Work program on the subject Native (Russian) language in grade 2 of the educational complex “School of Russia”
The student will learn:
participate in oral communication in class (listen to your interlocutors, speak on the topic under discussion, follow the basic rules of speech behavior);
construct sentences to solve a specific speech task (to answer a question, to express one’s own opinion);
(independently) read texts, extract new information from them, work with it in accordance with the educational and cognitive task (under the guidance of the teacher);
use dictionaries to solve language and speech problems;
distinguish between oral and written speech;
distinguish text from a set of unrelated sentences;
analyze text with a broken order of sentences and restore their sequence in the text;
understand the topic and main idea of the text (when expressed verbally), select a title for the text, recognize parts of the text by their paragraph indentations, determine the sequence of parts of the text;
read questions to a narrative text, find answers to them and write them down correctly;
compose a text based on the picture, questions and supporting words; according to the drawing and questions, according to the drawing (after analyzing the content of the drawing); compose a text according to its beginning and its end.
The student will have the opportunity to learn:
analyze your own and other people’s speech when listening to yourself and the speech of your comrades (when answering a question posed by the teacher, when making an oral or written statement) from the point of view of correctness, accuracy, clarity of content;
observe the norms of pronunciation, use and spelling of words contained in the dictionary of the textbook;
title the text according to its topic or its main idea;
recognize texts of different types: description and narration, reasoning;
notice in a literary text the linguistic means that create its expressiveness;
compose short narrative and descriptive texts on a topic close to children’s life experiences (after preliminary preparation);
find means of connection between sentences (word order, pronouns, synonyms);
make small statements based on the results of observations of facts and phenomena of language; on a certain topic;
present in writing the contents of the text read (after preliminary preparation) on questions;
check the correctness of your written speech, correct spelling errors, notice and correct inaccuracies in content and design.
CONTENT of the academic subject “NATIVE (RUSSIAN) Language”
2nd grade (34 hours)
Topic 1:
Russian language: past and present (12 h)
Words naming games, fun, toys (for example, towns, tags, sleds, sleds, tops, whistles). Words naming objects of traditional Russian life: 1) words naming household utensils and tools (for example, grip, tub, mortar, bowl, jar, ladle, sieve, spindle, sickle, scythe, plow); 2) words that name what they ate in the old days (for example, tyurya, spelt, porridge, cabbage soup, stew, bagel, cheesecake, kalach, gingerbread): which of them have survived to this day; 3) words that name what children used to wear (for example, fur coat, sheepskin coat, hat, felt boots, sundress, shirt, bast shoes). Proverbs, sayings, phraseological units, the emergence of which is associated with objects and phenomena of traditional Russian life: games, utensils, tools, food, clothing (for example, you can’t cook porridge, no matter what). Comparison of Russian proverbs and sayings with proverbs and sayings of other nations. Comparison of phraseological units,
Native Russian language lesson with presentation, 2nd grade. Rye bread - grandpa roll
Lesson summary of the Russian native language, 2nd grade.
UMK: Perspective Class: 2nd grade Topic: “Rye bread - grandpa’s roll” UMK: Perspective Lesson type: discovery of new knowledge Description: I started teaching Russian native language lessons this school year using the textbook “Russian Native Language” 2nd grade, authors Alexandrova O.M., Verbitskaya L.A. The interesting, rich material of the textbook allows the teacher to expand children's ideas about the Russian language as a spiritual, moral and cultural value of the people, to develop cognitive interest, love and respect for the Russian language, and through it - to their native culture. Particular attention is paid to improving communication skills and speech culture, ensuring proficiency in the Russian literary language in different situations of its use. The textbook material, lesson material, lesson goals and objectives, forms and methods of work comply with the federal state educational standard for primary general education. Goal: • expand students' knowledge about the history of the Russian language, the origin of words, changes in the meanings of commonly used words, • show the need for language proficiency for successful communication; Objectives: Educational:
• Show the significance and value of bread in our time and in ancient times.
• Expand students’ knowledge about the history of bread and professions related to bread. • Teach to value and respect bread and the work of the people who grew the bread. • Activate cognitive activity through a problem situation, development of creative joint work. • Form a positive emotional attitude, the ability to work in a team. Developmental:
• develop observation, attention, logical thinking, ability to compare, group, draw conclusions;
• develop phonemic perception, visual and auditory attention, memory; • develop the ability to navigate the information space; • develop the communicative qualities of students, coherent oral speech through the ability to correctly form their thoughts in the process of working in class on the topic of the lesson. Educational:
• Cultivate a love for the native language, instill an interest in learning it;
• to cultivate in children a sense of pride for their Motherland, love for traditions and the culture of their people; • To develop the skill of adequate behavior during the lesson when answering and completing assignments, to continue developing the ability to work in groups. Planned results Subject:
• Get acquainted with words denoting objects of traditional Russian life: words naming bread products, with the history of the origin of these words, which of them have survived to this day.
Meta-subject: Regulatory:
• formulate and maintain an educational task, apply established rules in planning a solution.
Cognitive: • find answers to questions and extract the necessary information in the text and illustrations; establish cause-and-effect relationships, carry out analysis, comparison, classification; independently find ways to solve the problem. Communicative:
• make up small oral monologue statements, “hold” the logic of the narrative, provide convincing evidence
Equipment: textbook “Russian native language” 2nd grade, authors Alexandrova O.M., Verbitskaya L.A., Bogdanov S.I., projector, laptop. Educational resources: - Multimedia presentation for the lesson - Exhibition of books about bread, video clip.
— Illustration of “Loaf” on a towel. During the classes:
I. Org. moment
Are you guys warm? (yes) Is it bright in the classroom? (yes) Did the bell ring? (yes) Has class started? (yes) Do you want to study? (yes) Then you can sit down. (yes) Everyone took their places. Is anyone cramped? (yes) I’ll tell you a secret: “It will be interesting”!
II. Creating a problem situation
A teacher or a well-read student reads Ya. Pishumov’s poem “Mysterious Drawing”
(presentation SLIDE 2 is shown on the screen)
Vitya came up to the guys and showed a piece of paper: Take a look! Who can guess what I started drawing?...... - Express your opinion on what Vitya is planning to draw. (children express their guesses, the teacher continues) “I guessed it!” said Volodya. “This sun is rising!” SLIDE 3 Zina immediately objected: “There’s half a watermelon here!” SLIDE 4 - Nonsense! - Sveta laughs. - It’s immediately obvious that it’s an umbrella! SLIDE 5 Oleg ran up: - Wait! This is a helmet with a star! SLIDE 6 -No! - Borya said after thinking. “It’s a mushroom, so why argue?” SLIDE 7 Vasya shakes his head: “I don’t agree with you.” I'm sure there will be a parachute drawn here! SLIDE 8 Vitya took his drawing, smiled and said: “You were smart, but it’s a pity you forgot about the bread.” As soon as the harvest was harvested, we baked……. loaf! SLIDE 9
III. Motivation for learning activities SLIDE 10
- Guys, let's stand in a circle and hold hands. Imagine that we are standing on the edge of a wheat field. It's a bright sunny day. The breeze sways the ripe ears. - What did you hear? (the sound of the wind, the rustling of ears of corn, the singing of birds, the noise of a motor....) - What did you feel? (the smell of grass, the aroma of bread....) - What did you see? (golden field, sea of wheat...) (The teacher shakes hands with one of the children, the child passes the handshake in a circle). – You and I conveyed to each other the warmth of our souls, a piece of our mood. I hope you and I will have enough of this warmth until the end of the lesson. Sit down.
IV. Setting a learning task
— Have you guessed what we will talk about in the lesson? (children suggest the topic of the lesson about bread, how to grow it, how to take care of it) - That’s right, the lesson will talk about the miracle of the earth, the miracle of human labor - bread. The topic of our lesson is “Grandfather’s rye bread roll.” SLIDE 11 - What would you like to learn new about this topic? (children speak out) - Today in the lesson we will get acquainted with the variety of their bread products and their names, and we will also learn the origin of these words. Let's read interesting texts about the importance of bread in people's lives, and proverbs will reveal to us the true attitude of a person to bread. I wish you interesting discoveries.
V Work on the topic of the lesson
1. Revealing the specific meaning of the word BREAD - Let's start with the legend. (narrated by a pre-prepared student) “It was a very long time ago, from the life of primitive people. One day the men returned from hunting with nothing. And food supplies have run out. What will happen to the tribe? At dawn the woman went in search of food. Everything nearby was collected, and she went down into the ravine. And suddenly, near the stream, she saw an unfamiliar plant. What is this? The woman bent down, and golden grains fell from the spikelet onto her palm. They tasted sweet. This is food! Saving the tribe. So, many years ago, man discovered bread plants. The mealy grains brought a pleasant feeling of fullness. Today, plants whose grains are suitable for food are called in one word - BREAD” - Open the textbook on page 14. Let's do exercise 1. (the text of the exercise is read by a well-read student or a student in the class along the chain)
SLIDE 12 - Here is such a short but meaningful word “bread”.
Now let's try to answer the question. Why is bread called the miracle of the earth, a symbol of life? (Children answer using the text they read.) - Why does he occupy an important place in life? (Children answer using the text they read). 2. Working with proverbs - Bread is one of the most amazing products of human labor. The Russian people have always treated bread with respect. Before starting to cut new bread, they made the sign of the cross, and if the bread suddenly fell to the floor, they picked it up and kissed it apologetically. “There is no better flower in the world than a lush ear of corn, there is no better garden than a lush field, there is no better aroma than the smell of freshly baked bread,” says popular wisdom. Folk proverbs and sayings reflect a careful and respectful attitude towards bread. Do you know proverbs and sayings about bread? Then it’s time to collect our “Harvest of Proverbs.” - Let's do the exercise. 2 on page 15 of the textbook (children read the proverbs from Exercise 2 one by one and explain their meaning)
- Write any three proverbs in your notebook.
3. Work in groups - And today in every family, in the place of honor lies bread: crispy, with an appetizing crust. There are more than 750 types of different bakery products in the world. Let's look at the signs for the word bread that tell us what kind of bread it is. I begin: - Fragrant bread, ………… (children continue) golden, fresh, white, black, delicious aromatic, soft, wheat, rye. - Open the textbook on page 16. Look at the illustrations and read the names of the bread products. Do you know the history of the origin of these names?
- Let’s complete the tasks of exercise 3 (children are divided into four groups, get acquainted with the texts in the textbook, prepare a short oral message, tell these messages) The teacher tells from the history of the origin of the word “kovrizhka”
SLIDE 13 - Pay attention to the illustration on the slide and in the textbook with .20.
There is a gingerbread in front of you. Gingerbread is a type of gingerbread, usually made with honey. The word gingerbread is derived from the word kovriga, which means large round bread, loaf. Gingerbread is made from flour, honey, raisins, nuts, spices, and added sugar. 4. Conversation about the professions of people who grew bread. -Abundance of bread is the cherished dream of millions of people. We sometimes forget about the true price of bread, that relatively inexpensive rolls and loaves have absorbed the great work of not just one person, but the work of many people. Thousands of people work to grow grain, collect it, thresh it, grind it, and finally bake bread. You can’t get rye bread, loaves, rolls while walking. People cherish bread in the fields. They spare no effort for bread - Bread on our table appears thanks to the hard work of people of different professions. (On the children’s tables there are cards with the names of professions: miller, doctor, teacher, driver, milkmaid, tractor driver, agronomist, baker, combine operator);
- Choose those names of professions that, in your opinion, are related to bread.
(Children work from their seats in pairs, the teacher controls their work)
- Arrange the names of professions in the order of priority of bread making processes.
(children rearrange the signs in the correct order: tractor driver, agronomist, combine operator, driver, miller, baker). Children read poetry: SLIDE15 Agronomist: Lush, soft, baked, slightly browned Bread with a gilded crust Coming to you from afar. SLIDE16 Tractor driver: Only the snow melted in April. How the fields turned green. All together: We say: “Bread SLIDE 17 Combiner: The endless golden space The combines work here. All together: We say: “Bread.” SLIDE 18 Miller: Here the grain flows like a river, To become flour. We say: "Bread". SLIDE 19 Baker: The dough is swirling in the kneading bowl, Baked in the fire. All together: We say: “Bread.” SLIDE 20 Agronomist: Eat it, grow and remember: There is no greater work in the world, so that delicious, golden bread would decorate any table. 5. Rules for caring for bread - Thanks guys. The Russian people have always had the most respectful attitude towards bread. Before starting to cut new bread, they made the sign of the cross, and if the bread suddenly fell to the floor, they picked it up and kissed it apologetically. What could be more important than bread? There is, perhaps, only one word equivalent to the word “bread”. This word is "life". In the old days in Rus', rye was called zhit, from the word “to live.” If there is bread, there is life. SLIDE 21 -Did you know that giving bread meant wishing for prosperity and wealth? Since ancient times, bread and all grain plants have been considered sacred. Bread must be treated with special respect. There is no smell more pleasant for a person than the smell of freshly baked bread. It used to be common to bake bread at home. The birth of bread is a holiday. The housewife, before starting to bake bread, put on smart clothes and tied a bright scarf. Bread baked from flour sifted through a sieve was called reshetny, through a sieve - sieve, and a loaf was called wheat bread baked in a round loaf. Guys, let’s create “Rules for careful handling of bread” together. (children express their opinions, the teacher helps to correctly formulate the rules)
SLIDE 22
Remember, guys, these rules: 1. Handle bread with care 2. Never throw away bread.
Don't play with bread. 3. Take as much bread as you can eat. 4. Give the leftover bread to birds, pets, or make crackers. “We will always treat bread with care and teach others by our example.” VI. Lesson summary.
— Our lesson has come to an end.
— What new have you learned? — What do you especially remember? — What is the most important conclusion we made? SLIDE 23 The teacher plays the video clip “Bread”
VII. Reflection
- Now I invite you to evaluate your work.
There is a sun and a cloud on your table, if you liked the lesson and it was interesting for you in the lesson, then take the sun, and if you were not interested in the lesson and it was difficult to work, then take the cloud. - And I thank you all for your work in class, you did great! SLIDE 24 Literature used: Internet resources
Download Native Russian language lesson, 2nd grade. Rye bread - grandpa roll
Presentation on the topic: “Rye bread - grandfather’s roll”
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