“Politeness and etiquette” lesson plan (senior group)

Etiquette rules for children are one of the important topics that parents should raise in their family in a timely manner. A person of any age living in a society must take into account the norms of behavior accepted by this society and follow them. The child’s place in society depends on how conscientiously parents raise their child.

What is etiquette?

Etiquette is a set of norms and rules governing the behavior of people in society or a particular social group. When we talk about etiquette for children, we mean the rules of good behavior, first of all, in relation to adults, because they are the ones who can evaluate behavior as “good” or “bad” due to their experience.

Etiquette is divided into different types - there are both generally accepted rules and special etiquette for individual occasions (for example, official, religious, mourning). Children should be taught etiquette gradually, and for preschool age, those rules of good manners that children can apply in everyday situations are sufficient.

When to instill good manners?

You can teach children rules of behavior from a young age, although awareness will come much later - after 5 years. Children should be introduced to table manners from the age of 2. The child is already quite capable of eating on his own, which means it’s time to start explaining how he can and cannot behave while eating.

Preschoolers are taught etiquette by their parents at home and by teachers in kindergarten. The baby is in the company of adults and children; situations arise around him every day that require politeness, respect for elders, and the ability to interact with peers.

When a child grows up and goes to school, his level of freedom will increase, and there will be less control from adults. All omissions of parents in upbringing will be clearly visible, and correcting the behavior of schoolchildren is not easy. That is why the rules of etiquette and ethics (the foundations of ethics and ethics) must be laid down from an early age.

Etiquette for children. Politeness Lessons

When teaching children rules of behavior, you can use a conditional algorithm:

1. State a rule, a norm of behavior
2. Show in practice or in a game
3. Support your child in performing
4. Give positive reinforcement: praise, approve (words, looks, gestures, facial expressions)
5. Monitor that the rule is observed under the specified conditions by all participants in the process

Note: A friendly tone and a friendly face are wiser teachers than a shout, an order, or a reprimand.

What should a preschooler know?

The best example for a child is family members, primarily parents. By imitating them, the baby learns good and bad, so parents must control their behavior in front of the child. You should not forcefully teach your child politeness if, due to his age, he still cannot understand why he needs to say hello to strangers. Or with those about whom his parents do not speak very well. In addition, imposing rules can lead to a backlash – protest.

Around age 5, just when adult imitation is in full swing, is the time to start paying your child's attention to how you interact with other people, especially outside the family. Here are the rules that a preschooler needs to know so as not to get into an awkward situation and not make their parents blush.

Speech etiquette

It is necessary to follow the rules of speech etiquette not only with members of your family, but in general with all children and adults, not necessarily only with acquaintances. Adults should set an example for children and also follow the rules of communication:

• greet your family in the morning, wish them good night before going to bed;
• greet acquaintances on the street and at a party, and then say goodbye to them;
• say hello to your neighbors, even if you don’t know each other personally;
• use the words “thank you”, “please”, “be kind”, “sorry”;
• address strangers using “you”;
• do not insult, do not tease other children, do not snitch, do not provoke;
• apologize if you did something wrong;
• say “let me interrupt you” if you need to address one of the speakers.

Table etiquette

A child should be taught table manners from an early age, and as they grow older, the requirements for the child will increase. The way a child behaves at the table creates the main idea of ​​his upbringing, cleanliness and respect for such a family ritual as eating.

During meals, you must observe table etiquette:

• you need to eat only in a designated place (kitchen or dining room);
• use cutlery during family meals, this also applies to small children (prevent smearing food with your fingers on the plate);
• you need to eat from your own plate, do not comment on the contents of someone else’s;
• do not pounce on food if not all family members have gathered;
• do not chat with your mouth full, remember the rule “when I eat, I am deaf and dumb”;
• chew with your mouth closed;
• do not play with food, do not indulge in drinks (do not spill tea, water, do not drink juice loudly through a straw);
• it is indecent to express your negative opinion about food (“ugh, that’s disgusting”, “I won’t eat this”);
• it is indecent to put your elbows on the table, to push;
• It’s not nice to stretch across the entire table; you need to ask the person sitting next to you to pass something;
• You can’t pick your mouth at the table;
• you need to use a napkin or towel, and be able to ask for a clean napkin;
• take from the plate that piece of bread (piece of pie, sandwich, fruit) that is closest, and not choose the one that is larger or more beautiful;
• Moreover, it is indecent to take a piece from a common plate, hold it and put it back;
• before leaving the table, you need to wait until all family members have finished the meal, or ask adults for permission to leave;
• You can’t take a plate of food and go to the TV or to another room.

Guest etiquette

When visiting, you need to behave calmly, show respect to the owners of the house and follow the rules:

• do not come empty-handed (bring some kind of treat, even symbolic);
• do not ask for tea without an invitation;
• always say hello to the owners of the house;
• you cannot walk around rooms without permission and touch other people’s things on shelves or inside cabinets;
• It is strictly forbidden to jump on beds, sofas, chairs, even if the owner’s child does this;
• do not throw tantrums, do not demand anything from the owners of the apartment;
• keep clean, throw away trash after yourself (candy wrappers, juice boxes), collect toys after yourself;
• calmly pack up and leave when the time comes, do not demand to play more;
• Be sure to say “thank you” for the hospitality and food, and say goodbye to the owners of the house.

Family etiquette

The rules of behavior in each family are established individually, but there are common ones for all - respect and mutual understanding.

When communicating with family members, you must adhere to the following rules:

• older relatives must be treated with respect, without being rude, not insolent, or undermining the authority of the head of the family;
• You cannot swear or shout at family members;
• if you need to get into the room of your parents (or other relatives), you should definitely knock;
• it is at least ugly to tell or “report” on a brother or sister;
• It is important to respect the work of family members, be it cooking, cleaning the house or playing together.

Rules of behavior on the street

If at home only family members can judge a child’s upbringing, then on the street all the flaws in upbringing are striking. So that you don’t have to blush awkwardly and embarrassly take your baby away, teach him the following rules:

• there is a trash can for garbage;
• It is forbidden to walk on lawns or pick flowers from flower beds;
• it is indecent to point a finger at people and discuss their appearance out loud;
• you cannot cross the road whenever and wherever you want if cars are driving along it;
• You should not intrusively tell any personal information to strangers;
• it is forbidden to leave the place where the parent left the child waiting for him, or where they agreed to meet;
• When walking, you should not run far ahead of your parents or hide in busy places;
• when moving along the sidewalk, you need to walk on the right side (analogy with lanes for cars);
• Don’t stop in the middle of the sidewalk to tie a shoelace or chat with a friend—you need to step aside.

Behavior in transport

Sooner or later, you and your child will have to go somewhere by public transport, so instruct your little passenger in advance on how to behave on a bus, train, train, or plane:

• on the bus, give up your seat to older people (if the child is still small, then explain that now he needs to sit for his own safety, and another person will give up his seat to the grandmother);
• offer a place to pregnant women (when the child already knows this concept);
• on a long-distance train you cannot run around the carriage or knock on other people’s compartments;
• do not shout, do not knock on the wall of the train compartment;
• on an airplane you cannot stand up from your seat if this is temporarily prohibited, shout loudly, or push the seat in front with your feet;
• in any type of transport, it is indecent to dirty the person sitting in front with your feet or push the back of the chair with dirty shoes;
• It is forbidden to shout, laugh loudly, or sing songs.

Rules of conduct at the theater, circus or other cultural event

Parents have the opportunity to introduce children to cultural life from an early age - theaters, museums and other institutions are now available almost from birth. Therefore, before visiting such places, you need to explain to your child how to behave:

• do not be late for the performance, but arrive with plenty of time to return your outerwear and visit the restroom, if necessary;
• come to the hall before the program starts in order to take your seat and not disturb your neighbors;
• if you are still late, you need to move forward to your seat along the row facing forward, and apologize for the inconvenience caused;
• do not crunch on food or make noise with your drink during a performance or movie show;
• do not talk during the session, do not answer phone calls, put the device on silent mode.

General rules of conduct

There are things that are unacceptable in any place, in any team:

• scratching, picking teeth, ears, nose in public;
• get ahead of others when passing through a door, for example, in a store;
• scream, run, slam doors;
• be rude, answer questions unkindly;
• cough without covering your mouth and burp without apologizing;
• shouting on public transport;
• run and step on feet;
• shuffle your feet when walking;
• chew gum without covering your mouth, chew loudly in public.

How to teach politeness to children at home

It is known that the first rudiments of politeness are laid in the family. In practice, the rules of politeness for children are presented by loved ones, and then by society. The little one unconsciously copies the behavior of his mothers and fathers. Parents can take advantage of this and unobtrusively instill the first rules of etiquette, for example, if every evening you wish your child good night, and after waking up good morning, thank you for good deeds, ask for forgiveness in awkward situations, then children will behave the same way from infancy. How else can you teach children about politeness? According to the advice of experts, we use the children's “alphabet of politeness”:

"Polite" games

Play is the most accessible method for understanding and developing the necessary politeness skills in children, as it is the leading activity in preschool age. The most effective in politeness lessons for children will be story-based games: “Let’s feed the doll”, “Bear’s birthday”, “Shop”, “Bathing a doll”, “Bus driver”, “Travel” and the like. These favorite games for preschoolers teach them the rules of politeness and good manners. Even for the little ones, you can create play situations in which the baby will learn etiquette.

For example:

• Take a doll or teddy bear, extend its paw and say: Hello! The child will reach back and answer.
• Use a toy to pass any object and say: Please, this is for you! The little one should say: Thank you!
• Children love rhymes very much; you can play with toys, asking questions about politeness and good manners in poetic form:

How many of you, waking up cheerfully, “Good morning!” will he say firmly? (the toys “answer” in their mother’s voice: it’s me, it’s me, these are all my friends!)

Tell me, brothers, which of you forgets to wash your face? (similar: it’s not me...)

Which one of you has everything in order, Dolls, books, chocolates? (toys answer)

How many of you on a cramped tram give up your seat to older people?

Which one of you is silent, like a fish, Instead of a kind “thank you”?

Who wants to be polite without offending kids?

"Polite" riddles

Preschoolers love riddles in verse, when at the end of a phrase you can substitute the correct word and complete the rhyme. Riddles like these help to unobtrusively reinforce the rules of politeness for children:

1. If you meet an acquaintance, either on the street or at home, don’t be shy, don’t be disingenuous, but say louder: ... (Hello).
2. If you ask for something, then first do not forget to open your lips and say:... (Please).
3. If someone helped you in word or deed, do not hesitate to loudly and boldly say:... (Thank you).
4. It’s not too lazy to say to your friends, smiling: ... (Good afternoon).
5. When we say goodbye to each other, we will say:... (Goodbye).
6. You shouldn’t blame each other, it’s probably better... (Sorry).
7. When you are guilty, you are in a hurry to say:... (I beg you, please forgive me).
8. Never get involved in someone else’s conversation, and you are better than adults... (Don’t interrupt).
9. The old stump will turn green when it hears:... (Good afternoon).
10. If a friend meets a friend, the friends shake hands. In response to a greeting, everyone says:... (Hello).

Watching cartoons

There are many good cartoons that you can watch together with your little ones, for example, about Winnie the Pooh, Thumbelina, Cheburashka, etc. After watching, discuss the right or wrong actions of the characters. Let the child express his opinion on this matter. Listen without interrupting, this is also an element of developing politeness. If you think that his opinion is not entirely correct, gently explain the incorrect points.

Reading books

By reading good old fairy tales or original stories, you can learn lessons in politeness from them. For example, the works of N. Nosov, V. Oseeva, G. Shalaeva, V. Stepanov and many others will help you understand what politeness is for children. Quite relevant in relation to good manners is Nosov’s work about Dunno in the Sunny City. Or the fairy tales “Two Greedy Bears”, “Morozko”, “Polite Rabbit”.

Numerous poems about politeness teach respect for elders and care for younger ones. In order for the baby to remember them, they must have a good rhyme and be accompanied by colorful pictures. For example, everyone knows Samuel Marshak’s poem “A Lesson in Politeness,” which talks about a little bear who learned to be polite. It is interesting to read Agnia Barto’s work “Lyubochka” to children. After reading the books, be sure to discuss the characters and their actions with your child, and ask him unobtrusive questions. This way you can make sure that the child really listened and understood what the piece was about.

Proverbs

In the culture of every nation there are necessarily other folklore forms, in addition to fairy tales, which will also help to reinforce the rules of politeness for children. You can read proverbs about kindness and politeness; kids quickly remember them:

• Speak boldly about a good deed.
• Life is given for good deeds.
• Hello is not complicated, but it wins the heart.
• A kind word is better than a soft pie.
• As you live, so will your reputation.

Rules of conduct for preschoolers in pictures

You can teach your child etiquette both by example and by visual aids. You can explain how to behave in society and show illustrations. The book “Etiquette for Kids” in pictures by E. V. Sokolova and N. N. Yankovskaya is suitable for this.

When showing your child a picture, you can ask leading questions: “What do you think is shown here? How should you behave?" Let the child try to formulate the rules of behavior himself.

Learning by playing

You can also teach your child the rules of good manners through play. Conduct politeness lessons at home when you are studying with him or just playing in the nursery. You can play out situations with the help of dolls and your favorite toys - write a fairy tale about someone ill-mannered, act out a mini-scene, come up with etiquette games (“tea party with dolls”, “the bear went to visit”, etc.), and then - discuss and ask: “Who did the right thing? And why? Who will mom praise?" You can put on a whole theatrical performance for kids.

Read books on this topic and discuss which characters behave correctly and which ones are rude to others. There are many books on the topic of children's etiquette, here are some of them:

1. “Etiquette for children of different ages”, A. Usachev;
2. “Rules of Conduct”, E. Beaumont;
3. “Polite words”, O. Korneeva;
4. “Sociable Tales”, T. Shorygina;
5. “The ABC of Politeness”, L. Vasilyeva-Gangnus;
6. “School of politeness for small owners”, N. Ivanova, G. Shalaeva;
7. “Rules of conduct for well-mannered children”, G. Shalaeva, O. Zhuravleva, O. Sazonova;
8. “The most important rules of behavior for well-mannered children”, Harvest publishing house;
9. “Etiquette for Fidgets”, Clever publishing house;
10. “How to behave at the table. Etiquette for everyone in stories, poems, pictures,” ed. R. Dankova.

In preschool educational institutions, children are taught politeness according to specially developed programs. Teachers organize classes and teach children the rules of good manners, but this does not mean that parents should abandon this topic and rely only on teachers.

Note to parents

It is difficult to name the exact age when you need to start teaching your child good manners. It is necessary to instill in a child norms of behavior with family members and society from birth, even when the child does not understand the whole essence. He understands the intonations, the mood of his family and sees the picture of what is happening.

The table below clearly illustrates the approximate age range when you can introduce your child to the rules of behavior.

Table “When and how to teach a child etiquette”

Politeness lesson in elementary school, 1st grade

Class notes “I'm going to visit” for elementary school
Author: Barteneva Nadezhda Nikolaevna, primary school teacher, MKOU Secondary School No. 1, Makariev. Description of the material: I propose the development of a class hour, 2nd grade. This material will be useful to primary school teachers. Goal: to develop moral and ethical standards of behavior in children. Objectives: teach children to be good guests;
introduce children to the rules of behavior when visiting; develop guest culture. Progress of the lesson
1. Organizational moment Teacher: Everyone stood in a circle. We pass the hat along to the music. The music stops, the student says any magic word out loud. Maybe some of you have guessed what connects the word hat and magic words. Students 2. Message about the topic of the lesson Teacher: We listen very, very carefully. Behind a clean, clean field, behind a dense forest, behind a long road, behind a sugar mountain, there is a fabulous city. You can’t count all the wonders in the Fairytale City. Living in it is a pleasure. All the residents there are incredibly polite and they all know the magic words. Would you guys like to get to this fabulous city? Maybe one of you can come up with a name for this city? And the words in the text will help you. Students Teacher: We will call our fairy-tale city the city of Politeness. This is what our city looks like.

Teacher: You and I are going to visit, what we must remember. Students Teacher: We must greet the owner of this house, take off our hat when we enter the house, take off our gloves when we say hello. So what are we going to talk about today? Students Teacher: The topic of our lesson is “Magic words, actions” or “I’m going to visit” 3. Conversation Teacher: What magic words do you know? Students Teacher: Look at these magic words.

Teacher: Today we will talk about words of greetings. Do you want to know what greetings mean? Just imagine, I enter the class and say to you, “Hello, dear students!” Why are you laughing? You do not like? Pupils Teacher: Then in another way “healthy bulls” or “Hello, children!” All I said was greetings. What greeting do we use most often? Students Teacher: Hello - this is to wish you health.
This custom appeared a very long time ago. Do you want to know how they greet you in other countries? Russians, British, Americans say “Hello!” when they meet. and shake hands. Eskimos pat each other's cheeks. Laplanders rub noses together. Iranians, after shaking hands, press their right palm to their heart. In autumn the holiday of greetings is celebrated. November 21 - World Greetings Day

After all, only through good communication, and not by using force, can almost any conflict be resolved.
This holiday of greetings was invented in 1973 by two American brothers, Michael and Brian McComack. “We need a simple but effective act,” the brothers decided and sent letters with warm greetings to all corners of the world. They did not impose their ideas of struggle for world peace on anyone. They only asked the addressee to greet someone else, well, at least ten more people! In all countries of the world, when people meet, they wish each other well. Work in groups Teacher: Each group stages a situation.
1.Two friends meet. Who says hello first? 2. At school you saw a teacher. Who should say hello first? How will you do this? What if your teacher is standing with another teacher, what do you say? 3.You are walking down the street and across the road you see a teacher. How will you greet him? What about your friend? 4.In the evening my parents came home from work. Should you welcome them? What words will help you show that you are glad to see them? From the history

1. Where did the custom of taking off your hat when you go to visit come to us?
2. Who were called knights? 3. Where did the custom come to us - when greeting, take off your gloves. Teacher: This custom arose during the time of knights, who constantly wandered throughout the country, dressed in armor. Who were called knights? Students Teacher: In the Middle Ages, knights were called brave, courageous warriors who wore heavy armor (plate, chain mail, helmets) and were armed with a spear and a sword. -The word “knight” originally meant “horseman.” Knights could only be people of “noble origin, rich enough to acquire a horse and weapons - a sword, shield, armor. Knights served in the army of the king or other noble people, owners of large land holdings - dukes, counts, barons. In order to become a real warrior-knight, it took a lot of effort and time. The knight was prepared for military service from childhood. At the age of 7, boys left their parents' home and became pages (personal servants) of noble feudal lords (landowners or the king.) There they learned fencing, wrestling, and horse riding. Javelin throwing, singing and dancing. They taught them not only military affairs, but also taught them to keep their word, help each other out, stand up for the weak, and treat women nobly and sublimely. When the young man turned 15 years old, he entered the service of a knight and became his squire. His duties included caring for the knight's horses and dogs. He greeted guests and served them at table. On a campaign, he carried armor; during the battle he had to be behind the knight. To provide a spare weapon. And only after several years of service were squires who distinguished themselves in battle knighted.

Are there knights nowadays? Students Teacher: Entering the house, the knight took off his helmet, as if with this gesture he was saying to the owner: “I am not afraid of you.” Knightly times have passed, but the custom of removing his hat when entering a house remains. By doing this you show the owners that you respect the house and the people living in it. Physical education lesson You will perform only those movements that contain “magic words”. Stand up please! Hands up. Please clap! Stomp. Spin around, please; Please sit down quietly! Teacher: Where did the custom come to us - when greeting, take off your gloves. Since the same knightly times, when greeting, remove the glove from your right hand. By taking off his glove, the knight showed that he did not have a weapon in his hand and that he treated those he met kindly. There's a knock on the door. A fairy-tale hero appears (We had Pinocchio). Pinocchio: (narrates) It was wet snowing outside, it was dirty. I approach a friend's house. Covered in snow, I entered the house without knocking, and there were guests there. I began to greet each guest individually without taking off my gloves. All the guests were surprised and looked strange. And why I still don’t understand. Teacher: Guys, teach Pinocchio how to behave at a party. Students Teacher: Before entering the house, dry your feet thoroughly so as not to leave a stain. If it’s raining or snowing outside, shake off your hat and coat while still on the stairs. Don't enter a room without knocking. Don’t try to greet everyone individually, this will take a lot of time and you will unwittingly interfere with the general conversation. It’s better to shake hands with the hostess and the owner, and bow slightly to the rest and say “hello.” Buratino: And then this is what happened to me. The owner invited me to undress, saying: Be careful! The owner had to leave. I began to get to know the guests. I shouted to one of his friends: “Hey, you, come here.” He came up, looking at me in surprise. What did I do wrong? Students Teacher: This is offensive, offensive, but there may be cases when you do not know the name of the person you are addressing. What will you do? Students Teacher: We need to ask the name, get to know each other. (playing out the situation) You can meet through an intermediary. Pinocchio: Guys, thank you for the lesson. And you tell me how to behave when visiting at the table. Teacher: Yes, we will continue this topic at the next class hour. 4. Summary Teacher: If it was interesting in class, then take each other’s hands and tell each other your full name, if it’s not interesting, then just stand near the desk. (In pairs at a desk) In the second lesson, children get acquainted with the presentation. “How to behave as a guest at the table” Conclusion with children in the second lesson.

We recommend watching:

The main features of a well-mannered and polite person A fairy tale for studying the topic “Etiquette words” An extracurricular activity for grades 2-3. Appearance Conversations for younger schoolchildren on the formation of a culture of verbal communication

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