How to correctly separate words with a soft sign for hyphenation: rules, examples
Rules for spelling a soft sign
Words with a soft sign are separated for hyphenation in the same way as other words without “b”.
The main rule: The soft sign before the hyphen remains on the previous line, along with the previous syllable.
Here are some examples for correct hyphenation of words with a soft sign:
Soft sign spelling rules
Words with a dividing hard and soft sign: examples, rules for spelling words
Below are the rules of the Russian language and examples of spelling words with a separating soft sign. This letter "b" is written before:
- "e"
- "e"
- "Yu"
- "I"
- "And"
There are word forms in the Russian language in which the sound “th” . The exception is prefixes; a soft sign is not placed after them (at the root or/and before the ending). After the prefixes there is a dividing solid sign . Here are examples of such words with a separating soft sign:
- Dress
- Snowstorm
- Family
- Foxes
- Serious
A soft sign is also written at the root of borrowed words:
- Medallion
- Senior
After the root there is a soft sign:
- frog skin
- bird's Nest
Below are the rules for spelling words in Russian with a separating solid sign. The separating solid sign is written after the prefix and before the root starting with:
- "e"
- "e"
- "Yu"
- "I"
Examples of words with a hard separator:
- Immense
- Shrink
- Entrance
- Announcement
The letter “Ъ” is written in words ending in a consonant, Latin prefixes: “ab-”, “ad-”, “dis-”, “in-”, “ob-”, “sub-”, “con-” or morphemes-prefixes: “counter-”, “pan-”, “trans-” . Here the prefixes are not distinguished as an independent morpheme, for example:
- Adjutant
- Injection
- Conjecture
- An object
The hard sign can also separate syllables in compound words that begin with "two-", "three-", "four-" . For example: dual-core, trilingual, four-yard and so on.
Exercises on the topic “Dividing soft sign” card index on the topic
Exercises on the topic “Soft separating sign”.
Task No. 1. From these words, form and write words denoting female persons.
Example: liar - liar.
Chatterbox - ... dancer - ...
Runner - ... fighter - ...
Naughty - ... grumpy - ...
Task No. 2. Read it. Change the words according to the example. Write.
Sample: wolf tracks - wolf tracks.
Cow's milk, bull's horns, fish scales, badger's hole, fox skin, hare's ears, dog's teeth.
Task No. 3. Read the fairy tale and story by K.D. Ushinsky. Write down the words from them in two columns: in the left column with a separating soft sign, in the right - with a soft sign - an indicator of softness.
1. The eagle is the king of all birds. He builds nests on the rocks. The eagle has a sickle-shaped nose, long wings, and a protruding chest—a brave fellow.
2. The smooth white bunny said to the hedgehog:
- What an ugly, scratchy dress you have, brother.
“True,” answered the hedgehog. “But my thorns save me from the teeth of wolves and dogs.”
Task No. 4. Read it. Write it off. Underline words with a soft separator.
A beetle lives in the desert. His bone tail is a real gun. Only it doesn’t shoot with shot. The beetle hits the offender with poisonous spray.
Task No. 5. Read it.
Bad weather.
Late fall. The wind blew the last leaves from the trees. It's been raining all day. Only the crow's cawing can be heard in the yard. Soon the time of frost and blizzards will come.
Write down the words with a soft separator. Underline the vowels preceded by a soft separator.
Task No. 6. Read it. Write it off.
Winged ants gathered on a large stone. The time has come for them to fly to new places. The wind will pick them up and carry them into the distance. In a new place, the ants will shed their wings and build new housing.
Underline the soft sign with one line - an indicator of softness, and with two lines - the dividing soft sign.
Task No. 7. Read it. Answer the questions using reference words.
- When do the stars light up?
- What did they do to the room?
- What did you cover the table with?
- When do the swans fly away?
- What did you plant the garden bed with?
Words for reference: furniture, tablecloth, autumn, beans, night.
Task No. 8. Read it.
Good wishes.
The clock strikes twelve. New Year! We wish you health, peace and happiness.
Write it off. Underline words with a soft separator. Write your own greeting card.
Auditory dictation.
New Year.
On New Year's Day we gather with the whole family. Brothers Ilya and Sergei bring a Christmas tree. The sisters dress up the forest guest. Dad and mom are preparing a holiday treat. Doorbell. Grandma and Grandpa came. Now the celebration can begin.
The clock strikes twelve New Year! We wish everyone health, peace and happiness.
Russian words with a soft sign: examples for memorizing
Rules for spelling a soft sign
From the above, it is clear that the Russian language has many rules with a soft sign. Let's look at one of them, for example. Below you will find the use of the soft sign “b” in words of the rich Russian language, ways of writing it, rules and examples for easy memorization. To better remember the rules about the soft sign, let's repeat it again and look at other examples.
The soft “b” sign, according to the rules, is divided into two groups:
- As an indicator of softness - to indicate the softness of the preceding sound.
- As a separator - an indicator that the following vowels sound like two sounds.
In the first case, according to the spelling rules with a “b” (soft) sign, the following are:
- The soft sign “b” is used at the end and in the middle of words.
- After and before consonants.
- Examples: horse, boy.
In the second case, the spelling rules with a “b” (soft) sign are as follows:
- "b" sign is used in the middle of a word
- After consonants
- Before vowels: - “e”, - “e”, - “i”, - “ya”, - “yu”
- Examples: dress, blizzard, family, serious, fox
At the root of borrowed words:
- Medallion
- Senior
Rules for spelling a soft sign
After a root:
- frog skin
- bird's Nest
For better memorization, you can use special memory poems:
Soft sign, soft sign - You can’t do without it! Without it you cannot write 30, 20, 10, 5.
Instead of 6, we get a pole, Instead of eat, we write eats.
Or...Before E, E, I, Yu, I I stand in the roots, friends. Sparrows, family, housing - in front of Ya, Yu, I, E, Yo.
The word on the soft sign begins: example
A word with a soft sign does not begin
. It is no secret that each letter of the alphabet corresponds to a certain sound. But in the Russian alphabet there are difficult letters that do not have a sound, and they also do not indicate it. One of these letters is the separating soft sign. When written, it looks like this - “b”. As a rule, a soft sign is located after a consonant, and nothing else, and is intended to soften it.
One of the requirements for writing a soft sign is that it cannot be written after prefixes, or at the beginning of words. That is why, in the Russian language, there are no examples of words beginning with a soft separating sign.
Soft sign - an indicator of the softness of consonants
- Hello, Seryozha! Why are you so sad?
– It seemed to you, Vasilisa.
- No, no, I see that you are upset about something. Share with me, maybe I can help you with something.
– You know, today I wrote sentences on the board from dictation and got a bad mark. And all the guys laughed at me. One of my classmates took a photo of my post and posted it on Instagram. And now I don't want to go to school.
– You know, Seryozha, I want to see what you wrote, figure out your problem and try to help you.
Here, look.
“Captain Vrungel’s ship ran aground. The cunning choir climbed into the chicken coop. Only the corners of the fire remained. I’ll take a watering can and water the flowers.”
- Everyone laughed - oh-oh-oh, how much chalk does it take for a ship to land on it. And why would a whole choir go into the chicken coop? They won't fit there.
- Yes, an unpleasant story. You just lost one of the letters. It is urgent to find this letter, or rather, sign, and learn to use it. And to find out what this sign is, try to guess the riddle.
This sign softens the sounds,
but they don't notice him
because this sign
not pronounced at all
.
- Oh, I remembered. This is a soft sign
. I completely forgot about this letter.
- Absolutely right. Today we will talk about the soft sign - an indicator of the softness of a consonant sound.
.
Why did you forget about this letter?
– The fact is that each letter has its own sound – [a], [b], [c]. But the soft sign is so silent, never makes any sound, stands modestly and is silent.
– Well, you yourself said what you need to know about the soft sign.
The letter soft sign (ь) does not indicate a sound
. But without this letter, many words will change their meaning. That's how it is in your proposals. After all, the ship did not run aground, but ran aground.
You see, you just had to add a soft sign, and the soft white mineral turned into a shallow place in the sea or river. And the predatory little animal, the ferret, is a whole chorus. And, of course, in the place of the extinguished fire there remain not corners, but embers. Look, the word choir has three letters, and the word ferret has four. Now let's see how many sounds there are in these words - [choir], [choir']. There are the same number of sounds in both the word ferret and the word choir - three each. It’s just that in the word ferret the consonant [p'] is soft
- Well, it’s necessary! It seems that I knew about the soft sign and suddenly... I forgot. Well, now I certainly won’t make such mistakes. Now I will know for sure - I hear a soft consonant sound at the end of a word - I write a soft sign
. Look at this: coal. I hear a soft sound [l'] - I write a soft sign after the letter L, rain - soft [d'] at the end - I write a soft sign, day - after N I write a soft sign because I hear [n'], a ball - I write a soft sign after Ch.
- Wait wait. There is no need to write a soft sign in the word ball. The sound [h'] itself is soft and there is no need to soften it further in this word. As, for example, in the word cloak, the always soft consonant sound [ш'] does not require additional softening and therefore there is no need to write a soft sign. Although, I’ll tell you a secret that there are
words that end in CH or Ш, and after them a soft sign is written
.
For example, night, oven, thing. All these words can be replaced with the word SHE
, and in such words a soft sign is written after soft hissing consonants.
But it is not needed at all for softening. But the words ball, cloak can be replaced with the word OH
and in such words a soft sign is not written. You will learn about this in detail in 4th grade. For now, just remember - a soft sign is written at the end of words if there is a soft consonant sound. But the sounds ch and sh do not need softening - they are soft in themselves.
We also talked about the fact that a soft sign can also be written in the middle of a word.
- How’s that?
– Let’s look at a couple of words: corners – coals [ugalki] – [ugalki]. The word corners has 6 letters and 6 sounds, the word coals has 7 letters but 6 sounds.
After all, a soft sign only indicates the softness of the preceding consonant, but does not indicate an independent sound. The soft sign performs this
not only when it comes after a consonant at the end of a word, as in the words polecat and stranded.
A soft sign
can appear in the middle of a word between two consonants, as in the word coals. At the same time, he softens the consonant that comes before him. But after a soft sign, a consonant can be both hard and soft. For example, in the word coals after l with a soft sign there is a soft consonant [k'] But in the word letter after a soft [s'] there is a hard consonant m.
- So-so. I understand, but... I'm not really sure if I can write all this correctly.
- Let's practice now. I’ll tell you riddles, and you type the answers on our tablet.
- Very good, go ahead!
- It’s hard for us to walk on the asphalt in the summer, But it’s easy for us to slide on the ice in the winter.
- Skates.
– White carrots grow in winter.
- m-m-m...icicle
- Your assistants - look - a dozen friendly brothers, How nice it is to live when they are not afraid of work.
- I know I know! Fingers.
- Well, let's see how you wrote these words.
– In the word skates, the sound [n'] is soft, so after it I wrote a soft sign
.
In the words icicle and fingers, a soft sound [l'] is heard in the middle of the word, and after the letter L I also write a soft sign
.
- Well, well done. Remember. The softness of a consonant sound in the middle of a word before a consonant is indicated by a soft sign.
All that remains is to talk about how to hyphenate words with a soft sign in the middle
.
Since the soft sign indicates the softness of the consonant that precedes it, then, of course, in no case should the soft sign be separated from the preceding consonant.
- Why can’t this be?
– So let’s take the word IMPOSSIBLE. It’s very well tolerated – no way. There are 3 letters on one line and 3 on the other.
- But look: if we transfer it like this, then we will read nel, soft sign, zya. After all, on the line next to the letter L there is no soft sign, which indicates that the letter L should be read as a soft sound [l'], and on the next line there is a soft sign for no apparent reason. So remember. When hyphenating words with a soft sign in the middle, the soft sign remains on the line with the preceding consonant, and the consonant that follows it is transferred along with the rest of the letters.
Skates, fight, no, no, icicle.
Well, today we dealt with the topic “ Soft sign - an indicator of the softness of consonant sounds
».
Do not forget:
* In writing, the softness of consonant sounds in the middle and at the end of words is indicated by a soft sign.
* The letter soft sign (ь) does not indicate a sound.
* When transferring words from one line to another, the soft sign is not separated from the preceding consonant.
Today we talked about the soft sign
indicates the softness of the preceding consonant, as if helping it to become soft too. Well, next time we will get acquainted with other work that the soft sign performs. After all, we have not yet made out the word that we encountered in the sentence “I’ll take a watering can and water the flowers.” But we will definitely figure out what is wrong with it. See you guys!
