Lesson “Caring for indoor plants”
Topic of the lesson: Homeland of indoor plants. Care of indoor plants.
Lesson objectives:
- Consolidating knowledge about indoor plants.
- Instilling an interest in floriculture.
- Familiarize students with the role of indoor plants in human life, the homeland of indoor plants, the rules for planting and caring for indoor plants.
- Formation of skills for placing indoor plants in the interior of a house or apartment.
- Identifying the characteristics of indoor plants.
- Cultivating aesthetic taste and respect for nature.
- Development of students' cognitive abilities; research skills (ability to compare, analyze, draw conclusions).
Equipment:
flower pots, small watering cans, sticks for loosening the soil; sprayer, cards - caring for indoor plants.
Progress of the lesson:
- Listen to B. Vovk’s fairy tale “Whose flowers are better?”
Once upon a time, the seasons began to argue - who has the best flowers? Spring stamped her heel - and where the snow lay, the streams began to ring. The grass has turned green. The ground was covered with snowdrops, lilies of the valley, coltsfoot flowers, anemones, daffodils...
“My flowers are the most beautiful,” says Vesna.
“No,” Summer objects to her. “Your flowers are really beautiful, but only mine are better!”
Summer waved her hat, woven from the sun's rays, and scattered her flowers everywhere without stinting. The wind will blow and the bells will ring. A bumblebee collects sweet nectar from fragrant clover. Everywhere you look there are cornflowers, fireweed, cloves, nasturtiums, chamomiles...
Autumn began to feel cold with envy. And the colors of Summer have faded.
“My flowers are no worse,” Autumn said and waved her crimson sleeve. Heather, chicory, crow's feet, chrysanthemums bloomed here...
What about Winter? The forest, the meadows, and the field were covered with snow, the roads were swept, and the roofs were powdered. But the winter garden is not afraid of either snow or frost. Begonias, cyclamens, orchids bloom behind the glass of the greenhouse...
“People have grown a garden, but it’s still winter. The flowers here are the most beautiful,” Winter boasts.
So the seasons still argue about who has the best flowers.
— What are the names of all the plants that grow and bloom in the winter garden?
— Today in the lesson we will get acquainted with indoor plants, the features of their life and how to care for them.
Getting to know indoor plants.
— Why do you think indoor plants, despite changes in inanimate nature, still remained green and even bloomed with the onset of winter? (Students express their guesses)
“The homeland of these plants is hot countries where it is summer all year round, so people create for them approximately the same conditions as in summer.
— People have been decorating their homes with indoor plants for a long time, which means indoor plants are a source of beauty.
- Why else do we need indoor plants?
On the desk:
— At the end of the lesson we will have to complete this diagram.
— There are a lot of indoor plants in our class, let’s get to know them better.
A story about the flowers that are in the class (Appendix 1).
Rules for caring for indoor plants.
Reading the memo “Rules for caring for indoor plants.”
Memo
Rules for caring for indoor plants:
- Water your plants with water at room temperature. In addition, the water must sit for several hours. In summer, flowers are watered in the evening, in winter - in the morning.
- Loosen the surface of the soil in the pot with a stick so that air can flow to the roots. Be careful not to damage the roots of the plant.
- Wipe dust from large, smooth leaves with a damp cloth or sponge. Plants with small leaves and pubescent leaves are cleaned of dust with a soft brush.
- Carefully remove dry leaves and twigs from plants. Keep flower pots and stands clean.
Danger signals for temperature violations for domestic plants:
- The leaves of indoor plants begin to curl, darken and fall off - the reason is low air temperature.
- The lower leaves begin to fade, the edges darken and the leaves at the very bottom of the plant fall off - the reason is high air temperature.
- Plant leaves begin to turn yellow and fall off - the reason is a sharp jump in air temperature. (A sudden temperature jump of more than 6 degrees C can even kill the plant). Only succulents and cacti are not afraid of temperature fluctuations.
Humidity mode for house plants.
Many plants cannot tolerate dry air. Therefore, there are a number of ways to increase air humidity.
- Spraying.
- Grouping – plants are placed in groups. Air humidity in a group of plants is much higher than near a single plant.
- Using double pots. The space between the two pots is filled with peat, which increases humidity.
- Plants are placed on a tray with pebbles, which also increases humidity.
Mineral nutrition regimen.
What to feed. Plants need nitrogen - especially leaves. Phosphates - to the roots. Flowers need potassium. For this, various fertilizers are used.
- powder and granular ones have the disadvantage that they are scattered on the soil surface and they do not immediately reach the roots; in addition, with the onset of the dormant period, they cannot be completely removed.
— tablets and sticks are a very convenient method, but the disadvantage is that the fertilizers are concentrated in one place.
— liquid fertilizers are the most convenient way to fertilize.
When to feed. From spring to autumn - regularly. During the rest period, they either stop completely or significantly reduce it.
Rest mode. Caring for house plants in winter.
Dormancy is very important for plants - although it is very often forgotten. Usually this period occurs in winter. Plant growth slows down, some leaves fall off. During this period, it is necessary to significantly reduce or stop watering, create a lower temperature whenever possible, and stop or significantly reduce fertilizing. If these conditions are not met, the plant will suffer significantly. The beginning of growth in the spring indicates that the dormant period has ended.
Fresh air mode.
Green leaves of plants produce oxygen themselves. However, many of them need a supply of fresh air. Fresh air supply:
- lowers temperature in hot weather;
— lowers relative humidity in places with large concentrations of plants, which protects against gray rot;
— strengthens stems and increases resistance to disease;
— destroys traces of toxic fumes.
The following plants need ventilation: araucaria, impatiens, cacti and other succulents, pelargonium, schisanthus, tolmia, fatsia.
It is better to take some plants outdoors in the summer - these are: acacia, pomegranate, laurel, passionflower, tropical cacti, citrus fruits, yucca.
Caring for the appearance of plants includes:
— Washing mode.
Dust not only spoils the appearance of the plant, but also interferes with normal gas exchange with the external environment. Therefore, plants require bathing or sponging. It is better to simply spray and wipe young leaves. Cacti and other succulents are swept to remove dust with a brush.
— Polishing mode.
To make the plant look beautiful, it is recommended to polish it. It is best to use ready-made aerosols for polishing - the instructions always indicate which plants cannot be polished. Polishes are made on the basis of natural wax and other natural substances.
— Forming mode.
Shaping involves tying the stems to supports to create the most convenient and attractive plant shape. There are different supports - trellises, tubes with moss, hoops, gratings. They try to tie up new shoots while they are still small.
- Pinching.
To form a plant, it is sometimes necessary to remove the growing point on the stem.
— Trimming.
To form the crown, plant branches are pruned, if possible immediately above the bud.
- Cleaning.
It is necessary to remove dead leaves, damaged stems and wilted flowers.
Try to talk to your house plants.
You will give them love and care, and they will give you their beauty.
Practical work in pairs.
- Do this work with a houseplant standing on your desk.
Crossword puzzle "Indoor plants".
- “Green Spider” is a plant with long hanging tendrils on which baby plants grow. (Chlorophytum)
- A plant that has the nickname “Vanka wet”. (Balsam)
- Plants with hanging branches. ( Tradescantia)
- A plant that looks like a green hedgehog. (Cactus)
- A plant with thick, fleshy leaves that has medicinal properties and is used as a gargle. (Kalanchoe)
- A very common indoor plant with flowers of pink, white, red, which are collected in an umbrella. (Geranium)
Lesson summary
- Why do we need indoor plants?
-Taking care of indoor plants makes a person kinder.
...You must bend over the flowers, not to pick or cut, but to see their kind faces and show them a kind face. (S. Vurgun)
Literature
- Dunina-Sedenkova E.G. Development of multimedia aids using Power Point. Textbook/E.G. Dunina-Sedenkova, M.N. Shvetsova. - Novokuznetsk: MOU DPO IPK, 2008. (Methodological portal for computer science teachers).
- Pleshakov A.A. From earth to sky: atlas-determinant for elementary school students / A. A. Pleshakov. - 7th ed. - M. : Education, 2006 (Green House).
