why the Scythians completely took off their clothes when performing physical exercises.
Tempering breath
It turns out that breathing has its own secrets. For example: “Breathing through the mouth is as unnatural as eating through the nose.” In the nasal cavity, the air is warmed, moistened, and purified. In the East, everything starts with breathing. Modern scientists believe that breathing training develops immunity to most diseases of civilization.
Water hardening
Short-term (2-3 minutes) cool (below 30′) water procedures increase excitability and increase muscle strength. Short-term (1-2 minutes) very hot procedures (above 40′) also work. Warm water (36-40′) reduces muscle tension and induces sleep.
There are three phases in the action of cold water:
1st phase. The skin turns pale. This is due to a sharp narrowing of blood vessels.
Phase 2. After some time, the vessels dilate, a feeling of warmth appears, and the skin turns pink.
Phase 3. If cold water continues to act, it causes blood stagnation and the skin turns blue.
The first two phases are used for hardening. The third cannot be allowed!
Some tips for the start of the swimming season:
1. Enter the water immediately, entering up to your chest, plunge twice and swim.
2. Do not swim hot or cold. Do not swim with sweat on your skin
3. After leaving the water, rub yourself with a towel until it warms up.
4. After swimming, do not sunbathe, this removes the hardening effect.
5. Do not walk or lie in a wet swimsuit - this leads to diseases of the pelvic organs and lower back.
In order of increasing intensity, water procedures are divided into washing, rubbing, showering, bathing, and bathing. The highest level is washing with ice water and winter swimming.
Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov said briefly and aptly: “Ice water is good for the body and mind.”
Steam hardening
The great commander Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov considered the bathhouse the best way to harden. Contemporaries recalled: “...in the bathhouse Suvorov withstood terrible heat, after which ten buckets of cold water were poured on him, and always two buckets suddenly...”
In Rus', winners of competitions were given brooms.
Birch - for muscle pain, for wound healing, for smokers.
Oak – for calming and for people with oily skin.
Linden broom - for colds.
Alder - for aching muscles.
Fir - for radiculitis.
Nettle - for muscle pain.
A broom gives a massage, increases blood circulation, enhances metabolism; broom phytoncides kill microbes; essential oils prevent skin aging. No wonder they say: “The day you sweat, the day you don’t grow old.”
Tempering massage
An old legend contains an interesting fact. ... Once, while cultivating a field, a peasant accidentally hit himself on the leg with a hoe. Suddenly, the headache from which he constantly suffered disappeared. Since then, residents of the surrounding villages, sensing this illness, deliberately hit themselves on the legs: with a stone, with a fist...
Hand massage is very useful.
“...the hand is the brain coming out”
I. Kant
The simplest massage is to vigorously rub your hands together.
There are many types of massage, science has confirmed its life-giving effect. In some cases, massage is contraindicated; consultation with a doctor is necessary. In the East there is a proverb: “The mind of a child is the hands of a mother.” This proverb also applies to such a hardening factor as massage.
Hardening with food
There are two opposing points of view on this issue. The first is “You can mix everything in a saucepan except the Moon and its reflection.” The second is “A man is what he eats.” The second point of view seems more correct.
If the father of the disease is unknown, then its mother is always nutrition.
Our health directly depends on our nutrition. D. V. Kanshin wrote in 1885: “In order to prescribe medicine, the doctor is given a diploma. We take the medicine in microscopic doses. Why do we bow to the ignorance of the cook, who daily prescribes recipes for us for breakfast, lunch, i.e. medicine, but in quantitative terms hundreds of times more than the doctor recommends.”
A few more facts. In Sparta, physical training was instilled in citizens from childhood. The Spartans expelled the cook if he began to cook elegantly and sophisticatedly.
One day, the ruler of Syracuse sent a cook from Sparta to try the famous lentil stew. After tasting the famous dish, the ruler asked: “What does it take to eat such disgusting stuff?” And I heard the answer: “Prolonged physical activity and real hunger.”
In ancient Rome, a monument was erected to a centenarian who lived 112 years, with the inscription: “He ate and drank in moderation.”
National cuisines have their own characteristics. Australian Aborigines consume more than 200 species of plants and about 100 species of shellfish. The main thing is not this, but that food brings health.
Hardening with smell
Aromatherapy is the treatment of diseases using scents.
Ivanchenko V.A. in the book “Secrets of your vigor” identifies three groups of odors.
1) stimulating;
2) calming;
3) normalizing brain function
Choose your perfume and cologne carefully!
Hardening with gymnastics
Everyone knows that exercise is very beneficial. Some scientists believe that 80% of people are under stress, and when stressed, physical activity is simply necessary. The very first charge (of the known ones) was created more than two thousand years ago by the ancient Egyptian priest Hermes Trismegistus. Modern scientists were amazed at the high effectiveness of exercises.
There are many types of gymnastics, everyone can choose their own.
Next, under the guidance of a previously prepared student, students perform asymmetrical gymnastics.
Theory. If the work is monotonous, the muscles get tired quickly. Movement helps overcome this fatigue, but the movements are different - gymnastic exercises. Asymmetrical gymnastics is very interesting. The basis for it was the asymmetrical movements that are characteristic of folk dances. Studies have shown that systematic exercises in asymmetrical gymnastics improve coordination of movements and relieve stiffness. To determine how much a person masters separate movements, perform a complex consisting of five exercises. 5 points – excellent, 4 points – satisfactory coordination. 3 points – training is needed, at least 2-3 times a week.
Ex. No. 1. Arms extended to the sides at shoulder level. One rotates clockwise, the other counterclockwise.
Ex. No. 2. The right hand describes a circle in front of the body, the other - a vertical line.
Ex. No. 3. Arms at chest level, elbows bent, palms down. One rotates clockwise, the other counterclockwise.
Ex. No. 4. Rotate in front of the chest with one outstretched arm, and the other outlines an isosceles triangle.
Ex. No. 5. Performed as exercise. No. 4, but standing on one leg. The second outlines the square.
Singing, playing musical instruments, and tempering with dancing are very useful.
Walking in nature has a hardening effect
At the age of 85, Porfiry Korneevich Ivanov could walk for hours without shoes or clothes in the bitter cold. He has been hardening for over 50 years.
Many people begin hardening from childhood, of course, under the close attention of adults.
Non-professional tourism and communication with nature are useful.
A complete rejection of bad habits is necessary.
Tips for hardening the nervous system
Strive for peace of mind.
Avoid negative emotions.
Theory. To train feelings and emotions, you can use the gymnastics of the Moscow actor A. Boyarshinov. It all started with a wound to his heart and paralysis of his arm. Then thrombophlebitis of the legs occurred - the person could not walk. There was little chance of survival. Boyarshinov mobilized his will, studied specialized literature, did exercises, trained his psyche... Finally, he began to move his arms and legs, even play football! He created a gymnastics of feelings and emotions. With the help of this gymnastics, a person can learn to control his mood and relieve negative emotions. Here is one exercise - “Yawn”.
Imagine that you have just woken up. Eyes closed, wrinkle your nose. Yawn deeply. Open your mouth very wide. Inhale, exhale through the nose. Yawn deeply. This exercise stimulates the brain!
Conscious self-approval. Saint-Simon ordered his servant to wake him up every morning with the words: “Get up, Count, great things await you.”
Strive for a big, great goal! The great ones set goals for themselves, the rest live by desires.
Train kindness.
Hope, love to believe!
Fight stress with movement.
Be creative.
Have a hobby.
Live for people. It is better to live healthy for people than to live sick for yourself.
Humor!
Strong, friendly family!
Believe in goodness!
Tips for making a good presentation or project report
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Hardening
is a system of preventive measures aimed at the body’s resistance to adverse environmental factors. Health-improving hardening helps the body increase its adaptation to environmental conditions. That is, a hardened organism, even with significant fluctuations in ambient temperature, maintains the temperature of its internal organs within fairly narrow limits. For example: with a sharp decrease or increase in the temperature of the external environment, a hardened organism will react sharply by narrowing or dilating blood vessels to the threat of possible severe cooling or overheating, and will limit or increase heat transfer. Whereas an unhardened body will not be able to react so quickly, and will suffer from hypothermia or overheating.
In addition, hardening a person increases the body's endurance, strengthens the nervous system, increases immunity and resistance to disease. Hardening the body can be divided into several types depending on the procedures performed:
- Aerotherapy - air hardening.
This type of hardening includes air baths and long walks in the fresh air. Fresh air hardens the body by cooling the skin receptors and nerve endings of the mucous membrane and thereby improves the body's thermoregulation. Air hardening is useful for a person’s psycho-emotional state, increasing immunity, saturating the body with oxygen, and thereby contributes to the normalization of the functioning of most organs and systems of the body. . Air hardening is the simplest and most accessible hardening method. It is necessary to spend more time outdoors, regardless of the weather and time of year. You should try to spend more time walking in parks, forests, and near water bodies, since in the summer the air in such places is saturated with useful active substances that are released by plants. In winter, walks in forests and parks are also very important, since winter air contains practically no germs, is more saturated with oxygen and has a healing effect on the entire body.
- Heliotherapy is sun hardening, exposure of the body to sunlight and heat.
Sun hardening increases the stability of the nervous system, accelerates the body's metabolic processes, increases the body's resistance, improves blood circulation, improves the functioning of the muscular system, and has a tonic effect on almost all functions of the body. Sun hardening can not only bring benefits, but also cause great harm, so this type of hardening must be treated very responsibly and follow all the rules of sun hardening. Under no circumstances should burns, overheating or heat stroke be allowed. Improper sun hardening can lead to serious illnesses. Sun hardening should occur gradually and take into account the person’s age, state of health, climatic conditions and other factors.
- Walking barefoot.
Hardening with water.
Water hardening is a very beneficial procedure for the human body.
During water hardening, blood circulation in the body occurs more intensively, bringing additional oxygen and nutrients to the organs and systems of the body. Rubbing. .
Pouring. Pouring is a more effective procedure than wiping.
The dousing can be general, that is, the whole body, or local, i.e. dousing the legs. After the dousing procedure, you need to rub your body with a dry towel. Shower.
Hardening with a shower is an even more effective hardening procedure than wiping and dousing. There are two options for hardening with a shower, this is a cool (cold) shower. This type of water hardening is becoming more and more popular every year. Therapeutic bathing and winter swimming have a wonderful effect on all organs and systems of the human body, the functioning of the heart and lungs improves, and the thermoregulation system is improved. This type of hardening requires strict adherence to all the rules for this type. Start off
Lvova Lyudmila Vitalievna, 09/17/2017
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