Pedagogical concept “Phytotherapy as a direction of health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions”

Herbal medicine for children

Herbal medicine, as an ancient science that has survived to this day, is part of traditional medicine.

This is a metabolic therapy option that fully influences the pathogenic process at the level of tissue metabolism.

Herbal medicine has been and remains a popular treatment method, recommended by specialists in various fields, including pediatricians.

Herbal medicine, in addition to the economic aspect, has a number of advantages in the treatment of many diseases, including in children:

• possibility of long-term and safe use;
• compatibility with prescribed pharmaceuticals;
• multifaceted action of plants, which allows simultaneously treating concomitant diseases;
• convenient and easy to use at home;
• effectiveness in the treatment of mild forms of the disease and as part of a set of measures for severe forms of the disease;
• many plants strengthen the body’s defenses, increase immunity, preventing diseases, preventing the exacerbation of chronic ailments and complications;

It should be noted that, like any treatment, herbal medicine has its own indications and contraindications and should be prescribed by a specialist, especially in children. In general, herbal medicine for adults and children is not particularly different.

Medicinal herbal infusions, subject to the rules of preparation and use, very rarely cause allergic reactions, but in children prone to allergies, it is advisable to try the herbal infusion for 2-3 days, carefully monitoring the child’s condition (presence of skin rashes, intestinal discomfort, etc.) If If there are no allergic reactions, then the herbal collection can be used for treatment.

There are basic principles for the use of medicinal plants:

• priority of herbal medicine (main or auxiliary);
• individual approach taking into account related problems;
• the principle of expediency (from simple to complex), that is, at the initial signs of the disease, use food plants, restorative herbs,
• monophytotherapy is preferable for young children,
• when the disease intensifies, compiling a complex of medicinal herbs.
• for acute diseases, herbal medicine is used during the acute period and 2-3 weeks after the symptoms subside.
• for chronic diseases, herbal medicine is used for about 4-6 weeks continuously and is repeated in courses 2-3 times a year, as well as in case of threat of exacerbation.

Herbal medicine for children is attractive due to its variety of forms for external and internal use.

The most common and optimal methods of using medicinal plants in children are enteral (that is, internal), external and inhalation.

In most cases, steams (teas), decoctions, infusions, and extracts are used internally. Microenemas are often used in young children.

Externally - baths, applications, rubdowns, baths, inhalations, etc. are used.

Herbal medicines are taken internally 15-20 minutes before meals. It is better to prepare decoctions or water extracts daily, calculating the daily dose for the child. Alcohol tinctures are diluted with water (and should not be used in young children under 3 years of age!)

Dosages of medicinal herbs for children

For children over 12 years of age, adult dosage can be used. Medicinal tinctures and herbal extracts for children are dosed at the rate of 1-3 drops per year of life per dose.

In children's practice, decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs are also used as rinses.

Middle-aged and older children usually gargle and gargle without difficulty. Young children (3-4 years old) must be taught this process and the procedure must be carried out under adult supervision.

Instead of gargling, young children (under 3 years old) are given a warm decoction to drink in small sips or 8-10 drops are placed in the nose. In this case, the decoction enters the nasopharynx and gives its therapeutic effect.

Rinsing is carried out frequently, for best results about 5-6 times a day, during acute periods you can rinse every 1.5-2 hours.

To treat nasopharynx, it is also good to instill oil extracts of herbs or emulsions of aqueous infusion in vegetable oil (olive or sunflower) into the nose.

Various herbal inhalations work remarkably well in the treatment of respiratory diseases.

In young children, the only possible and fairly effective method of inhalation is the so-called “tent” method.

To do this, it is enough to build a small tent from plastic film or any other waterproof fabric, put a saucepan with a decoction of medicinal herbs (for a good steam effect, the volume should be 3-4 liters) and sit the child next to it (attention! only under adult supervision!) or sit down yourself holding a child in her arms.

In this case, in addition to the inhalation effect, there will also be a general uniform heating. It should be taken into account that inhalations and any thermal procedures are carried out only at normal body temperature. If the child's temperature is elevated, these activities are not carried out!

In children, medicinal plants for external action are widely used, especially in the first year of life, to prevent diaper rash, cleanse and protect the skin (baths and bathing with string, chamomile, calendula).

It is very good to use medicinal vitamin food plants for the purpose of disease prevention.

These are various fruits, berries, vegetables, fruits, onions and garlic, salad and green vegetables.

They can be consumed daily by adding them to any food (for example, green and leafy vegetables, fruits, berries) and as a drink in the form of freshly squeezed vegetable and fruit juices, jellies, compotes, jelly, teas, decoctions.

In general, it can be summarized that herbal medicine for children is prescribed individually, taking into account the therapeutic effect and possible contraindications.

Concomitant diseases and intolerance to certain herbs (if there are allergies) must be taken into account. At a younger age, children often use monophytotherapy and infusions of 3-4 herbs.

Herbal treatment requires long-term use of at least 4-6 weeks, and in case of chronic disease, preventive courses of herbal medicine are carried out during the period of seasonal exacerbation (spring and autumn).

There are also limitations to herbal medicine:

• acute and life-threatening conditions that require emergency treatment,
• the presence of individual intolerance,
• Children under 14 years of age are not prescribed poisonous and potent herbal medicines; in other cases, a lower dosage is used;
• Plants that affect the endocrine system (Eleutherococcus, ginseng, aralia, etc.) are used with caution in children to avoid gonadotropic effects (early puberty).

Taking into account all the recommendations described above, the competent use of medicinal plants in children for the purpose of prevention, increasing the body's defenses and treating diseases will improve health and avoid chronic diseases in adulthood.

“Phytotherapy as a direction of health-saving technologies in preschool educational institutions”

Shaikhutdinova Yu.L.

“Phytotherapy as a direction for health-saving

technologies in preschool educational institutions"

Russia, Samara region, Pokhvistnevo

GBOU Secondary School No. 7 “Planet of Childhood”

At the present stage, in the conditions of the innovative educational process and the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard for Educational Education, there is a tendency and competence of teachers to create a culture of health among pupils of preschool institutions. Preschool return is the most important for the physical, mental and mental development of the child. During this period, the foundations of his health are laid. Data from various studies show that recently the number of healthy preschoolers has decreased fivefold and constitutes only 10% of the number of children entering school. Among the chronic pathologies of preschool children, the main place is occupied by diseases of the upper respiratory tract and digestive tract. Health, as we know, is 50% determined by lifestyle, and the lifestyle model is formed in childhood.

An important technique in the innovation and educational process is the organization of herbal medicine. In my opinion, it effectively influences the formation of a culture of health among pupils and solves the problem of rehabilitation in improving the health of frequently ill children. According to the World Health Organization classification, herbal medicine is one of the components of traditional medicine. Recently, the interest of the population in medicines of natural origin has increased significantly all over the world. For example, in Germany, 80% of people constantly use herbal remedies in their practice, more than 80% of the population in all countries have been treated with herbal remedies at least once.

The main goal of my work is the organization of herbal medicine as an important technique in the formation of the psychophysical development of a child in the conditions of the innovative educational process.

The objectives of the work carried out include the following stages:

• Consider modern approaches to the development of a child’s healthy personality in the conditions of the innovative educational process through herbal medicine;
• Conduct an analysis of the principles of preserving children's health;
• Organize a herbal bar for the purpose of preventive and health-improving work;
• To give methodological recommendations when organizing a herbal bar in the conditions of the innovation and educational process.

The priority living environment for preschool children is a preschool educational institution. The presence of a cause-and-effect relationship in the system “children’s health and the environment of an educational institution” is of particular relevance today.

Firstly, due to the persistent trend of deterioration in the health of children, and secondly, with the innovative processes that are taking place in education today. Therefore, based on the results of psychological and pedagogical research, we see that the physical and mental ill health of children is the result of complex socio-economic processes and environmental problems.

The novelty of the methodology lies in the combination of long-known health-saving technologies, as well as the rationalization and improvement of individual aspects of the pedagogical process.

In particular: the creation of a herbal bar in a kindergarten, taking into account social and pedagogical conditions, the health status of students, the professional ability and readiness of the team to carry out work to protect the health of children.

An analysis of the literature used showed that in the conditions of the innovation process there are modern approaches to the development of a child’s healthy personality. In the areas of innovative activities in the field of health culture among students, it is necessary to pay great attention to the search for new organizational forms of health-preserving work within the framework of the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standards of preschool educational institutions. The formation of a culture of health among students is possible under the following organizational pedagogical conditions:

• Maintaining individual priorities in creating your own methodology for the innovation and educational process;
• The use of herbal medicine as a means of developing a culture of personal health.

Our preschool educational institution has organized a herbal bar, where children receive herbal teas from the age of three, taking into account individual intolerance. The design of our kindergarten's herbal bar is a cozy environment using warm colors, wooden sculptures, ceramics, decoration with fresh flowers and ikebana. The herbal bar is equipped with colorful information about the composition of teas, methods of preparation and indications. The technology and assortment of a herbal bar, of course, largely depends on material support, but a wide range and advanced technologies will serve as an excellent means for children’s health.

Medicinal plants can be administered in various ways: internally, externally, inhalation. For now, we use it only internally, in the form of infusions, decoctions of individual plants, and collections. Melissa, mint, St. John's wort and rose hips are used to prepare teas and infusions. According to indications, renal collection, gastrointestinal and others. During periods of increased incidence of ARVI and influenza, pupils receive vitamin tea.

We, together with the head nurse, developed a method for using herbal medicine and proposed a plan of health measures recommended for use in preschool educational institutions for the recovery and rehabilitation of frequently ill children. Consultations, recommendations, advice for educators and parents, lesson notes and entertainment for children were selected, which contained interesting and educational information on herbal medicine:

— recommendations for educators “Assortment of herbal bar”,

— abstract of the pedagogical council on the topic: “Ensuring the ascent of a preschooler to a culture of health through improving the health-preserving environment of the kindergarten,”

— consultations for parents “General information about medicinal plants”; “Medicinal plants in everyday life”; "Living Pharmacy"

— notes of educational activities for children: “Journey to the world of medicinal plants”; "Plants that heal us."

Health-improving work in preschool educational institutions is built taking into account the return and individual characteristics of children. Individual health programs are created, one of which is herbal medicine, taking into account the characteristics of the child’s health and development.

The advantages of herbal medicine in the context of the innovation and educational process include: relative harmlessness, low toxicity, weak ability to cause side effects, greater availability, ease of use.

When using medicinal plants for children, you should adhere to the rule that the phytoproducts are pleasant in taste and do not cause a negative reaction in the child. For this purpose, flavoring additives are used in the form of sugar syrup, honey (in the absence of intolerance), rose hip syrup, pharmaceutical root syrup, and jam.

The system of comprehensive phytorehabilitation developed by us contributes to increasing interest in the problem of phytotherapy as one of the most important areas in the innovative educational process and solves the problem of rehabilitation and health improvement of frequently ill children.

The work is based on a competency-based approach, which allows us to focus on its results in the educational process of preschool educational institutions. At the same time, as a result, we consider not the amount of information acquired by children about health promotion, but the child’s ability to implement a healthy style of behavior. (Knows, knows how to do, does. After all, everyone knows about the benefits of morning exercises, but only a few of us do it). Therefore, by health care competence we understand the general ability and readiness of a child’s personality to engage in activities to protect and promote health.

The use of herbal medicine is an effective technique in the formation of the psychophysical health of students in the conditions of the innovation and educational process. There is a high level of competence of teachers in matters of health care and in the development of valeological literacy of parents. This ultimately has a positive effect on reducing the increase in morbidity in children and generally has a beneficial effect on the child’s health.

Bibliography:

1. Barnaulov O.D. “Introduction to herbal medicine” St. Petersburg. Publishing house "Lan", 2012
2. Buslovskaya L.K. “Health-saving technologies in preschool institutions.” Belgorod, 2011
3. Mityaeva A.M. “Health-saving pedagogical technologies” M., Academy, 2009.
4. Smirnova E.O., Galiguzova L.N. "Healthy lifestyle". Child education and development program for preschool educational institutions. M., 2010
5. Federal State Educational Standard

"Phytoncidotherapy in kindergarten"

Phytoncidotherapy in kindergarten

In a preschool setting, hardening is effective only if it fits organically into a set of health-improving activities and daily routine.

To improve the health and hardening of children, we use both traditional (physical education classes, walks and outdoor games, morning exercises, exercises after naps, sports events and entertainment) and non-traditional forms of children's health, such as phytoncidic therapy).

Children spend most of their time in the kindergarten premises. The microclimate of buildings is characterized by the presence of not only ordinary dust, but also opportunistic microorganisms that seem to provoke acute respiratory and allergic diseases.

Air comfort has a huge impact on the health of children. It is determined by the presence of oxygen, the presence of negative particles-ions - the so-called air vitamins. Indoor plants contribute to this. This has been confirmed for centuries by traditional medicine, where plants and herbs are given first place.

Therefore, we consider indoor plants in room design not only from the point of view of aesthetics, observation and children’s work, but also take into account their impact on the child’s body and select them based on their environmental properties.

In order to humidify the air, it is advisable to place in the room where children are:

• fern,
• Cyperus.

Have detrimental effects on bacteria:

• lemon,
• thuja,
• aloe,
• geranium,
• rose,
• begonia,
• ivy,
• asparagus,
• tradescantia,
• ficus

Filters toxic substances from the air:

• chlorophytum,
• aspidistra,
• ficus

When going out with the children for a daytime walk, we organize breathing exercises around juniper bushes or trees: chestnut, maple, spruce (to relieve fatigue).

Juniper releases a large amount of phytoncides into the air, so it is advisable to use it in a health environment for children. There is evidence that one hectare of juniper releases 30 kg of phytoncides per day, which can clear the airspace of an average city from pathogenic microorganisms. Parents have become faithful allies in improving the health of children using phytocidotherapy. In a family setting, they continue the work carried out with their children in our preschool educational institution. To do this, we introduce them to the list of plants that are used in preschool institutions and their purposes.