Case endings of nouns of the 1st declension
The first declension combines masculine, feminine and common nouns with the ending -а/-я in the initial form of the nominative singular:
- sergeant major, uncle
- glory, weight
- angry, sleepyhead.
Stressed endings of nouns will not cause doubts in spelling. Let's look at the unstressed endings of nouns of the 1st declension.
In order not to make a mistake in writing the letter “e” or “i” in the genitive, dative and prepositional singular forms, we will use the clue word “braid”, which has stressed endings.
Let's observe:
- And. n. (what?) book, scythe
- R. n. no (what?) books, braids
- d.p. I will give (what?) a book, a scythe
- V. n. I see (what?) a book, a braid
- etc. admiring (what?) a book, a scythe
- p.p. tell me (about what?) about the book, about the scythe.
Declension of nouns with final combination -iya
The case endings of feminine nouns of the first declension with the final combination of letters -i :
- geometry
- diction
- extravaganza
Such words end in -i rather than -e in the dative and prepositional singular forms.
Let's observe:
- And. n. (what?) strategy, strategies
- R. n. no (what?) strategy, strategies
- d.p. I strive (for what?) for strategy, for strategies
- V. n. studying (what?) strategy, strategies
- etc. we are interested in (what?) strategy, strategies
- p.p. will you tell me (about what?) about strategy, about strategies
Test dictations on the topic “Unstressed endings of nouns of the 1st and 3rd declension.”
Proposal from dictation.
- Masha's hat was all white from the snow dust.
- You need to listen to the spring trill of the warbler in the grove.
- Mitya had a briefcase and a shoe bag in his hand.
- We received a letter from Aunt Galya from Ryazan.
- The map of the area indicated places for the passage of heavy equipment.
- Frosts on the soil lead to the death of petunia flowers.
- There were no mistakes in Irisha’s notebook or Vasya’s notebook.
- Grandfather gave each granddaughter a mug of raspberries.
- You can read a lot about the benefits of honeysuckle in the book.
- Pike fry frolicked at the surface of the water of a small river.
- They made a house for a turtle in a shoebox.
- At the edge of the forest near a spruce tree, grandfather placed a squirrel feeder.
- On the lawn along the path, dandelions flicker among the green grass.
- Birds were chirping on the branches of the apple tree and on the branches of the pear already in the morning.
- Olya took her first steps from the crib to the toy without help.
- The heartfelt words of the priest’s sermon were heard at the church service.
- Dad played the accordion, and Petenka played the accordion.
- Lyubov Igorevna's cat Murka was sleeping on her bed.
- The sparkles in the girl's eyes spoke of her intelligence.
- The smoothness of the movements and flexibility of the gymnast is evidenced by her thin figure.
Suggestions from dictation.
- A hedgehog appeared in a clearing near a birch tree. Because of his fear, he was afraid to come closer to us.
- Pigeons and sparrows sat near the puddle. They took turns swimming in the deep little puddle.
- Here a hare trampled through the white winter fields. And here, through the light powder, squirrel tracks lead from the tree.
- Olya will remember this day. For the first time, she picked an apple from the apple tree for her grandmother.
- Every shoe has its time. Every thing and every new thing has its own owner.
- It was easy for the lynx to cope with the prey. A few hours later she was already in the thicket.
- Petya the dog has a new collar. It matches the color of her fur very well.
- Mom sewed a shirt for Mitya using the new fabric. Then I sewed on the applique with a needle and thread.
- In Ryazan, the folk craft is famous. She sews gloves from leather and decorates them with embroidery.
- We read about the date of the artist’s exhibition in the newspaper of our region. 0 his talent was talked about a lot in the program.
- A furniture factory has developed a new type of children's folding bed. The model takes into account the child’s height.
Endings of cases of nouns of the 2nd declension
The second declension includes masculine nouns with a zero ending and neuter nouns with the ending -о/-е :
- edge, threshold, layer, frost
- awl, apple, sea, field.
Let us turn to the peculiarities of the declension of masculine nouns with the final letter combination -i (aluminium, sanatorium) and neuter nouns ending in -i (definition, constellation). Such words in the prepositional case have the ending -i , rather than the typical ending -e , like all second declension nouns.
Let’s compare the endings of the masculine noun “fire” with the stressed case:
- And. n. (what?) fire, doubt, (who?) genius
- R. n. there is no (what?) fire, doubt, (who?) genius
- d.p. (what?) fire, doubt, (who?) genius
- V. n. (what?) fire, doubt, (who?) genius
- etc. (what?) fire, doubt, (who?) genius
- pp. (about what?) about fire, about doubt, (about whom?) about genius
This spelling of the ending - and the prepositional case is determined by the previous letter “and” at the base of the words:
- herbarium - about the herbarium;
- comment - in the comment;
- constellation - about the constellation;
- television - on television.
Spelling of unstressed case endings
The spelling of unstressed case endings of nouns depends on their declension. To correctly select the unstressed ending “e” or “i” in the genitive, dative and prepositional case singular forms of nouns, we will use the following algorithm:
- put the noun in the initial form of the singular I. p.;
- by gender and ending we will determine the type of declension;
- Let's determine the necessary endings of the noun by case, substituting the corresponding reference word instead, as shown in the examples in the table.
| Declension | Key word | Examples |
| 1st declension | wave | shutter (r.p. no shutter/wave, d.p. shutter/wave, p.p. about the shutter/about the wave) |
| 2nd declension | table | swan (about the table/about the swan – p.p.) |
| 3rd declension | Love | speech (love / speech – r.p., d.p., p.p.) |
| Indeclinable nouns ending in -mya | path (for r.p., d.p., p.p.) | time (path/time – r. p., d. p., pp.) |
Russian language cards
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Card No. 1.
Write it down, adding endings. Indicate the declension, case, highlight the ending.
Empty in the winter in the steppe….. Children play snowballs on the school playground….. The snow lies on the…rhushk…. ate...
Bees live in the ul even in winter….. A narrow path led from the groves…. to the railway embankment...
The travelers stopped to rest near the rivers... Along the cleared paths... the guys reached the garden
edge..... forest. The forest watchman walked from the guardhouse... along the forest edge....
Card No. 1.
Write it down, adding endings. Indicate the declension, case, highlight the ending.
Empty in the winter in the steppe….. Children play snowballs on the school playground….. The snow lies on the…rhushk…. ate...
Bees live in the ul even in winter….. A narrow path led from the groves…. to the railway embankment...
The travelers stopped to rest near the rivers... Along the cleared paths... the guys reached the garden
edge..... forest. The forest watchman walked from the guardhouse... along the forest edge....
Card No. 1.
Write it down, adding endings. Indicate the declension, case, highlight the ending.
Empty in the winter in the steppe….. Children play snowballs on the school playground….. The snow lies on the…rhushk…. ate...
Bees live in the ul even in winter….. A narrow path led from the groves…. to the railway embankment...
The travelers stopped to rest near the rivers... Along the cleared paths... the guys reached the garden
edge..... forest. The forest watchman walked from the guardhouse... along the forest edge....
Card No. 2.
Write it down, put the nouns in brackets in the correct case, indicate the declension and case.
on (horse)_____________________. In (briefcase)______________________ there are books and notebooks.
There are toys in (bag)________________, on (sofa)__________________. We remember summer
(rest)_______________. It was deep night when we reached (village) _________________.
It was already dark in (village)_________________. Barking could be heard from (village) _____________________
(dog)_________________. There were a lot of toys hanging on the New Year's (tree) _______________.
Card No. 2.
Write it down, put the nouns in brackets in the correct case, indicate the declension and case.
on (horse)_____________________. In (briefcase)______________________ there are books and notebooks.
There are toys in (bag)________________, on (sofa)__________________. We remember summer
(rest)_______________. It was deep night when we reached (village) _________________.
It was already dark in (village)_________________. Barking could be heard from (village) _____________________
(dog)_________________. There were a lot of toys hanging on the New Year's (tree) _______________
Card No. 2.
Write it down, put the nouns in brackets in the correct case, indicate the declension and case.
on (horse)_____________________. In (briefcase)______________________ there are books and notebooks.
There are toys in (bag)________________, on (sofa)__________________. We remember summer
(rest)_______________. It was deep night when we reached (village) _________________.
It was already dark in (village)_________________. Barking could be heard from (village) _____________________
(dog)_________________. There were a lot of toys hanging on the New Year's (tree) _______________
Card No. 2.
Write it down, put the nouns in brackets in the correct case, indicate the declension and case.
on (horse)_____________________. In (briefcase)______________________ there are books and notebooks.
There are toys in (bag)________________, on (sofa)__________________. We remember summer
(rest)_______________. It was deep night when we reached (village) _________________.
It was already dark in (village)_________________. Barking could be heard from (village) _____________________
(dog)_________________. There were a lot of toys hanging on the New Year's (tree) _______________.
Card number 3.
Write it down, put the nouns in brackets in the correct case, indicate the declension and case.
Talk about (book, girlfriend, friend).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Tell about (fairy tale, performance).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________-
Read about (spring, September).
____________________________________________________________________________________________—
To be at (exhibition, concert, pier).
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Dream about (gift, lilac, book, elk).
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Lilac, wheat, luggage, theater, tent, salt, furniture, apple tree, rye, oats, towel, market, squirrel.
Card number 3.
Write it down, put the nouns in brackets in the correct case, indicate the declension and case.
Talk about (book, girlfriend, friend).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Tell about (fairy tale, performance).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________-
Read about (spring, September).
____________________________________________________________________________________________—
To be at (exhibition, concert, pier).
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Dream about (gift, lilac, book, elk).
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Lilac, wheat, luggage, theater, tent, salt, furniture, apple tree, rye, oats, towel, market, squirrel.
Case endings of nouns. 4th grade 2012
Card No. 1.
Write it down, adding endings. Indicate the declension, case, highlight the ending.
Empty in the winter in the steppe….. Children play snowballs on the school playground….. The snow lies on the…rhushk…. ate...
Bees live in the ul even in winter….. A narrow path led from the groves…. to the railway embankment...
The travelers stopped to rest near the rivers... Along the cleared paths... the guys reached the garden
edge..... forest. The forest watchman walked from the guardhouse... along the forest edge....
Card No. 2.
Write it down, put the nouns in brackets in the correct case, indicate the declension and case.
on (horse)_____________________. In (briefcase)______________________ there are books and notebooks.
There are toys in (bag)________________, on (sofa)__________________. We remember summer
(rest)_______________. It was deep night when we reached (village) _________________.
It was already dark in (village)_________________. Barking could be heard from (village) _____________________
(dog)_________________. There were a lot of toys hanging on the New Year's (tree) _______________.
Card number 3.
Write it down, put the nouns in brackets in the correct case, indicate the declension and case.
Talk about (book, girlfriend, friend).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Tell about (fairy tale, performance).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________-
Read about (spring, September).
____________________________________________________________________________________________—
To be at (exhibition, concert, pier).
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Dream about (gift, lilac, book, elk).
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Lilac, wheat, luggage, theater, tent, salt, furniture, apple tree, rye, oats, towel, market, squirrel.
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