Class hour "Let's talk about etiquette"
Class hour "Let's talk about etiquette"
Goals:
educational:
get acquainted with the history of etiquette, identify the level of your knowledge in this area, encourage you to apply this knowledge in practice.
educational:
contribute to students’ assimilation of etiquette standards and improvement of general culture.
developing:
continue to develop the skills to work in a team, listen carefully and ask questions, adequately evaluate yourself and your actions.
Structure:
It consists of three stages.
design.
- selection of material, place of this lesson in the classroom system, determination of goals, methods and forms of delivery.
2. research.
— students’ work in microgroups on the proposed situations, drawing up memos, questioning.
3. reflective.
- aimed at awareness and comprehension of the results of one’s activities.
Research standards.
theoretical stage (cl. supervisor).
Practical (independent activity of students).
Time limit: 40 – 45 minutes.
Method
Group research activities of students, individual activities.
Result:
It is quite difficult to follow; ideally, this is the assimilation of etiquette norms and the application of these rules in everyday life.
Introduction
Everything in a person should be perfect:
And the face, and the clothes, and the soul, and thoughts.
A. P. Chekhov
The fast pace of modern life makes many demands on a person: to be educated, mobile, successful, creative - the list can be endless. However, much in the life of every person depends on the ability to make an impression, listen carefully to the interlocutor, self-confidence, correct speech, etc. Etiquette permeates all aspects of a person’s life. The foundations of this knowledge are laid in the family and school, and nevertheless, every person who enters an independent life and intends to realize his talents and abilities needs their improvement and development.
Knowledge of etiquette opens the way to success in the personal and professional sphere and helps to avoid unnecessary stress and anxiety.
Therefore, I consider the choice of the topic “Etiquette” for classroom hours to be relevant and necessary.
Algorithm
From the history of etiquette (introductory speech by the senior leader)
Etiquette is a word of French origin. It has entered the lexicon since the time of the French king Louis 14, who had the loud nickname the Sun King for his extraordinary love of luxury. At one of the king’s magnificent receptions, the guests were given cards listing some mandatory rules of behavior. The word “etiquette” comes from the French name for cards - labels.
In the 18th century, our mission in China failed due to the fact that the Russian envoy refused to kneel before the emperor, as this was required by the etiquette of the Beijing court.
In 1804, Adam Krusenstern, who delivered the Russian embassy to Nagasaki with a ship, described the appearance of the Dutch with indignation. When a high-ranking Japanese appeared, they bowed at a right angle, with their arms extended at their sides. After the Russians failed to bow in this manner, the Japanese were no longer worried about them. And again, our ancestors had to leave with nothing because of their unwillingness to comply with what they considered stupid rules of etiquette.
Tibetans, for example, when greeting, take off their headdress with their right hand, they put their left hand behind their ear and also stick out their tongue. Europeans limit themselves to raising their hats and giving a slight bow. The Japanese use three types of bows to greet: low, medium and light. In the far north, hunters would rub noses when they met. The valiant musketeers, bowing gracefully, waved their hats with long feathers. In the East, it was customary to raise a hand to the forehead and to the heart, and in wine countries they showed each other their tongues as a greeting... Now this seems funny to us, doesn’t it?
Updating children's knowledge about the rules of behavior.
What do you know about etiquette?
Are etiquette rules necessary in modern life? Why?
Is it necessary to expand knowledge about etiquette in connection with changing living conditions?
Getting to know a person always begins with a greeting.
Remember the verbal greetings of Russians and other peoples (Hello! How are you! Good afternoon! Hello bulls!).
“Are your livestock healthy?” is a phrase pronounced by the Mongols. Representatives of the African Zulu tribe say: “I see you.” In China they ask: “Have you eaten today?” And it all means the same thing. How does it sound in Russian? We simply say: “Hello,” that is, we wish our friend good health. At all times, it was considered the height of bad manners and disrespect for others if a person avoids a greeting or does not respond to it.
Now let's check how well you master the art of etiquette and reveal small secrets of behavior.
Study.
The guys are divided into groups depending on the total number, each microgroup receives a task.
The task includes a story with errors that need to be found and corrected, and the result of the microgroup’s work should be a memo with rules of conduct depending on the situation, which must be defended in front of other groups.
Assignment for m/y – 1.
Act one “Hello, birthday boy!”
It's Seryozha's birthday. He is waiting for guests, in the room his mother is busy at the table, his father and Seryozha are watching TV, his grandfather is reading the newspaper. The doorbell rings and Seryozha’s classmates, Ilya and Nastya, enter.
Seryozha: “Well, finally, I’ve already been waiting for you. Why couldn’t they come earlier?!”
Ilya: “Seryozha, we congratulate you on your birthday!”
Nastya: “This is a gift from us to you.” The guys present the birthday boy with flowers and a package. Seryozha leads the guys into the room and puts the gift on the shelf.
Seryozha: “My friends came to me. Call us when everything is ready, and in the meantime we’ll play the console.”
Mom: “Okay, kids. I'll try to get it done quickly. I really need to make more sandwiches.
Seryozha: “Let dad help you, but we don’t have time.
Seryozha and his classmates retire to another room.
M/y – 1 figures out what was wrong in the guys’ behavior. Where did they go wrong? What are the most basic rules of behavior when visiting? These rules are reflected in a memo, which can be completed on paper or orally.
Memo 1
.
Rules for guests and hosts.
When entering the house you need to say hello to everyone.
You need to come to visit exactly at the appointed time, and warn about being late. You should not arrive in advance because this may cause inconvenience for the owner, who is not yet ready for the meeting.
The owner of the house needs to start the conversation not with attacks and complaints, but joyfully greet his guests.
The owner of the house needs to introduce his friends by name.
It is advisable for the birthday person to immediately open the gift and thank the guest; under no circumstances ask about the value of the donated item; It is indecent to ignore a given gift.
The table must be set when guests arrive.
If the hosts do not have something ready for the table, guests should offer their help; The owners, after thanking her, refuse her. Guests should be occupied by looking at magazines, photographs, and listening to music.
Assignment for m/y – 2.
Act two “Why was mom offended”
Friend: “Hello, Katya, is that you?”
Mom: “No, it’s not Katya, but who’s asking her?”
Friend: “Yes, yes, friend. Where is Katya?
Mom: “She’s not at home. What should I tell her?”
Friend: “Here, the goat, she promised to wait for me, but she disappeared somewhere!”
Mom: “Sorry, I can’t talk to you in this tone anymore.”
After reading the dialogue, m/g – 2 discusses the mistakes and draws up a reminder on telephone etiquette.
Memo 2.
Telephone etiquette.
Answer the phone call immediately.
Don’t forget to say hello on the phone and only then make a request.
The caller must identify himself; if he does not find the right person, he asks to convey some message.
Never ask at the beginning of a conversation: “Who is speaking?”
If the caller has the wrong number, answer politely.
If you need to call while visiting, be sure to ask permission.
If they don’t answer the fifth or sixth signal, hang up.
Three miracle words that are often missing in our speech - “sorry”, “please”, “thank you” - are especially useful during telephone conversations.
Assignment for m/y – 3.
Act three. At the cinema.
Sasha and Petya have been planning to see Steven Spielberg's new film for a long time. They agreed to meet at the cinema exactly before the start of the show. However, having played computer games, Sasha was late. Evil Petya was waiting for him at the cinema. Grabbing his friend’s hand and forgetting to apologize, Sasha dragged his friend into the hall. While making his way to his seat, Petya accidentally stepped on one of the spectators’ feet, but apologized. The guys were afraid to miss the most interesting thing, and pushing each other, they hurried to their seats. Having finally occupied them, they rustled the candy wrappers, and happily began watching the film.
(After reading action 3 / year No. 3 corrects the guys’ mistakes and presents his memo “ On the rules of conduct in public places”).
Memo 3.
Behavior in public places (using the example of a cinema).
Punctuality in a cinema is not as mandatory as in a theater, but it should still be adhered to, if only for the sake of not disturbing other spectators.
Anyone who enters the hall after the start of the film must wait at the beginning of the aisle until their eyes get used to the semi-darkness, so as not to stumble, not to step on people’s feet, and to quickly find a free place where they can sit down.
If you are going to watch a movie with a group of friends, and the theater is full of spectators, do not try to sit in one row, do not shout or wave your arms, showing each other empty seats: you can get to them calmly, without unnecessary noise, without pushing others spectators.
During the session, it is not polite to rustle candy wrappers, whisper and comment on what is happening.
While the final credits roll across the screen, you need to get up and head towards the exit, while trying not to create a crush in the aisle and not push other spectators.
Assignment for m/y – 4.
Act four. Head of the table.
Vanya was in a hurry to visit his friend Masha, so he arrived half an hour before the appointed time. He was greeted very cordially and invited to the table. As a cultured person at the table, Vanya used cutlery and did not eat with his hands. Moreover, he held the fork in his right hand and the knife in his left. Remembering the napkin, Vanya tucked it into the collar of his shirt. There was nothing on the table. Vanya decided that he needed to try everything. He put a lot on the plate and no matter how hard he tried, he couldn’t finish it. Then the hostess brought her signature dish, and Vanya asked in great detail how it was prepared. Then Masha brought a cake and cherry compote. The compote was very tasty and Vanya drank 2 glasses, courageously swallowing the seeds.
Having drunk some compote, Vanya said: “Well, I’m full,” he got up from the table and thanked Masha for lunch.
(After reading the fourth act, m/g No. 4 draws up a memo “ Rules of behavior at the table”
)
.
Memo 4.
Behavior at the table.
They come to visit you at exactly the appointed time; it is not recommended to arrive earlier, so as not to be taken by surprise.
While eating, the mouth should not make any noise; you should eat calmly, slowly, without choking.
A knife should always be used in conjunction with a fork. The knife is held in the right hand, the fork in the left.
It is not necessary to unfold the napkin completely; it is enough to form a wide triangle and place it on your knees. Never tuck a napkin into the collar of a shirt, into the neckline of a vest, or tie it around your neck. At the end of the meal, the napkin is placed to the left of your plate.
Don't put too much on the plate, don't leave too many scraps, don't crumble the bread or smear the sauce.
Never ask too much about the dish being served before you put a portion on your plate.
There is no need to swallow orange seeds, cherry and plum pits; they should be quietly spat out into a fist raised to the mouth, and then unnoticedly placed on a plate.
It is strictly forbidden to talk in detail about diseases, terrible or ugly scenes, as well as dirty jokes. You should not make comments out loud about the dishes being served, gossip with your neighbors at the table about those sitting further away, or lean over and reach out to the person you are talking to who is sitting one across from you.
After each microgroup presents its results in the form of an analysis of errors and draws up reminders, the guys continue the research at the individual level. Students are asked to complete two tests: “Are you a pleasure to talk to” and “Are you a good listener?”
Afterwards, the class teacher makes a short summary.
Having considered several life situations, we have shown and proven that the topic of our class hour is relevant and useful.
I hope that it helped all of you to think and look at yourself from the outside. Maybe you will correct some mistakes in your behavior, in contact with friends, family and acquaintances, in communication with each other, at home, on the phone and at school.
Reflection
Selectively or ask everyone about what they learned useful and new for themselves during the class hour - this is an indicator of the results of the activity in terms of content.
To evaluate the results based on your personal condition, you can use funny faces, after asking the question: “Was this class hour useful or entertaining for you? Did you feel confident when you spoke and expressed your own opinion?”
Literature:
1. Sgibneva E. P. Soldatova T. B. Class hours in grades 10-11: Rostov-on-Don “Phoenix”, 2004.
2. Modern etiquette. M.: Eksmo-Press, 2001.
3. Trofimenko A., Volgin A. Let's talk about etiquette. M: “Moskovskaya Pravda”, 1991.
Class notes "Etiquette and us"
(It’s better to wait until you get home. The only exception may be ice cream, but they eat it without sticking out their tongue so that everyone can see how long it is and how you lick the ice cream from all sides. You cannot enter transport with ice cream. You cannot eat fruit on the street).
You stirred sugar in tea, what to do with the spoon?
(Place on a saucer).
How do you take bread from a common dish?
(Hand).
Which side is the food served from and which side is it taken away from?
(Foods are served from the left hand, soups and drinks from the right. The plates are taken away from the right).
Where do you put your spoon if you've already eaten?
(Neither during or after a meal should a soup spoon be placed on the tablecloth, but only on a plate).
There are a few spoons of soup left in the plate, where should you tilt the plate - towards you or away from you?
(It all depends on what you want to pour, your suit or the hostess’s tablecloth. It’s better to sacrifice a few spoons of soup, leaving it in the plate).
How should you eat green peas?
(You need to press it down lightly with a fork so that the peas don’t roll around on the plate, and then pick it up).
How do you peel tangerines and oranges?
(Mandarin - by hand, orange - with a knife).
On which side do they pass passers-by?
(Those walking in front are passed around on the left, and those walking towards them are passed around on the right).
Your companion was given a seat in the transport. Who should thank you for this - you or your companion?
(Man).
Who gives up a (seated) seat in transport to the elderly, women and children - a man or a woman? (Both).
Which side should you stay on when walking on the sidewalk?
(Right).
You come to the cinema and make your way to your seat in a row filled with people sitting. How should you pass - facing or with your back to the people sitting? (Face).
Can a girl refuse an invitation to dance?
(Etiquette allows you to refuse an invitation to dance without explaining the reasons for the refusal),
48. You accidentally pushed someone. What is the correct way to say: “Sorry” or “Sorry”? (Sorry).
Is it possible for two people to have a conversation if there is another person with them?
(It is impossible to have a conversation in which everyone present does not take part: the third person may think that they are talking about him or that they do not trust him).
. Who hangs up the phone first - a man or a woman?
(Woman).
IV. Generalization and summary.
Raising children always includes teaching the child the ability to behave in society, establish and maintain relationships with other people. That is, teaching the rules of etiquette should begin from a very early age. Children, like sponges, absorb absolutely everything that surrounds them, so control your behavior, because a personal example for a child is more convincing than a thousand words. Your manners and your observance of the rules of etiquette are the key to the fact that your students will grow up to be cultured people for whom the rules of etiquette will be a way of life and a natural way of communication.
Extracurricular activity “His Majesty “Etiquette”” for primary school
Extracurricular event “His Majesty “Etiquette””
Purpose of the lesson: to form in children a correct understanding of moral norms and concepts
Lesson objectives:
- create conditions for systematizing students’ knowledge about the concept of etiquette;
- teach to analyze people’s actions, establish a cause-and-effect relationship between actions and emotions;
- to form the inclinations of self-control in children’s behavior;
- to form in students an understanding of the need to follow the rules of ethical behavior in everyday life using the example of Cossack etiquette;
- develop interest in the history of their native land;
- to cultivate a friendly atmosphere in their relationships, a desire to strive to comply with the rules of etiquette: to be polite, cultured, well-mannered, friendly
Progress of the lesson:
Exercise "Greetings"
Teacher: - Guys, I suggest everyone stand in a circle and greet each other in a European way, shaking hands. Now say hello like the Japanese, bowing to each other. “Africans” rub noses when they meet. Greet each other in African style.
- I am very glad to see you and your kind, joyful faces, radiant eyes! I think that you have received a charge of vivacity and energy, and the good mood will not leave you during our lesson.
Slide 2 (click)
Teacher: — It turns out that in different parts of the world, different peoples have different ways of greetings. Some bow from the waist, like the Japanese, others fall to their knees and hit their foreheads on the ground, others press their hand to their forehead and heart, others touch their noses, others show their tongues... The main thing is to know some rules accepted among cultured people and follow them in life.
Slide 3: looking at pictures
Teacher: - Which picture is the odd one out? Why? (children's answers)
— Try to determine the topic of today's extracurricular activity.
— Today we will talk about the rules of human-to-human relations, that is, about etiquette, which differs among different peoples, even in the same country. Since we live on the Don, we will learn to support the culture of the people of our native land, we will get acquainted with the rules of Cossack etiquette that have survived to our times, and we will try to compile a “Code of Ethical Rules.”
Reading a poem by a student:
What is etiquette -
We should know from childhood. These are norms of behavior: How to go to a birthday party? How to meet? As it is? How to call? How to get up? How to sit down? How to greet an adult?
How to enter and where to stand, Who to give way to, How to dress decently, Where to be silent and where to laugh, How to invite to dinner, What to give to a friend. There are many different questions. And this very etiquette gives the answer to them. At school, at home, at work, And on the tram, on the plane, And in the theater, and in the cafe It will be useful to you. (A. Usachev)
Slide 4
Teacher: Historical background
The word " etiquette " appeared under King Louis XIV of France. At one of the king's magnificent receptions, all guests were given cards with rules of behavior that guests must observe. These cards were called " labels ". This is where the concept of “etiquette” comes from - good manners, good manners, ability to behave in society .
Slide 5
etiquette the Russian language at the beginning of the 17th century. At first, etiquette was used as a court ceremony. With the advent of printing, the first manuals on etiquette . The first book on etiquette was called Domostroy . It outlined the rules of human behavior in everyday life . Peter I, who traveled extensively throughout Europe, really wanted his subjects to be like Europeans. He wanted to adopt their customs and morals.
Slide 6
Under Peter I, in 1717, a book about good manners was published entitled “An Honest Mirror of Youth” or “ Indications for Everyday Conduct .” This book was addressed to young people and talked about the rules of behavior in society . A well-bred nobleman was supposed, for example, to always be polite and courteous, know foreign languages, be able to speak eloquently, and treat elders with respect.
Game "Polite - Impolite"
Teacher: - How familiar are you with the rules of cultural behavior, let’s check in the game “Polite - impolite.” If I call it a polite act, you clap your hands, if not, then you stomp your feet.
- say hello when meeting; - pushing a classmate and not apologizing; - shout, make noise during recess; - give way to elders; - do not stand up when asked by the teacher; - help climb the stairs; - interrupt during a conversation; – maintain silence in class; - be able to listen to a friend; – let the girls go first; - say “Goodbye” when leaving class to go home;
– talk loudly on the bus; – help pick up a fallen item; - call your neighbor an offensive word; – wish in the dining room: “Bon appetit”
Teacher: - Living on the Don, we must know the rules of Cossack etiquette, which have survived to our times. By observing them, we will support the culture of the people of our region. A Cossack did not consider himself a Cossack if he did not know and observe the traditions and customs of the Cossacks, which were a vital necessity for every Cossack family. If we briefly formulate them, we get some kind of unwritten Cossack household laws:
Slide 7:
1. Respect for elders 2. Respect for women (mother, sister, wife) 3. Immense respect for the guest
Oral journal
Performance by prepared children:
1 student : - To greet each other, the Cossacks slightly raised their headdress and, with a handshake, inquired about the health of the family and the state of affairs. The Cossack women bowed to the man when he greeted him, and embraced each other with a kiss and conversation. When approaching a group of people standing and sitting, the Cossack took off his hat, bowed and inquired about his health. Among Cossack children, and even among adults, it was customary to greet (greet) even a stranger who appeared in a farm or village. At the entrance to the hut (kuren) they were baptized in the image, the men first took off their hats, and did the same when leaving. A characteristic feature of the Cossack soul was the need to show kindness and service in general, and especially to a stranger (to give something dropped, to help lift, to bring something along the way, to help when getting up or leaving, to give up a place to sit, to serve something to a neighbor or nearby during a general feast sitting). Before he himself could eat or quench his thirst, he had to offer it to the person standing (sitting) next to him. As a rule, the Cossacks preferred to make do with what they had, and not with what they would like, but not to be in debt. Debt, they said, was worse than bondage, and they tried to immediately free themselves from it. Kindness, selfless help, and respect shown to you were also considered a duty. For this, the Cossack had to pay in kind.
The authority of father and mother was not only indisputable, but so revered that without the blessing of their parents they did not begin any work or make decisions on the most important matters. Dishonoring father and mother was considered a great sin.
Restraint, politeness and respect were observed in dealing with parents and elders in general.
Slide 8
2nd student: - The custom of respect and veneration for the elder obligated the younger to show care, restraint, readiness to provide help and adherence to certain rules of etiquette:
- when the old man appeared, everyone had to stand up - Cossacks in uniform put their hand on their headdress, and without uniform - take off their hat and bow;
- in the presence of an elder, it was not allowed to sit, smoke, talk (enter into conversations without his permission), and, moreover, to express himself obscenely;
- the junior must show patience and restraint, and not argue in any case. The elder's words were binding on the younger;
- during general (joint) events and decision-making, the opinion of the elder was always asked;
- in conflict situations, disputes, discord, and fights, the word of the old man (senior) was decisive, and its immediate execution was required.
Slide 9 3rd student: - In Cossack families, they treated the guest with immense respect, because the guest was considered a messenger of God. Regardless of his age, he was given the best place at meals and at rest. It was considered indecent to ask a guest for 3 days where he was from and what the purpose of his arrival was. Even the old man gave up his seat, even if the guest was younger than him. The Cossacks had a rule: wherever he went on business or to visit, he never took food either for himself or for his horse. In any farm, village, town, they will definitely welcome you as a guest and feed both him and the horse.
Slide 10
A respectful attitude towards a woman - mother, wife, sister - determined the concept of honor of a Cossack woman, the honor of a daughter, sister, wife - the dignity of a man was measured by the honor and behavior of a woman. No matter who the woman was, she was always treated with respect and protected. In Cossack society, women were so revered and respected that there was no need to give them the rights of a man. The word of the owner of the family was indisputable for all its members, and an example in this was the Cossack’s wife - the mother of his children. A Cossack woman considered it a great sin and shame to appear in public (society) with her head uncovered, wear men's clothing and cut her hair.
Work in groups ( students from two adjacent desks are united ):
Teacher : — Let’s draw up a “Code of Ethical Rules” and unite into groups to work. Consult each other. Write down your thoughts.
Result:
Teacher : - What rules of cultural behavior should we observe and fulfill in everyday life??
Children's reports by group
"Code of Ethical Rules"
- Politeness shows how you treat other people. A polite person does not cause trouble or offense to another person.
- A polite person always says hello and goodbye. It is impolite not to return a greeting.
- A polite person does not respond to rudeness with rudeness.
A polite person is friendly and considerate of others. If he is asked about something or asked to provide some service, he always does it willingly.
- You need to be polite in words, in gestures, in actions. Polite words spoken in a rude voice or in a cheeky tone cease to be polite.
- If you are sitting and an adult enters the room, stand up to greet him.
- Adults should be the first to say hello, but you cannot extend your hand yourself. They shake hands if the adult himself extends his hand. When greeting, you need to look into the face of the person you are greeting.
- If an adult speaks to you and you are sitting, stand up and talk while standing.
- Be polite with your comrades: do not give them nicknames and nicknames when talking, do not shout, do not forget to say “magic words” (“thank you”, “please”).
- In games, don't be rude, don't shout. Don’t argue with your friend over trifles, don’t quarrel, try to work and play together.
- Don't snitch. If a friend is wrong about something, say so right away, stop your friend if he is doing something bad.
- Always be accurate and careful.
- Know how to control yourself, don’t take it out on others.
- Listen carefully to the other person, without interrupting him, until he finishes the story. Even in a quarrel, never raise your voice.
- Try to avoid importunity: if your presence is unpleasant to a person, leave him.
- When visiting, behave in such a way that your presence is pleasant for both hosts and guests.
- Greet guests warmly. Even if you are upset about something, you must behave in such a way that guests do not notice it.
Teacher: - This is only part of the rules of good manners, but applying even this small part will make your life easier, because good manners are necessary for everyone. But in order to become a cultured person, it is not enough to know etiquette, you must always follow these rules. This is the secret of success! Reflection:
— Who was interested in the topic of the lesson?
— What will you tell your parents at home?
— What conclusions did you draw for yourself?
References:
- "A Brief Dictionary of Philosophy." Ed. I.V. Blauberg and I.K. Pantina.
- "Dictionary of Ethics". Ed. I.S. Kona.
- D.S. Likhachev “Letters about good things”.
- Smirnov N.A. Ethics and etiquette for junior schoolchildren: A manual for teachers and parents of primary school students / ed. L.V. Kuznetsova, G.S. Semenov - M.: School Press. 2002. – 112 p.
- 3. Shemshurina A.I. Ethical grammar in primary school: to help the teacher M.: Shkola-Press. 1998. -186 p.
- https://kazakdon.ru/gostepriimstvo_kazakov.html Cossacks on the Don
- https://obuchonok.ru/node/349 History of etiquette
- https://zelenodolsk-okv.ucoz.ru/_ph/1/694439073.jpg painting by S. Gavrilyachenko “Tontures”, 2000
- https://images.yandex.ru/ picture
