Lecture for teenagers “The sad truth about the dangers of smoking” material on the topic
Lecture for teenagers
"The sad truth about the dangers of smoking"
Many facts are known about the dangers of smoking and alcohol. However, the concern of scientists and doctors caused by the spread of these habits is growing. Today there has been an increase in the proportion of teenagers who started buying and drinking before the age of 10.
The most critical peak for initiation into smoking and alcohol is adolescence (14-17 years).
What is smoking? Smoking is not a harmless activity that you can quit without effort. This is a hidden drug addiction, and it is all the more dangerous because many do not take it seriously. The evil caused by smoking is so great that the fight against it throughout the world has become a social problem. Even in the time of Peter 1 they said, “He who smokes tobacco is worse than a dog.”
Cigarettes are prepared from dried tobacco leaves; during the smoking process, they are dry distilled, accompanied by a large amount of harmful substances: nicotine, carbon monoxide, ammonia, etc. About 30 of these substances enter the human body when smoking. However, due to the fact that nicotine does not enter the body immediately, but in parts, it has time to be neutralized.
What is nicotine? The substance nicotine is a special alkaloid that is synthesized in the accumulated leaves of plants and their roots. Most of it is found in tobacco. It should be noted that this substance has an extremely negative effect on the human body, since by its nature it is a neurotoxin. With regular penetration of nicotine into the respiratory system, a person develops a very strong addiction. The effect of nicotine, in particular tobacco smoke (the smell on humans), is quite dangerous. At the same time, it does not matter how exactly the smoke will be inhaled - in the form of an electronic cigarette or regular tobacco smoking. In any case, the body will be poisoned every time. Nicotine is a powerful poison. Its content in 100 cigarettes is a deadly poison for a horse, for humans - in 20-25 cigarettes of medium strength. No wonder they say “A drop of nicotine kills a horse.”
There is more nicotine in low grades of tobacco, especially shag. If you smoke a lot of tobacco at once, severe poisoning can occur. It is very dangerous. Its mild forms are almost always observed in people who start smoking - dizziness, cold sweat, nausea, headache, weakness in the arms and legs. There is a known case of fatal poisoning of a healthy, long-term smoker who smoked 50 cigarettes in 12 hours.
Smoking has a detrimental effect on the activity of all organs and systems. After entering the human body, nicotine is absorbed into the blood and within a few seconds ends up in the central nervous system. It easily overcomes all biological barriers, including the blood-brain barrier. The toxic substance accumulates in the internal organs, brain, and bone tissue. With each cigarette smoked, the concentration of nicotine increases, and the poisoning of the body intensifies. Under the influence of carcinogens, cells change at the genetic level, and their number also increases: the division of healthy cells leads to the formation of benign tumors - polyps and cysts; the division of damaged and deformed cells provokes the formation of cancerous tumors. Tobacco poison enters the human body in 7 seconds and enters the brain.
There is not a single organ that does not suffer from poison. First of all, the nervous system suffers. Memory decreases, headaches and insomnia appear. Nicotine affects the adrenal glands, which secrete the hormone adrenaline, which increases blood pressure. Very often, smoking leads to the development of chronic bronchitis, chronic pneumonia. A smoker's voice becomes rough and hoarse, his gums bleed, and his teeth crumble. Over 10 years, 8 liters of tobacco tar pass through the respiratory tract of a smoker. 1 kg of tobacco, which a person smokes in 1 month, contains 70 liters of tobacco tar. Cancer is 20-30 times more common in smokers than in non-smokers.
Smoking tobacco has a detrimental effect on the health of both smokers and non-smokers who are forced to be exposed to tobacco smoke. They are called passive smokers. When smoking, 50% of tobacco smoke enters the environment.
It is very harmful when a girl – an expectant mother – smokes. Exposure to tobacco smoke on the fetus causes disruption of its development. Vasily Belov called women who smoke chickens. The influence of tobacco poisons on the growing body of a teenager is especially harmful. The earlier they start smoking, the more sensitive their body is to tobacco poison, the faster an addiction to nicotine develops, which stunts growth.
Typically, children smoke secretly, hastily, and when tobacco burns quickly, 2 times more nicotine goes into smoke than when it burns slowly. In addition, teenagers finish smoking a cigarette and often smoke cigarette butts, i.e. exactly that part of tobacco products that contains the most toxic substances. When buying cigarettes, guys often spend the money they are given for breakfast.
Remember:
1. The greatest danger nicotine contained in tobacco products poses to the nervous system. This chemical compound easily depletes nerve cells, which is manifested by fatigue, irritability, and excessive excitability. Young smokers are always nervous and irritable.
2. Smoking also affects basic mental processes. Memory rapidly deteriorates, thinking also begins to malfunction. And the more a child smokes, the more clearly negative trends appear.
3. Another suffering side is the respiratory system. The respiratory organs, which are still imperfect, cannot process tobacco smoke and the tar, methane, and nitrogen it contains. Most of these chemical compounds settle on the lungs, which provokes numerous colds. Then the voice of adolescents who smoke begins to change, shortness of breath and a barking cough appear.
4. Tooth enamel also suffers from smoking. You've probably noticed that many smokers have yellow teeth. This is due to the temperature difference: the air inhaled by the child is colder than cigarette smoke, which leads to the destruction of tooth enamel.
5. A teenager who is addicted to cigarettes often has worse skin conditions. Numerous pimples appear, the skin begins to become shiny. If you indulge in this habit excessively, a distinct yellowness of the skin and nails is observed.
Conversation about the dangers of smoking for teenagers in the library
Conversation script “Stop the cigarette!”
for students in grades 5-7. Author: Lutkovskaya Victoria Aleksandrovna, head of the branch, MUK "CSDB of Yaroslavl" children's library-branch No. 5, leisure. The material will be useful to teachers and librarians. Event for students in grades 5-7. Aimed at introducing children to the harmful effects of bad habits on health. Goal: to form a negative attitude towards smoking among young readers and reading literature about health. Objectives: Educational:
to introduce participants to information about the harmful effects of bad habits on health.
Educational:
to cultivate the values of a healthy lifestyle, a love of reading.
Developmental:
develop memory, attention, logical thinking.
Materials: paper, pens, glue sticks, poster “I am against smoking!” Design: book exhibition “Stop the cigarette!”
Progress:
Presenter: What is health? (children's answers) Presenter: According to the definition of the World Health Organization, “health is a state of complete physical, psychological and social well-being, and not simply the absence of disease or physical defects.” Presenter : What affects our well-being? (Children's answers) Presenter: The development of diseases is facilitated by various exposures to an aggressive environment. Among them are “bad habits” and inclinations – smoking, alcohol and drugs. As a result of the fact that many of your peers are addicted to smoking, drinking, drug addiction and substance abuse, our nation is gradually dying out. More and more children are dying, the number of children with psychological and oncological disorders is increasing. Presenter: According to experts, if you smoke the same way as now, then by 2070 entire cities in Russia will die out. And with other harmful addictions this will happen even earlier. Host : In your opinion, smoking is a harmless hobby; there is nothing wrong with smoking for the smoker and the people around him? Or smoking is harmful, an evil that brings misfortune. (Voting: Who can gather in groups for the first and second statements in the audience. Participants give reasons why they voted this way.) Presenter: There is a poem about this: What is smoking? This is a misconception: You will not grow up, You will get poisoned and get sick. Smoking does not make them grow up, but makes them get sick and grow old. In less than a couple of years, you will become like an old grandfather. You can show an experiment with a washcloth in water, and in a sticky solution (can be glue): everyone can try with their hand, where the sponge is lighter - a symbol of the lung, absorbs liquid - a symbol of what is inhaled. The water represents clean air, and the solution is the “sticky solution of resins” inhaled by the smoker. Just as a sponge sticks together from a sticky solution, so does a smoker's lung. Host: The UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCRA) has calculated the approximate amount of radioactive substances entering the human body through food and air per year. It turned out that for non-smokers the annual effective dose of internal radiation is about 7 μSv (a microsievert is a value for indicating radiation dose), and for smokers it is 81 μSv. The lethal dose of radiation starts at 6-7 Sv per hour or more. But even to a small extent, constantly increased background radiation can cause cell mutation and cancer. And for smokers, this happens due to the fact that tobacco contains radioactive isotopes lead-210 and polonium-210, which enter the body and give such a dose. Each cigarette smoked shortens life by 15 minutes, every 13 seconds a person dies from a disease associated with smoking, 13 seconds the sound of a metronome. Over the course of a year, that’s 2.5 million people. It is estimated that the world's population smokes 12 billion cigarettes and cigarettes! The total mass of cigarette butts is 2,520,000 tons. Presenter: to support our words - visual material (video clips or literature about smoking and its consequences.) We conduct a survey: “Is it worth measuring life by cigarettes? Why?" We give everyone the opportunity to express their point of view. Host: I would like to end our meeting with a proposal to express your attitude towards smoking clearly for smokers, I propose to do a quilt. Anyone who is against smoking can circle their palm, sign their name (without a surname) and stick it on this sheet (we make a poster in advance in the Publisher program with the image of crossed out or broken cigarettes and the heading “I am against smoking!”). Participants make a quilt. They set up a stand for them.
We offer to take literature from the exhibition. We say goodbye.
We recommend watching:
Prevention program to combat smoking “Your Choice” for a school summer camp Interactive lesson for students with disabilities on the dangers of smoking in a boarding school Class hour on the dangers of smoking, 8th grade Synopsis of an extracurricular event to promote a healthy lifestyle, 5th grade
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For schoolchildren to think about: the dangers of smoking
Smoking causes serious damage to the still immature body of a schoolchild. Growth and development of the body can occur both up to 18 and up to 25 years, sometimes up to 23 years. For normal development, cells require a certain amount of nutrients and oxygen, which is inevitably reduced if a person smokes.
Harm to the respiratory and cardiovascular systems
Until the development of the body is completed, the human lungs are very sensitive to various irritating factors, since they are in constant formation. If tobacco smoke constantly enters them, the pulmonary capillaries begin to dry out and die. The internal cavity of the lungs darkens with soot and gradually stops its development, which is so necessary for the young body. Because of this, breathing complications arise: the student develops shortness of breath, and it becomes difficult for him to endure even minor physical exertion.
When smoking, large quantities of carbon monoxide enter the human bloodstream and come into contact with hemoglobin. The main task of hemoglobin is to transport oxygen to tissue cells, but oxygen is quickly replaced by carbon monoxide, which causes oxygen starvation. This is very dangerous for health, since the nutrition of internal organs and the brain is disrupted.
Smoking greatly harms the cardiovascular system. A teenager who smokes experiences a rapid pulse, pain in the heart area, and increased blood pressure. He may experience frequent headaches and become more prone to colds.
Mental impairment
In addition to the serious harm caused to physical health by smoking, the mental health of the student is also at great risk. Nicotine and other toxic substances contained in tobacco smoke significantly impair brain function. Moreover, the younger a smoker is, the more prone he is to problems such as deterioration of attention, short-term memory, logic abilities and coordination of movements. Because of this, the student stops coping with the curriculum and begins to get bad grades.
Not only adults, but also schoolchildren themselves should fight smoking in adolescence. It is necessary to explain to the child that it is important to have his own opinion and not give in to the persuasion of peers who offer him to smoke in order to become part of the general company. An addiction to smoking develops very quickly and, even after trying only 1-2 cigarettes, a student risks developing a bad habit, which is very, very difficult to get rid of.
