Conversation - presentation “National Unity Day”
State budgetary educational institution for orphans and children left without parental care, Birsk Orphanage of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Conversation - presentation
"Day of National Unity".
Educator: Sudak E.G.
Birsk
2014
Target
: Formation of knowledge among students about the origins of the celebration of National Unity Day.
Tasks:
1. Familiarize yourself with the history of the National Unity Day holiday.
2. Develop the cognitive activity of pupils.
3. Fostering a sense of patriotism, respect for the historical heritage and cultural traditions of the Russian people.
Equipment
: Laptop, projector, screen, Whatman paper, glue, colored paper, tokens.
Sources:
http// starshkola.ru;
http// uchportal.ru;
http//5tan.ru;
http//festiyal.1september.ru.
Literature:
Borisov N.S., Levandovsky A.A., Shchetinov Yu.A. Key to the history of the Fatherland. -M; 1993.
Progress of the event
.
Presenter:
(slide 1)
Good afternoon! We have gathered in this hall in honor of the holiday. There are always treats at holidays, but today you will need to earn treats with your knowledge and activity. For your answers, my assistant will distribute tokens that you can exchange for sweets.
Leading
: A few days ago, some of you asked what holiday is celebrated on November 4th.
Who will answer this question? (children’s answers), ( slide 2)
Presenter
:
(slide 3)
Tell me, what is unity?
Why is it needed? Under what conditions does it occur? ( children's answers
).
Presenter:
(slide 4)
Unity is the consent of peoples.
Unity is peace and friendship of peoples.
Unity is kindness, understanding and forgiveness.
Leading:
Our country in recent years, namely since 2005, has officially acquired a new holiday, “National Unity Day,” which is now celebrated annually on November 4.
Leading:
But guys, the peoples of Russia did not always live in unity.
Unfortunately, throughout history, Russia has been tested many times for its strength; more than once it has experienced times when its unity was violated, when hostility and hunger reigned in the country. The events in memory of which this holiday was established really were and are fateful for our Fatherland: if not for them, there might not have been the Russia we believe in and love. When Emperor Ivan the Terrible, the last of the Rurikovichs, died in 1584, the time began in Rus', called the Time of Troubles in our history. Moscow and the Kremlin were captured by Polish-Lithuanian invaders. (slide5)
Back in 1612, a multinational people, led not by the government, but by their own sense of duty, united, rose up, gathered their last strength and saved the Fatherland.
Listen to what happened 400 years ago: Russian land was occupied by enemies - the Poles. It seemed that the Russian state had perished and would never regain its former power. But the Russian people could not and did not want to accept the death of their state. In the autumn in Nizhny Novgorod, the zemstvo elder Kuzma Minin, (slide 6)
guys, pay attention to his portrait, he began to gather an army to fight the enemies.
“Friends and brothers! Holy Rus' is perishing! - he said. “Let us help, brothers, the holy homeland!” One of the best military leaders of that time was called to command the militia - Prince Dmitry Pozharsky , known for his courage and honesty, (slide 7)
please note - this is a portrait of Dmitry Pozharsky.
For almost a whole year, the Russian people gathered their forces, and finally, the militia of Minin and Pozharsky marched on Moscow. (slide
The entire Russian land stood up against the invaders and traitors
. (slide 9)
The battles for Moscow began. Prince Pozharsky turned out to be a talented commander. And Kuzma Minin, not sparing his life, fought under the walls of the capital like a simple warrior.
(slide 10, 11)
Here a glorious day came: the enemy army surrendered to the mercy of the victors! When times of peace came, the tsar generously rewarded Minin and Pozharsky. But the best reward was the people's memory
. (Slide 12)
A simple man Kuzma Minin and the governor Prince Dmitry Pozharsky managed to gather the people for the battle and freed Moscow from enemies. Soon the entire Russian land was cleared of foreign invaders. Thus, in difficult times, the best traits of the Russian people emerged: perseverance, courage, selfless devotion to the Motherland, willingness to sacrifice their lives for it. (slide 13)
It is not for nothing that a monument to them stands in Moscow - the capital of our Motherland on Red Square - in the very heart of Russia.
On the pedestal of the monument are written the words “Grateful Russia to Citizen Minin and Prince Pozharsky.” (slide 14)
The monument was erected in 1818.
This glorious victory made the day of November 4 forever unforgettable for us. (slide 15)
Presenter
: Speaking about those distant events, one cannot help but mention one more hero - Ivan Susanin.
Tell me, who knows about his feat? ( children's answers
),
(slide 16)
Presenter
: Peasant of the Kostroma district in the winter of 1613.
was taken by enemies as a guide to the village of Domchino - the patrimony of the Romanovs, where Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, elected to the throne, was located. The enemies wanted to kill the king. Susanin deliberately led the detachment into an impenetrable swampy forest, for which he was tortured. The memory of Susanin was preserved in oral folk tales and traditions. A monument was erected to him in Kostroma .
(slide 17) Presenter
: Why was it necessary to come up with a new holiday, and even after 400 years?
You will say that it is no longer worth celebrating the feat of Minin and Pozharsky after 400 years? Not at all, November 4 was celebrated for centuries, until 1917. The fact is that back in 1646, by decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, this day was declared a public holiday in memory of the liberation of the Russian state from the Polish-Lithuanian intervention under the leadership of citizen Kuzma Minin and Prince Pozharsky. (slide 18)
National Unity Day on November 4 replaced the Day of Harmony and Reconciliation, which until 2005 was celebrated on November 7. Thus, we can say that National Unity Day is not a new holiday at all, but a return to an old tradition. (slide 19)
The idea to make November 4 a holiday, as National Unity Day, was submitted by the Interreligious Council of Russia in September 2004. It was supported by the Duma Committee on Labor and Social Policy, and thus acquired the status of a Duma initiative.
United Russia, represented by Valery Bogomolov, expressed support for the initiative. In the fall of 2004, a rally of 8,000 youth and representatives of public organizations was held in Saratov, during which support was voiced for the idea of establishing a celebration on November 4th.
It is in the feat of Minin and Pozharsky that the unity of all nationalities (Slavs, Tatars, etc.), all classes (peasants, traders, servicemen) is clearly expressed. Therefore, only November 4 could become National Unity Day. .
Leading
: What words can describe Kuzma Minin and Prince Pozharsky
? (children’s answers), (slide 20)
Presenter.
That's right, brave, courageous, persistent, brave, strong.
Leading:
And now, I want to invite you to remember the wise proverbs about the Motherland.
Whoever remembers, raise your hand, we will be happy to listen to you (children tell proverbs), (slide 21)
Presenter:
Well done, we remembered a lot of proverbs today.
Always remember, guys: we need to stick together, help each other, be able to forgive, and forget grievances. (slide 22)
Presenter
: Every holiday has its own tradition.
On New Year's Day we decorate the Christmas tree, on Victory Day we go to the parade and hang out flags. Today, in honor of the National Unity Day holiday, we will make a festive fireworks together, and what it will be like depends on you ( children are invited to cut out and stick stars in the form of a fireworks on a piece of whatman paper), (slide 23)
Presenter:
Well done guys, we got a wonderful fireworks display in honor of the holiday.
Leading
: Finally, you are given a quiz.
(slide 24)
- What events took place in Russia at the beginning of the 17th century?
- Who encroached on Russia's freedom?
- Name the heroes of that time.
- What changes occurred after the victory of the people's militia of Minin and Pozharsky?
- Where is the monument to Minin and Pozharsky?
- Where is the monument to Ivan Susanin?
- What is written on the pedestal of the monument to Minin and Pozharsky?
- In what year was the monument erected?
- In what year was the National Unity Day holiday officially approved?
Presenter:
(slide 25)
Take care of Russia, there is no other Russia. Take care of her peace and quiet. This is the sky and the sun, this is bread on the table And a dear little window in a forgotten village.
Take care of Russia, so that it is strong, So that it saves us from trouble in difficult times. She knows no fears, and her steel is strong. And she doesn’t feel sorry for the last shirt for her friend.
Take care of Russia, we cannot live without it. Take care of her so that she may be forever,
With our truth and strength,
our proud destiny.
Leading
: Thank you for your attention and participation.
(Children are given sweets for tokens
),
(slide 26)
